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1. Full Text Increasing cumulative exposure to volatile anesthetic agents is associated with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
by Diaz, Laura K., MD and Gaynor, J. William, MD and Koh, Shannon J., BA and Ittenbach, Richard F., PhD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy C., MD and Zackai, Elaine H., MD and Clancy, Robert R., MD and Rehman, Mohamed A., MD and Pennington, Jeffrey W., BS and Burnham, Nancy, MSN and Spray, Thomas L., MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The, ISSN 0022-5223, 2016, Volume 152, Issue 2, pp. 482 - 489
Abstract Objectives Despite improved survival in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), significant concern persists regarding their... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | neurotoxicity | neurodevelopment | congenital heart surgery | anesthesia | LANGUAGE | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | DETERMINANTS | ISOFLURANE | INFANT CARDIAC-SURGERY | HUMANS | CHILDHOOD EXPOSURE | DESFLURANE | SEVOFLURANE | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | KINETICS | BRAIN | Medical colleges | Hypoplastic left heart syndrome | Coronary artery bypass | Patient outcomes | Anesthesia | Epidemiology | Central nervous system agents | Medical research | Medicine, Experimental | Medical records | Index Medicus | Abridged Index Medicus
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2. Full Text Are Breast-fed Infants More Resilient? Feeding Method and Cortisol in Infants
by Cao, Yang, PhD and Rao, Sanmati D., BA, BS and Phillips, Terry M., PhD, DSc and Umbach, David M., PhD and Bernbaum, Judy C., MD and Archer, Janet I., MSc and Rogan, Walter J., MD
Journal of Pediatrics, The, ISSN 0022-3476, 2009, Volume 154, Issue 3, pp. 452 - 454
The effect of feeding method on stress hormone levels in infants is unknown. We studied infants from birth to 1 year and found salivary cortisol 40% higher in... 
Pediatrics | PEDIATRICS | Adaptation, Physiological | Bottle Feeding | Cross-Sectional Studies | Infant Formula | Humans | Breast Feeding | Stress, Physiological | Infant | Male | Female | Hydrocortisone - blood | Longitudinal Studies | Infant, Newborn | Infants | Corticosteroids | Analgesics | Breast feeding | Methods | Steroids
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3. Full Text Effect of congenital heart disease on 4 year neurodevelopment within multiple gestation births
by Schultz, Amy H., MD, MSCE and Ittenbach, Richard F., PhD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Jarvik, Gail P., MD, PhD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Solot, Cynthia, CCC, MA and Clancy, Robert R., MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD and McDonald-McGinn, Donna, MS, CGC and Zackai, Elaine, MD and Gaynor, J. William, MD
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The, ISSN 0022-5223, 2017, Volume 154, Issue 1, pp. 273 - 281.e2
Abstract Objectives We sought to assess the effect of congenital heart disease requiring infant surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass on neurodevelopmental... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | twins | heart defects | complications | triplets | cardiac surgery | congenital | neurodevelopmental disorders | etiology | SCHOOL | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | GREAT-ARTERIES | INFANT CARDIAC-SURGERY | APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE | TRANSPOSITION | CHILDREN | PREDICTION | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | OUTCOMES | CIRCULATORY ARREST | AGE | Follow-Up Studies | Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery | Humans | Child, Preschool | Infant | Male | Cardiopulmonary Bypass | Multiple Birth Offspring | Heart Defects, Congenital - complications | Time Factors | Female | Child Development | Neurodevelopmental Disorders - etiology | Pregnancy | Parenting | Medical colleges | Coronary artery bypass | Heart diseases in pregnancy | Congenital heart disease | Cardiology | Heart diseases | Epidemiology | Diseases | Medical research | Diseases in twins | Analysis | Medicine, Experimental | Development and progression | Twins
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4. Full Text Developmental Outcomes of Very Preterm Infants with Tracheostomies
by DeMauro, Sara B., MD, MSCE and D'Agostino, Jo Ann, DNP, CRNP and Bann, Carla, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Bell, Edward F., MD and Carlo, Waldemar A., MD and D'Angio, Carl T., MD and Das, Abhik, PhD and Higgins, Rosemary, MD and Hintz, Susan R., MD and Laptook, Abbot R., MD and Natarajan, Girija, MD and Nelin, Leif, MD and Poindexter, Brenda B., MD and Sanchez, Pablo J., MD and Shankaran, Seetha, MD and Stoll, Barbara J., MD and Truog, William, MD and Van Meurs, Krisa P., MD and Vohr, Betty, MD and Walsh, Michele C., MD, MS and Kirpalani, Haresh, BM, MSc and Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst and Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network
Journal of Pediatrics, The, ISSN 0022-3476, 2014, Volume 164, Issue 6, pp. 1303 - 1310.e2
Objectives To evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcomes of very preterm (<30 weeks) infants who underwent tracheostomy. Study design Retrospective cohort study... 
Pediatrics | BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA | PEDIATRIC TRACHEOSTOMIES | CURRENT TRENDS | PHYSIOLOGICAL DEFINITION | LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT | CAFFEINE THERAPY | MECHANICAL VENTILATION | PEDIATRICS | NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES | EMOTIONAL ASSESSMENT | CHILDREN | Tracheostomy - methods | Confidence Intervals | Follow-Up Studies | Humans | Infant | Male | Infant, Premature, Diseases - mortality | Infant, Premature, Diseases - surgery | Case-Control Studies | Cause of Death | Incidence | Hospital Mortality - trends | Female | Retrospective Studies | Odds Ratio | Developmental Disabilities - diagnosis | Infant, Newborn | Length of Stay | Severity of Illness Index | Central Nervous System Diseases - epidemiology | Survivors | Infant, Premature, Diseases - diagnosis | Logistic Models | Gestational Age | Developmental Disabilities - therapy | Developmental Disabilities - epidemiology | Pregnancy | Infant, Extremely Premature | Poisson Distribution | Central Nervous System Diseases - diagnosis | Tracheostomy - adverse effects | Infants (Premature) | Tracheostomy | tracheotomy | neurodevelopmental impairment | prematurity | newborn | bronchopulmonary dysplasia | very low birth weight infant
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5. Full Text Outcomes of Preterm Infants following Discussions about Withdrawal or Withholding of Life Support
by James, Jennifer, MD and Munson, David, MD and DeMauro, Sara B., MD, MSCE and Langer, John C., MS and Dworetz, April R., MD and Natarajan, Girija, MD and Bidegain, Margarita, MD and Fortney, Christine A., PhD, RN and Seabrook, Ruth, MD and Vohr, Betty R., MD and Tyson, Jon E., MD, MPH and Bell, Edward F., MD and Poindexter, Brenda B., MD, MS and Shankaran, Seetha, MD and Higgins, Rosemary D., MD and Das, Abhik, PhD and Stoll, Barbara J., MD and Kirpalani, Haresh, MB, MSc and Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Ins and Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network
Journal of Pediatrics, The, ISSN 0022-3476, 2017, Volume 190, pp. 118 - 123.e4
Objectives To describe the frequency of postnatal discussions about withdrawal or withholding of life-sustaining therapy (WWLST), ensuing WWLST, and outcomes... 
Pediatrics | newborn | ethics | palliative care | prognosis | disability | MORTALITY | DECISIONS | BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS | UNIT | END-OF-LIFE | BRAIN-INJURY | PEDIATRICS | NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE | DEATH | NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS | Decision Making | Infant Mortality | Humans | Infant | Male | Survival Rate | Withholding Treatment - statistics & numerical data | Morbidity | Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - statistics & numerical data | Infant, Premature | Female | Registries | Retrospective Studies | Infant, Newborn | Life Support Care - statistics & numerical data
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6. Full Text Patient characteristics are important determinants of neurodevelopmental outcome at one year of age after neonatal and infant cardiac surgery
by Gaynor, J. William, MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Jarvik, Gail P., MD, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Zackai, Elaine, MD and Nord, Alex S., BA and Clancy, Robert R., MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, ISSN 0022-5223, 2007, Volume 133, Issue 5, pp. 1344 - 1353.e3
Objective Many studies of neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal and infant cardiac surgery have focused on potentially modifiable risk factors for adverse... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | NEUROLOGIC STATUS | TRIAL | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | GREAT-ARTERIES | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | HYPOTHERMIC CIRCULATORY ARREST | CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS | NEWBORNS | FLOW CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS | TRANSPOSITION | CHILDREN | Apolipoprotein E2 - genetics | Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery | Developmental Disabilities - etiology | Humans | Risk Factors | Genotype | Infant | Male | Cardiac Surgical Procedures - adverse effects | Cardiopulmonary Bypass | Polymorphism, Genetic | Neuropsychological Tests | Birth Weight | Heart Arrest, Induced | Hypothermia, Induced | Female | Child Development | Developmental Disabilities - diagnosis | Infant, Newborn | Infants (Newborn) | Health aspects | Children
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7. Full Text Neurodevelopmental outcomes in preschool survivors of the Fontan procedure
by Gaynor, J. William, MD and Ittenbach, Richard F., PhD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Clancy, Robert R., MD and McDonald-McGinn, Donna M., MS and Zackai, Elaine H., MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The, ISSN 0022-5223, 2014, Volume 147, Issue 4, pp. 1276 - 1283.e5
Objectives The study objectives were to compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preschool survivors of the Fontan procedure with those of children with... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | LEFT-HEART SYNDROME | FUNCTIONAL SINGLE VENTRICLE | INFANT CARDIAC-SURGERY | APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE | CHILDREN | Fontan Procedure | Prospective Studies | Nervous System - growth & development | Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery | Humans | Survivors | Child, Preschool | Female | Male | Heart | Genetic disorders | Early childhood education | Heart diseases
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8. Full Text Younger gestational age is associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes after cardiac surgery in infancy
by Goff, Donna A., MD, MS and Luan, Xianqun, MS and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and D’Agostino, Jo Ann, DNP and Rychik, Jack, MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Licht, Daniel J., MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Clancy, Robert R., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD and Gaynor, J. William, MD
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The, ISSN 0022-5223, 2012, Volume 143, Issue 3, pp. 535 - 542
Objective Evaluate the impact of near-term delivery on neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods Secondary... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | TERM INFANTS | SURGERY | POPULATION | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | LATE PRETERM INFANTS | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE | BIRTH-WEIGHT | RISK | BRAIN | Predictive Value of Tests | Age Factors | Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery | Humans | Memory | Child, Preschool | Infant | Male | Cardiac Surgical Procedures - adverse effects | Cognition | Child Behavior | Child Language | Social Behavior | Female | Child Development | Retrospective Studies | Developmental Disabilities - diagnosis | Executive Function | Motor Skills | Infant, Newborn | Impulsive Behavior | Psychomotor Performance | Risk Assessment | Developmental Disabilities - etiology | Risk Factors | Attention | Linear Models | Treatment Outcome | Gestational Age | Neuropsychological Tests | Infant, Premature | Philadelphia | Developmental Disabilities - psychology | Congenital heart disease | Genetic disorders | Coronary artery bypass | Coronary heart disease | Heart diseases | Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
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9. Full Text Postoperative electroencephalographic seizures are associated with deficits in executive function and social behaviors at 4 years of age following cardiac surgery in infancy
by Gaynor, J. William, MD and Jarvik, Gail P., MD, PhD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Kim, Daniel S., BS and Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, MS and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD and Clancy, Robert R., MD
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The, ISSN 0022-5223, 2013, Volume 146, Issue 1, pp. 132 - 139
Objective The occurrence of an electroencephalographic (EEG) seizure after surgery for complex congenital heart defects has been associated with worse... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | AMPLITUDE-INTEGRATED ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY | HYPOTHERMIC CIRCULATORY ARREST | APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE | HEART-SURGERY | FLOW CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS | NEONATAL SEIZURES | BRAIN | CHILDREN | Prospective Studies | Age Factors | Humans | Child, Preschool | Infant | Male | Cardiac Surgical Procedures - adverse effects | Electroencephalography | Mental Disorders - physiopathology | Seizures - physiopathology | Social Behavior | Seizures - etiology | Female | Executive Function | Mental Disorders - etiology | Genetic disorders | Seizures (Medicine) | Social aspects | Surgery | Medical genetics
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10. Full Text Deep Hypothermic circulatory arrest does not impair neurodevelopmental outcome in school-age children after infant cardiac surgery
by Fuller, Stephanie, MD and Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, MS and Jarvik, Gail P., MD, PhD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Clancy, Robert R., MD and Solot, Cynthia, MA, CCC and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD and Gaynor, J. William, MD
Annals of Thoracic Surgery, ISSN 0003-4975, 2010, Volume 90, Issue 6, pp. 1985 - 1995
Background The purpose of this study was to assess deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) as a modifier of neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes in preschool... 
Surgery | Cardiothoracic Surgery | TRIAL | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | GREAT-ARTERIES | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | BEHAVIOR | CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS | APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE | HEART-SURGERY | REGIONAL CEREBRAL PERFUSION | TRANSPOSITION
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11. Full Text Is cardiac diagnosis a predictor of neurodevelopmental outcome after cardiac surgery in infancy?
by Gaynor, J. William, MD and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Nord, Alex S., BA and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Zackai, Elaine, MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Clancy, Robert R., MD and Heagerty, Patrick J., PhD and Solot, Cynthia B., MA, CCC and McDonald-McGinn, Donna, MS, CGC and Jarvik, Gail P., MD, PhD
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The, ISSN 0022-5223, 2010, Volume 140, Issue 6, pp. 1230 - 1237
Objectives To determine whether a cardiac diagnosis is a predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes after infant cardiac surgery. Methods Infants with... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest | Hypoplastic left heart syndrome | Neurodevelopmental | Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation 2 | GFTA | HLHS | Cardiopulmonary bypass | Congenital heart defect | CPB | NEPSY | Apolipoprotein E | APOE | DHCA | CHD | SURGERY | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | IMPORTANT DETERMINANTS | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE | APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE | CHILDREN | AGE | Predictive Value of Tests | Cognition Disorders - physiopathology | Prospective Studies | Apolipoprotein E2 - genetics | Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery | Humans | Risk Factors | Child, Preschool | Infant | Male | Treatment Outcome | Executive Function - physiology | Neuropsychological Tests | Cognition Disorders - etiology | Hypothermia, Induced | Nervous System Diseases - etiology | Female | Heart Defects, Congenital - diagnosis | Child Development | Nervous System Diseases - physiopathology | Motor Skills | Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data | Congenital heart disease | Genetic disorders | Coronary artery bypass | Apolipoproteins | Coronary heart disease | Medical genetics
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12. Full Text Genetic factors are important determinants of neurodevelopmental outcome after repair of tetralogy of Fallot
by Zeltser, Ilana, MD and Jarvik, Gail P., MD, PhD and Bernbaum, Judy, MD and Wernovsky, Gil, MD and Nord, Alex S., BA and Gerdes, Marsha, PhD and Zackai, Elaine, MD and Clancy, Robert, MD and Nicolson, Susan C., MD and Spray, Thomas L., MD and Gaynor, J. William, MD
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, ISSN 0022-5223, 2008, Volume 135, Issue 1, pp. 91 - 97
Objective Adverse neurodevelopmental sequelae are common in children with congenital heart defects. Tetralogy of Fallot is part of the clinical phenotype of... 
Cardiothoracic Surgery | SURGERY | VENTRICULAR SEPTAL-DEFECT | CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS | GENOTYPE | INFANT CARDIAC-SURGERY | FLOW CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS | APOLIPOPROTEIN-E | CHILDREN | COGNITIVE DECLINE | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | HYPOTHERMIC CIRCULATORY ARREST | CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE | DURATION | Developmental Disabilities - etiology | Humans | Infant | Male | Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures - adverse effects | Developmental Disabilities - genetics | Syndrome | Polymorphism, Genetic | Neuropsychological Tests | Apolipoproteins E - genetics | Tetralogy of Fallot - surgery | Alleles | Genetic Diseases, Inborn - complications | Female | Infant, Newborn | Tetralogy of Fallot - complications | Tetralogy of Fallot | Genetic research
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