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1. Full Text CNS leptin and insulin action in the control of energy homeostasis
by Belgardt, Bengt F and Brüning, Jens C
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, ISSN 0077-8923, 11/2010, Volume 1212, Issue 1, pp. 97 - 113
The obesity and diabetes pandemics have made it an urgent necessity to define the central nervous system (CNS) pathways controlling body weight, energy... 
insulin | central nervous system (CNS) | leptin | diabetes | pancreas | obesity | Obesity | Diabetes | Pancreas | Central nervous system (CNS) | Insulin | Leptin | HYPOTHALAMIC PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | ANOREXIGENIC POMC NEURONS | NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA | ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS | DIET-INDUCED OBESITY | BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER | UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE | CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | HEPATIC GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION | ATP CHANNEL ACTIVATION | Insulin - pharmacology | Central Nervous System - metabolism | Insulin - physiology | Humans | Leptin - metabolism | Appetite Regulation - drug effects | Energy Intake - genetics | Energy Intake - drug effects | Leptin - genetics | Appetite Regulation - genetics | Energy Intake - physiology | Leptin - physiology | Insulin - metabolism | Animals | Models, Biological | Homeostasis - physiology | Central Nervous System - drug effects | Appetite Regulation - physiology | Homeostasis - drug effects | Energy Metabolism - genetics | Energy Metabolism - physiology | Energy Metabolism - drug effects | Homeostasis - genetics | Physiological aspects | Insulin resistance | Diabetes therapy | Hyperglycemia | Human | Circuits | Body weight | Central nervous system | Expenditures | Metabolism
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2. Full Text Central insulin action in energy and glucose homeostasis
by Plum, Leona and Belgardt, Bengt F and Brüning, Jens C
Journal of Clinical Investigation, ISSN 0021-9738, 07/2006, Volume 116, Issue 7, pp. 1761 - 1766
Insulin has pleiotropic biological effects in virtually all tissues. However, the relevance of insulin signaling in peripheral tissues has been studied far... 
MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | BODY-WEIGHT | CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS | K-ATP CHANNELS | FOOD-INTAKE | PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE | ADIPOSITY SIGNALS | HYPOTHALAMIC ARCUATE NUCLEUS | CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | ISLET BETA-CELLS | NEUROPEPTIDE-Y | Humans | Leptin - metabolism | Homeostasis | Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism | Insulin - metabolism | Animals | Hypothalamus - metabolism | Neuronal Plasticity - physiology | Energy Metabolism | Hypothalamus - cytology | Glucose - metabolism | Signal Transduction - physiology | Neurons - metabolism | Medicine, Experimental | Glucose metabolism | Medical research | Research | Insulin | Review Series
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3. Full Text CNS leptin and insulin action in the control of energy homeostasis
: CNS leptin and insulin action
by Belgardt, Bengt F and Brüning, Jens C
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, ISSN 0077-8923, 11/2010, Volume 1212, Issue 1, pp. 97 - 113
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4. Full Text Hormone and glucose signalling in POMC and AgRP neurons
by Bengt F. Belgardt and Tomoo Okamura and Jens C. Brüning
The Journal of Physiology, ISSN 0022-3751, 11/2009, Volume 587, Issue 22, pp. 5305 - 5314
In the wake of the obesity pandemic, increased research efforts are under way to define how peripheral hormones and metabolites regulate energy homeostasis.... 
HYPOTHALAMIC PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS | PHYSIOLOGY | ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS | CENTRAL INSULIN ACTION | FOOD-INTAKE | OBESE GENE | INDUCED ANOREXIA | ARCUATE NUCLEUS | LEPTIN RESISTANCE | NEUROSCIENCES | ATP CHANNEL ACTIVATION | SUBUNIT GENE-EXPRESSION | Blood Glucose - physiology | Insulin - physiology | Humans | Pro-Opiomelanocortin - physiology | Leptin - physiology | Animals | Agouti-Related Protein - biosynthesis | Agouti-Related Protein - physiology | Homeostasis - physiology | Neurons - physiology | Pro-Opiomelanocortin - biosynthesis | Neurons - secretion | Signal Transduction - physiology | Agouti-Related Protein - secretion | Energy Metabolism - physiology | Pro-Opiomelanocortin - secretion | Topical Reviews
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5. Acute selective ablation of rat insulin promoter-expressing (RIP^sub HER^) neurons defines their orexigenic nature
by Eva Rother and Bengt F Belgardt and Eva Tsaousidou and Brigitte Hampel and Ari Waisman and Martin G Myers Jr and Jens C Brüning
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, 10/2012, Volume 109, Issue 44, p. 18132
  Rat insulin promoter (RIP)-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus control body weight and energy homeostasis. However, genetic approaches to study the role... 
Rodents | Homeostasis | Pituitary gland | Toxins | Gene expression | Insulin
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6. Full Text The fat mass and obesity associated gene (Fto) regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry
by Hess, Martin E and Hess, Simon and Meyer, Kate D and Verhagen, Linda A.W and Koch, Linda and Brönneke, Hella S and Dietrich, Marcelo O and Jordan, Sabine D and Saletore, Yogesh and Elemento, Olivier and Belgardt, Bengt F and Franz, Thomas and Horvath, Tamas L and Rüther, Ulrich and Jaffrey, Samie R and Kloppenburg, Peter and Brüning, Jens C
Nature Neuroscience, ISSN 1097-6256, 08/2013, Volume 16, Issue 8, pp. 1042 - 1048
Dopaminergic (DA) signaling governs the control of complex behaviors, and its deregulation has been implicated in a wide range of diseases. Here we demonstrate... 
D2 RECEPTORS | RNA | NEURONS | COCAINE | SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA | REWARD | CHILDHOOD | NEUROSCIENCES | MICE LACKING | ADDICTION | BRAIN | Mixed Function Oxygenases - deficiency | Oxo-Acid-Lyases - physiology | Receptors, Dopamine D2 - deficiency | Methyltransferases - metabolism | Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO | Male | G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels - physiology | RNA, Messenger - metabolism | Exploratory Behavior - physiology | Dopamine - physiology | Oxo-Acid-Lyases - genetics | Exploratory Behavior - drug effects | Dopaminergic Neurons - physiology | Female | Mesencephalon - physiology | Mixed Function Oxygenases - physiology | Locomotion - drug effects | Oxo-Acid-Lyases - deficiency | RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Mice, Knockout | Cocaine - pharmacology | Dopaminergic Neurons - enzymology | Phenotype | Animals | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Corpus Striatum - physiology | Receptors, Dopamine D3 - physiology | Receptors, Dopamine D2 - physiology | Adenine - metabolism | Mice | Quinpirole - pharmacology | Reward | Locomotion - physiology | Methylation | Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics | Obesity | Body mass index | Neural circuitry | Physiological aspects | Genetic aspects | Research | Gene expression | Dopaminergic mechanisms | Health aspects
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7. Full Text Distinct Roles for JNK and IKK Activation in Agouti-Related Peptide Neurons in the Development of Obesity and Insulin Resistance
by Tsaousidou, Eva and Paeger, Lars and Belgardt, Bengt F and Pal, Martin and Wunderlich, F. Thomas and Wunderlich, Claudia M and Brönneke, Hella and Collienne, Ursel and Hampel, Brigitte and Schmidt-Supprian, Marc and Kloppenburg, Peter and Brüning, Jens C
Cell Reports, ISSN 2211-1247, 11/2014, Volume 9, Issue 4, pp. 1495 - 1506
Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1)- and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase 2 (IKK2)-dependent signaling plays a crucial role in the... 
GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS | AMPA RECEPTOR PHOSPHORYLATION | ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS | PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS | ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS | DIET-INDUCED OBESITY | NF-KAPPA-B | LEPTIN RESISTANCE | EXPRESSING NEURONS | TERMINAL KINASE | CELL BIOLOGY | Adiposity - drug effects | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Insulin Resistance | Body Weight - drug effects | JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism | Male | Mutant Proteins - metabolism | Enzyme Activation - drug effects | Agouti-Related Protein - metabolism | Insulin - metabolism | Animals | MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects | I-kappa B Kinase - metabolism | Neurons - enzymology | Glucose - metabolism | Leptin - pharmacology | Obesity - enzymology | Homeostasis - drug effects | Neurons - drug effects | Action Potentials - drug effects
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8. Full Text MyD88 Signaling in the CNS Is Required for Development of Fatty Acid-Induced Leptin Resistance and Diet-Induced Obesity
by Kleinridders, André and Schenten, Dominik and Könner, A. Christine and Belgardt, Bengt F and Mauer, Jan and Okamura, Tomoo and Wunderlich, F. Thomas and Medzhitov, Ruslan and Brüning, Jens C
Cell Metabolism, ISSN 1550-4131, 2009, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp. 249 - 259
Obesity-associated activation of inflammatory pathways represents a key step in the development of insulin resistance in peripheral organs, partially via... 
HUMDISEASE | MOLNEURO | WHITE ADIPOSE-TISSUE | BODY-WEIGHT | TARGETED DISRUPTION | GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS | POMC-EXPRESSING CELLS | TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4 | FOOD-INTAKE | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | IKK-BETA | NF-KAPPA-B | INDUCED INSULIN-RESISTANCE | CELL BIOLOGY | Dietary Fats - metabolism | Motor Activity - physiology | Palmitic Acid - metabolism | Central Nervous System - metabolism | Humans | Leptin - metabolism | Homeostasis | Male | I-kappa B Kinase - metabolism | Female | Weight Gain | Eating | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Insulin Resistance | Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 - genetics | Mice, Transgenic | Obesity - metabolism | Insulin - metabolism | Animals | Diet | Energy Metabolism | Glucose - metabolism | Signal Transduction - physiology | Mice | Enzyme Activation | Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 - metabolism | Obesity | Medical colleges | Glucose metabolism | Leptin | Physiological aspects | Insulin resistance | Glucose | Peptide hormones | Fatty acids | Dextrose
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9. Full Text High-fat feeding promotes obesity via insulin receptor/PI3K-dependent inhibition of SF-1 VMH neurons
by Klöckener, Tim and Hess, Simon and Belgardt, Bengt F and Paeger, Lars and Verhagen, Linda A.W and Husch, Andreas and Sohn, Jong-Woo and Hampel, Brigitte and Dhillon, Harveen and Zigman, Jeffrey M and Lowell, Bradford B and Williams, Kevin W and Elmquist, Joel K and Horvath, Tamas L and Kloppenburg, Peter and Brüning, Jens C
Nature Neuroscience, ISSN 1097-6256, 07/2011, Volume 14, Issue 7, pp. 911 - 918
Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1)-expressing neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) control energy homeostasis, but the role of insulin action in these... 
BODY-WEIGHT | ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS | FOOD-INTAKE | STEROIDOGENIC FACTOR-1 | NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR | PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS | ARCUATE NUCLEUS | VENTROMEDIAL HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEUS | EXPRESSING NEURONS | NEUROSCIENCES | HEPATIC GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods | Tolbutamide - pharmacology | Action Potentials - genetics | Age Factors | Body Weight - drug effects | Steroidogenic Factor 1 - genetics | Male | Green Fluorescent Proteins - genetics | Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism | Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus - pathology | RNA, Messenger - metabolism | Calorimetry - methods | Eating - physiology | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Time Factors | Female | Leptin - administration & dosage | Neurons - metabolism | Steroidogenic Factor 1 - metabolism | Neurons - drug effects | Action Potentials - drug effects | Animals, Newborn | Insulin - pharmacology | Dietary Fats - adverse effects | Glucose Tolerance Test | Obesity - chemically induced | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology | Mice, Transgenic | Signal Transduction - genetics | Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology | Obesity - pathology | Blood Glucose - drug effects | Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects | Eating - drug effects | Patch-Clamp Techniques | Animals | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Receptor, Insulin - metabolism | Mice | Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus - cytology | In Vitro Techniques | Injections, Intraventricular - methods | Obesity | Receptors | Neurons | Physiological aspects | Research | Health aspects | Insulin | Ketogenic diet | Risk factors
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10. Full Text Hormone and glucose signalling in POMC and AgRP neurons
: PI3K and KATPin the arcuate nucleus
by Belgardt, Bengt F and Okamura, Tomoo and Brüning, Jens C
The Journal of Physiology, ISSN 0022-3751, 11/2009, Volume 587, Issue 22, pp. 5305 - 5314
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11. Full Text Hypothalamic and pituitary c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 signaling coordinately regulates glucose metabolism
by Bengt F. Belgardt and Jan Mauer and F. Thomas Wunderlich and Marianne B. Ernst and Martin Pal and Gabriele Spohn and Hella S. Brönneke and Susanne Brodesser and Brigitte Hampel and Astrid C. Schauss and Jens C. Brüning and Marc R. Montminy
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, 3/2010, Volume 107, Issue 13, pp. 6028 - 6033
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1-dependent signaling plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance. Here we demonstrate that... 
Obesity | Messenger RNA | Food intake | Neurons | Body weight | Homeostasis | Insulin resistance | Mice | Insulin | High fat diet | Brain | Inflammation | Diabetes | LIFE-SPAN | FOOD-INTAKE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA | ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS | AGRP NEURONS | brain | EXPRESSING NEURONS | BODY-WEIGHT | inflammation | INSULIN-RESISTANCE | diabetes | insulin resistance | LEPTIN RESISTANCE | obesity | GROWTH-FACTOR-I | Nestin | Pituitary Gland - metabolism | Signal Transduction | Growth Hormone - metabolism | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 - metabolism | Mice, Transgenic | Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - metabolism | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 - deficiency | Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism | Insulin - metabolism | Animals | Hypothalamus - metabolism | Insulin Resistance - physiology | Dietary Fats - administration & dosage | Glucose - metabolism | Mice, Obese | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 - genetics | Adiposity - physiology | Body Weight - physiology | Thyroid Gland - metabolism | Intermediate Filament Proteins - metabolism | Somatotropin | Glucose metabolism | Brain research | Development and progression | Research | Properties | Methods | Biological Sciences
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12. Full Text Sfrp5 increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the rat pancreatic beta cell line INS-1E
by Carstensen-Kirberg, Maren and Röhrig, Karin and Niersmann, Corinna and Margriet Ouwens, D and Belgardt, Bengt F and Roden, Michael and Herder, Christian
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 03/2019, Volume 14, Issue 3, p. e0213650
Previous studies reported that secreted frizzled-related protein-5 (Sfrp5) decreases beta cell proliferation and increases fasting insulin levels, but studies... 
RESISTANCE | PROLIFERATION | INHIBITION | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | Type 2 diabetes | Usage | Pancreatic beta cells | Research | Glucose | Dextrose | Cell proliferation | Phosphorylation | Frizzled-related protein | Wnt protein | Frizzled protein | mRNA | Western blotting | Proteins | Signal transduction | Pathways | Pancreas | Recombinant | Splicing | Research & development--R&D | Secretion | Markers | Insulin | Variance analysis | Beta cells | Musculoskeletal system | Signaling | Insulin resistance | Diabetes | Viability | Endocrinology | Research & development | R&D
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