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1. Distant tyranny
: markets, power, and backwardness in Spain, 1650-1800
by Grafe, Regina
2012, The Princeton economic history of the Western world, ISBN 0691144842, xvii, 291
Spain's development from a premodern society into a modern unified nation-state with an integrated economy was painfully slow and varied widely by region.... 
Spain Economic conditions | Spain CommerceHistory | History | Decentralization in government | 1DSE | Economic History | HBJD | Europe | Business & Economics | Spain & Portugal | Economics | 18th century | Commerce | Economic conditions | 17th century | Spain | Regional disparities
Book
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2. Entre el mundo ibérico y el atlántico
: comercio y especialización regional, 1550-1650
by Grafe, Regina
2005, ISBN 9788477523963, 259
Historia económica | Comercio exterior | Castilla (Reino) | Tesis doctorales | Siglos XVI-XVII
Book
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3. Der spanische Seehandel mit Nordwesteuropa von der Mitte des sechzehnten bis zur Mitte des siebzehnten Jahrhunderts
: ein Forschungsüberblick
by Grafe, Regina
1998, Forschungen zu Spanien, ISBN 3881567046, Volume Bd. 19, 145
Europe, Northern CommerceHistory | Spain CommerceHistory
Book
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4. Distant tyranny
: markets, power, and backwardness in Spain, 1650-1800
by Grafe, Regina
2012, The Princeton economic history of the Western world, ISBN 0691144842
Spain Economic conditions | Spain CommerceHistory
Web Resource
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5. Distant tyranny
: markets, power, and backwardness in Spain, 1650-1800
by Grafe, Regina
2012, The Princeton economic history of the Western world, ISBN 0691144842
Spain Economic conditions | Spain CommerceHistory
Web Resource
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6. Full Text Empires of Charity: Imperial Legitimacy and Profitable Charity in Colonial Spanish America
by Grafe, Regina
New Global Studies, ISSN 1940-0004, 08/2018, Volume 12, Issue 2, pp. 131 - 155
This article investigates the institutionalization and the practices of charity that sustained imperial rule in the early modern Spanish Empire. The article... 
institutions | empire | sovereignty | race | legitimacy | charity | Sovereignty | Elites | Rural urban differences | Racial differences | Rural areas | Hegemony | 18th century | Governance | Charities | Ethics | Empires | Colonialism | Financial support | Social interest | Caste systems
Journal Article
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7. Full Text La Guerra de Sucesión de España (1700–1714). By Joaquim Albareda Salvadó. Serie Mayor, volume 1.Barcelona: Crítica, 2010. Pp. 592. €29.00
by Grafe, Regina
The Journal of Modern History, ISSN 0022-2801, 06/2013, Volume 85, Issue 2, pp. 456 - 458
Journal Article
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8. Full Text Into the Archive: Writing and Power in Colonial Peru. By Kathryn Burns. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2010. Pp. xv, 247. $22.95, paper
by GRAFE, REGINA
The Journal of Economic History, ISSN 0022-0507, 03/2012, Volume 72, Issue 1, pp. 276 - 278
Journal Article
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9. Full Text On the spatial nature of institutions and the institutional nature of personal networks in the Spanish Atlantic
by Grafe, Regina
Culture & History Digital Journal, ISSN 2253-797X, 06/2014, Volume 3, Issue 1, p. e006
Studies of commercial, cultural and political networks in the Atlantic tend to juxtapose the soft ties of networks to the hard rules of imperial law and trade... 
formal and informal institutions | instituciones formales e informales | Networks | mercaderes ingleses | País Vasco | English merchants | siglo XVII | consulados | Basque Country | redes | 17th century
Journal Article
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10. Full Text Edge of crisis: war and trade in the Spanish Atlantic, 1789-1808 - By Barbara H. Stein and Stanley J. Stein
: BOOK REVIEWS
by GRAFE, REGINA
The Economic History Review, ISSN 0013-0117, 08/2011, Volume 64, Issue 3, pp. 1057 - 1058
Journal Article
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11. Full Text A stakeholder empire: the political economy of Spanish imperial rule in America
by REGINA GRAFE and ALEJANDRA IRIGOIN
The Economic History Review, ISSN 0013-0117, 5/2012, Volume 65, Issue 2, pp. 609 - 651
This article revises the traditional view of Spain as a predatory colonial state that extracted revenue from natural resources and populations in the Americas... 
Silver | Merchants | Taxes | Corporations | Colonies | Revenue | Viceroys | Taxation | Political economy | Economic history | PERFORMANCE | REVOLUTION | HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES | STATE | FRANCE | INSTITUTIONS | NEW-SPAIN | GROWTH | ECONOMICS | ENGLAND | PERU | GOVERNMENT | HISTORY | Studies | Imperialism | Colonial period-US
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12. Full Text The Rise and Fall of the Merchant Guilds: Re-thinking the Comparative Study of Commercial Institutions in Premodern Europe
by Regina Grafe and Oscar Gelderblom
The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, ISSN 0022-1953, 4/2010, Volume 40, Issue 4, pp. 477 - 511
Although the importance of merchant guilds for the commercial development of Europe is beyond doubt, scholars do not agree about why they emerged, persisted,... 
Datasets | Statistical significance | Trade | Merchants | Communities | Guilds | Public goods | Political representation | Economic history | Contract enforcement | Articles | MEDIEVAL | ENFORCEMENT | HISTORY | History | Commerce | European history | Industrial development | International trade
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13. Full Text The strange tale of the decline of Spanish shipping
by Grafe, Regina
Global Economic History Series, ISSN 1872-5155, 2011, Volume 7, pp. 81 - 115
Conference Proceeding
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14. Full Text A stakeholder empire: the political economy of Spanish imperial rule in America1
: SPANISH IMPERIAL RULE
by GRAFE, REGINA and IRIGOIN, ALEJANDRA
The Economic History Review, ISSN 0013-0117, 05/2012, Volume 65, Issue 2, pp. 609 - 651
Journal Article
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15. Entre el mundo ibérico y el atlántico
: comercio y especialización regional, 1550-1650
by Grafe, Regina
2005, ISBN 9788477523963
Cantabria (Spain) CommerceHistory | Castile (Spain) CommerceHistory
Government Document
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16. Full Text Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400-1800. Edited by S. R. Epstein and Maarten Prak (New York, Cambridge University Press, 2008) 360 pp. $99.00
by Grafe, Regina
Journal of Interdisciplinary History, ISSN 0022-1953, 07/2009, Volume 40, Issue 1, pp. 78 - 82
Reviews
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17. Full Text Bargaining for Absolutism: A Spanish Path to Nation-State and Empire Building
by Alejandra Irigoin and Regina Grafe
Hispanic American Historical Review, ISSN 0018-2168, 05/2008, Volume 88, Issue 2, pp. 173 - 209
Social scientists use the history of Spain and her empire as a standard against which they establish the relatively superior efficiency of Anglo-Saxon... 
CORTES | CASTILE | HISTORY | Fiscal policy | Royalty | Political systems | Negotiations | Military policy
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18. Full Text Library of economic history
by Vries, Peer and Grafe, Regina
Library of Economic History, ISSN 1877-3206, 2012, Volume 3, pp. 1 - 258
Conference Proceeding
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19. Full Text The Spanish Empire and its legacy: fiscal redistribution and political conflict in colonial and post-colonial Spanish America
by Grafe, Regina and Irigoin, Maria Alejandra
Journal of Global History, ISSN 1740-0228, 7/2006, Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 241 - 267
The comparative history of the Americas has been used to identify factors determining long-term economic growth. One approach, new institutional economics... 
HISTORY
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20. Full Text The rise and fall of the merchant guilds: re-thinking the comparative study of commercial institutions in premodern Europe
by Gelderblom, Oscar and Grafe, Regina
Journal of interdisciplinary history, ISSN 0022-1953, 04/2010, Volume XL, Issue 4, pp. 477 - 512
Although the importance of merchant guilds for the commercial development of Europe is beyond doubt, scholars do not agree about why they emerged, persisted,... 
Journal Article
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