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1. Full Text Probiotics reduce inflammation in antiretroviral treated, HIV-infected individuals: Results of the "Probio-HIV" clinical trial
by D'Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Calantone, Nina and De Girolamo, Gabriella and Bianchi, Luigi and Bellelli, Valeria and Ascoli-Bartoli, Tommaso and Marcellini, Sonia and Turriziani, Ombretta and Brenchley, Jason M and Vullo, Vincenzo
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 09/2015, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. e0137200
Background HIV infection results in damage to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, microbial translocation and immune activation. These are not completely... 
MUCOSAL IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION | ACTIVATION | THERAPY | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | IN-VIVO | REGULATORY T-CELLS | DOUBLE-BLIND | COAGULATION | HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS | MICROBIAL TRANSLOCATION | DECLINE | Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacology | HIV Infections - diet therapy | Humans | Middle Aged | Aging - drug effects | Male | Combined Modality Therapy | Probiotics - pharmacology | Dysbiosis - complications | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | HIV Infections - immunology | HIV Infections - microbiology | Inflammation - complications | Inflammation - diet therapy | Aging - immunology | Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects | HIV Infections - complications | Adult | Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use | Female | Probiotics - therapeutic use | Aged | Longitudinal Studies | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - drug effects | Probiotics | Usage | Patient outcomes | Clinical trials | Dosage and administration | Inflammation | Research | Drug therapy | Protein binding
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2. Full Text Probiotics differently affect gut-associated lymphoid tissue indolamine-2, 3-dioxygenase mRNA and cerebrospinal fluid neopterin levels in antiretroviral-treated HIV-1 infected patients: A pilot study
by Scagnolari, Carolina and Scheri, Giuseppe Corano and Selvaggi, Carla and Schietroma, Ivan and Fard, Saeid Najafi and Mastrangelo, Andrea and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Pinacchio, Claudia and Pavone, Paolo and Fanello, Gianfranco and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Vullo, Vincenzo and D’Ettorre, Gabriella
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, ISSN 1661-6596, 10/2016, Volume 17, Issue 10, pp. 1639 - 1639
Recently the tryptophan pathway has been considered an important determinant of HIV-1 infected patients' quality of life, due to the toxic effects of its... 
HIV-1 | Tryptophan | CNS | Neopterin | IDO | HAND | QUINOLINIC ACID LEVELS | PERMEABILITY | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | MICROBIOTA | SERUM | neopterin | CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | HIV-INFECTION | IMMUNE ACTIVATION | CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | tryptophan | IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME | BRAIN | BLOOD
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3. Full Text Reconstitution of intestinal CD4 and Th17 T cells in antiretroviral therapy suppressed HIV-infected subjects: Implication for residual immune activation from the results of a clinical trial
by D'Ettorre, Gabriella and Baroncelli, Silvia and Micci, Luca and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Andreotti, Mauro and Sharma, Prachi and Fanello, Gianfranco and Fiocca, Fausto and Cavallari, Eugenio Nelson and Giustini, Noemi and Mallano, Alessandra and Galluzzo, Clementina M and Vella, Stefano and Mastroianni, Claudio M and Silvestri, Guido and Paiardini, Mirko and Vullo, Vincenzo
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 10/2014, Volume 9, Issue 10, p. e109791
Introduction: During HIV infection the severe depletion of intestinal CD4(+) T-cells is associated with microbial translocation, systemic immune activation,... 
LYMPHOID-TISSUE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | POSITIVE PATIENTS | AIDS | DEPLETION | HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS | RESTORATION | HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS | NATURAL SIV HOSTS | MICROBIAL TRANSLOCATION | GUT MUCOSA | HIV Infections - blood | Immunohistochemistry | Cell Proliferation | Intestines - pathology | HIV Infections - virology | Humans | Middle Aged | Male | Interleukin-17 - biosynthesis | Viral Load - immunology | Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | HIV Infections - immunology | Lipopolysaccharides - blood | Lymphocyte Activation - immunology | Th17 Cells - immunology | Adult | HIV Infections - drug therapy | Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis | Infection | Antiviral agents | Clinical trials | Inflammation | T cells | Health aspects | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | Cell proliferation | Therapy | rRNA 16S | Laboratories | CD8 antigen | Mucosa | Helper cells | Lymphocytes T | Infections | Activation | CD14 antigen | Blood | Lipopolysaccharides | Cell activation | Microorganisms | Immunology | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome--AIDS | Lymphocytes | Antiretroviral agents | Intestine | Human immunodeficiency virus--HIV | Pretreatment | Endoscopy | Drug therapy | Digestive tract | Public health | Chronic illnesses | Immune system | Translocation | Antiretroviral drugs | Digestive system | Markers | Gene expression | Antiretroviral therapy | CD4 antigen | Medicine | Studies | Cytometry | Pathology | Infectious diseases | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome | HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus
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4. Full Text What happens to cardiovascular system behind the undetectable level of HIV viremia?
by d'Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Pavone, Paolo and Vittozzi, Pietro and De Girolamo, Gabriella and Schietroma, Ivan and Serafino, Sara and Giustini, Noemi and Vullo, Vincenzo
AIDS Research and Therapy, ISSN 1742-6405, 04/2016, Volume 13, Issue 1, p. 21
Despite the combined antiretroviral therapy has improved the length and quality of life of HIV infected patients, the survival of these patients is always... 
Premature aging | HIV | Cardiovascular diseases | CARV | INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS | INFECTIOUS DISEASES | ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION | ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS | cARV | PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION | AIDS-DEFINING EVENTS | ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION | IMMUNE ACTIVATION | INFECTED PATIENTS | Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology | Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology | Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects | Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control | Humans | Risk Factors | Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - adverse effects | Viremia - drug therapy | Viremia - complications | HIV Infections - complications | Aging | Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology | Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use | HIV Infections - drug therapy | Cardiovascular disease | Patients | Human immunodeficiency virus--HIV
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5. Full Text IFN-stimulated gene expression is independent of the IFNL4 genotype in chronic HIV-1 infection
by Monteleone, Katia and Scheri, Giuseppe Corano and Statzu, Maura and Selvaggi, Carla and Falasca, Francesca and Giustini, Noemi and Mezzaroma, Ivano and Turriziani, Ombretta and d’Ettorre, Gabriella and Antonelli, Guido and Scagnolari, Carolina
Archives of Virology, ISSN 0304-8608, 11/2016, Volume 161, Issue 11, pp. 3263 - 3268
This study aimed to evaluate the association between the IFNL4 rs368234815 (ΔG/TT) dinucleotide polymorphism and the IFN response during chronic HIV-1... 
HIV-1 | IFN | Medical Microbiology | Biomedicine | ISGs | SNP | Infectious Diseases | IFNL4 | Virology | CLEARANCE | CELLS | III INTERFERONS | INNATE | ALPHA | POLYMORPHISM | IL28B | VIROLOGY | HEPATITIS-C VIRUS | INTERFERON-LAMBDA FAMILY | ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY | Humans | Middle Aged | RNA, Messenger - analysis | Genotype | Male | Gene Expression Profiling | Genotyping Techniques | Polymorphism, Genetic | HIV Infections - immunology | Interleukins - genetics | Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology | Adult | Female | Immunologic Factors - biosynthesis | Highly active antiretroviral therapy | Enzymes | RNA | Analysis | Genes | Genetic research | Genetic aspects | HIV (Viruses) | Apolipoproteins | Gene expression | Health aspects
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6. Full Text Dominant enrichment of phenotypically activated CD38+HLA‐DR+CD8+ T cells, rather than CD38+HLA‐DR+CD4+ T cells, in HIV/HCV coinfected patients on antiretroviral therapy
by d'Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Serafino, Sara and Giustini, Noemi and Cavallari, Eugenio Nelson and Bianchi, Luigi and Pavone, Paolo and Bellelli, Valeria and Turriziani, Ombretta and Antonelli, Guido and Stroffolini, Tommaso and Vullo, Vincenzo
Journal of Medical Virology, ISSN 0146-6615, 08/2016, Volume 88, Issue 8, pp. 1347 - 1356
HIV infection may enhance immune‐activation, while little is known regarding the role of HCV infection. This study investigates the impact of HCV in HIV... 
HLA‐DR | CD38 | HIV/HCV coinfection | flow cytometry | immune activation | Flow cytometry | Immune activation | HLA-DR | LIVER FIBROSIS | HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS | NATURAL-HISTORY | IMPACT | CD4 | HIV-INFECTION | VIROLOGY | HEPATITIS-C VIRUS | DISEASE | PROGRESSION | T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology | ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 - analysis | HLA-DR Antigens | Hepacivirus - immunology | Humans | Middle Aged | Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology | Male | Viral Load | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | HIV Infections - immunology | Flow Cytometry | HIV-1 - isolation & purification | Adult | Female | Hepacivirus - isolation & purification | Lymphocyte Activation | Coinfection - immunology | HIV Infections - virology | CD4 Lymphocyte Count | Coinfection - virology | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy | Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active | HIV-1 - immunology | Phenotype | Hepatitis C, Chronic - immunology | HIV Infections - drug therapy | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Highly active antiretroviral therapy | Antiviral agents | Care and treatment | Comorbidity | HIV patients | T cells | Hepatitis C virus | Genotype & phenotype | Antiretroviral drugs | T cell receptors | Human immunodeficiency virus--HIV
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7. Full Text Analysis of Th17 and Tc17 Frequencies and Antiviral Defenses in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of Chronic HIV-1 Positive Patients
by D'Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Andreotti, Mauro and Selvaggi, Carla and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Schietroma, Ivan and Nunnari, Giuseppe and Antonelli, Guido and Vullo, Vincenzo and Scagnolari, Carolina
Mediators of Inflammation, ISSN 0962-9351, 2015, Volume 2015, pp. 395484 - 11
The complex relationship between both the Th1/Th17 and Tc1/Tc17 axis and innate defences in the intestinal mucosa during HIV-1 infection has not been well... 
INTERFERON | T-CELL RESPONSES | THERAPY | MUCOSAL REPAIR | IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION | VIRAL SUPPRESSION | IN-VIVO | HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS | RESTORATION | IMMUNOLOGY | EXPRESSION | CELL BIOLOGY | Humans | Middle Aged | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism | Cells, Cultured | Lymphoid Tissue - metabolism | Male | Th1 Cells - metabolism | Young Adult | HIV Infections - immunology | Lymphoid Tissue - cytology | Th17 Cells - metabolism | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism | ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 - metabolism | Adult | Studies | Art therapy | Genotype & phenotype | Hospitals | Infectious diseases | Cytokines | Biopsy | Lymphocytes | Infections | Endoscopy | Gene expression | Public health
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8. Full Text Taming HIV-Related Inflammation with Physical Activity: A Matter of Timing
by d'Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Giustini, Noemi and Mastroianni, Claudio M and Silvestri, Guido and Vullo, Vincenzo
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, ISSN 0889-2229, 10/2014, Volume 30, Issue 10, pp. 936 - 944
Many sets of data indicate that HIV-infected individuals maintain a low level of chronic immune activation and inflammation even in the presence of effective... 
Review Article | INFECTIOUS DISEASES | ITALIAN GUIDELINES | METABOLIC SYNDROME | CHRONIC IMMUNE ACTIVATION | IMMUNOLOGY | HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS | VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY | EXERCISE | VIROLOGY | ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS | INFECTED PATIENTS | DIAGNOSTIC-CLINICAL MANAGEMENT | ARTERY-DISEASE | HIV Infections - immunology | Inflammation - complications | Exercise | Humans | HIV Infections - complications | Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use | HIV Infections - drug therapy | Inflammation - prevention & control | Review
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9. Full Text Probiotic supplementation promotes a reduction in T‐cell activation, an increase in Th17 frequencies, and a recovery of intestinal epithelium integrity and mitochondrial morphology in ART‐treated HIV‐1‐positive patients
by d'Ettorre, Gabriella and Rossi, Giacomo and Scagnolari, Carolina and Andreotti, Mauro and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Schietroma, Ivan and Scheri, Giuseppe Corano and Fard, Saeid Najafi and Trinchieri, Vito and Mastromarino, Paola and Selvaggi, Carla and Scarpona, Silvia and Fanello, Gianfranco and Fiocca, Fausto and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Antonelli, Guido and Brenchley, Jason M and Vullo, Vincenzo
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, ISSN 2050-4527, 09/2017, Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 244 - 260
Introduction HIV infection is characterized by a persistent immune activation associated to a compromised gut barrier immunity and alterations in the profile... 
IELs | HSP60 | GALT | Tc1 | GUT | apoptosis | HIV‐1 | immunity | T‐cell activation | Tc17 | Th1 | Th17 | probiotics | HIV-1 | Immunity | T-cell activation | Probiotics | Apoptosis | HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS | DEPLETION | MUCOSAL | IMMUNOLOGY | INFLAMMATION | DOUBLE-BLIND | DYNAMICS | MICROBIAL TRANSLOCATION | EXPRESSION | INTRAEPITHELIAL LYMPHOCYTES | Probiotics - administration & dosage | Th1 Cells - pathology | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - pathology | Humans | Middle Aged | HIV Seropositivity - drug therapy | Male | Mitochondria - immunology | Mitochondria - pathology | Th1 Cells - immunology | HIV-1 - immunology | Intestinal Mucosa - immunology | Lymphocyte Activation - drug effects | Anti-Retroviral Agents - administration & dosage | Th17 Cells - immunology | Adult | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | HIV Seropositivity - immunology | HIV Seropositivity - pathology | Intestinal Mucosa - pathology | Th17 Cells - pathology | Antiretroviral drugs | T cell receptors | Human immunodeficiency virus--HIV | Morphology
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10. Full Text Direct-acting antiviral therapy enhances total CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells responses, but does not alter T-cells activation among HCV mono-infected, and HCV/HIV-1 co-infected patients
by Najafi Fard, Saeid and Schietroma, Ivan and Corano Scheri, Giuseppe and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Cavallari, Eugenio Nelson and Pinacchio, Claudia and De Girolamo, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Scagnolari, Carolina and Vullo, Vincenzo and d’Ettorre, Gabriella
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology, ISSN 2210-7401, 09/2018, Volume 42, Issue 4, pp. 319 - 329
Chronic immune activation and poor T-cell immune response are strongly associated with disease progression and pathogenesis of both hepatitis C virus (HCV) and... 
Immune activation | T-cell | Hepatitis C virus | Direct-acting antiviral | Intracellular cytokine assay | Human immunodeficiency virus-1 | GAMMA | LIVER INFLAMMATION | PLUS RIBAVIRIN | INTERFERON-FREE THERAPY | VIRUS-INFECTION | CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C | RIBAVIRIN THERAPY | HIV/HCV-COINFECTED PATIENTS | GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY | INCREASED FREQUENCY | Coinfection | Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use | Lymphocyte Activation | Humans | Middle Aged | Male | Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy | Case-Control Studies | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | HIV Infections - immunology | Flow Cytometry | Hepatitis C, Chronic - immunology | Adult | Female | HIV Infections - drug therapy | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Cytokines - blood
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11. Full Text Recovery of Interleukin-17 Production from Interleukin-15-Stimulated CD4+ Mononuclear Cells in HIV-1-Infected Patients with Sustained Viral Suppression
by Zaffiri, Lorenzo and d'Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Andreotti, Mauro and Marcellini, Sonia and Giustini, Noemi and Ascoli-Bartoli, Tommaso and Mastroianni, Claudio M and Vella, Stefano and Vullo, Vincenzo
Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research, ISSN 1079-9907, 01/2014, Volume 34, Issue 1, pp. 35 - 40
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is mainly produced by CD4+ T cells. The role of Th17 during the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1... 
Research Reports | IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | CYTOKINE | IMMUNOLOGY | HELPER T-CELLS | CELL BIOLOGY | RESPONSES | GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA | IL-17 | HUMAN TH17 CELLS | DIFFERENTIATION | HIV-1 INFECTION | EXPRESSION | Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacology | CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | HIV Infections - immunology | Virus Replication - drug effects | HIV Infections - virology | Humans | Interleukin-17 - immunology | Interleukin-15 - antagonists & inhibitors | Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use | HIV Infections - drug therapy | Interleukin-17 - biosynthesis | Interleukin-15 - immunology
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12. Full Text Probiotics Reduce Inflammation in Antiretroviral Treated, HIV-Infected Individuals: Results of the “Probio-HIV” Clinical Trial
by d’Ettorre, Gabriella and Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Calantone, Nina and De Girolamo, Gabriella and Bianchi, Luigi and Bellelli, Valeria and Ascoli-Bartoli, Tommaso and Marcellini, Sonia and Turriziani, Ombretta and Brenchley, Jason M and Vullo, Vincenzo
PLOS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 09/2015, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. e0137200
Background HIV infection results in damage to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, microbial translocation and immune activation. These are not completely... 
C-reactive protein | CD8 antigen | Clinical trials | Life assessment | Activation | Lymphocytes T | Immunity | Interleukin 6 | Cell activation | Microorganisms | Immunology | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome--AIDS | Lymphocytes | Antiretroviral agents | CD38 antigen | Human immunodeficiency virus--HIV | Peripheral blood | Supplementation | Translocation | Antiretroviral drugs | Statistical analysis | Enumeration | Immune response | Complications | Dietary supplements | Markers | Attorneys | Gastrointestinal tract | Inflammation | Ribonucleic acid--RNA | Patients | Morbidity | Antiretroviral therapy | CD4 antigen | Probiotics | Plasma levels | Histocompatibility antigen HLA | RNA | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome | Ribonucleic acid | AIDS | HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus
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13. Full Text A pilot study on the effects of probiotic supplementation on neuropsychological performance and microRNA‐29a‐c levels in antiretroviral‐treated HIV‐1‐infected patients
by Ceccarelli, Giancarlo and Fratino, Mariangela and Selvaggi, Carla and Giustini, Noemi and Serafino, Sara and Schietroma, Ivan and Corano Scheri, Giuseppe and Pavone, Paolo and Passavanti, Giulia and Alunni Fegatelli, Danilo and Mezzaroma, Ivano and Antonelli, Guido and Vullo, Vincenzo and Scagnolari, Carolina and d'Ettorre, Gabriella
Brain and Behavior, ISSN 2162-3279, 08/2017, Volume 7, Issue 8, pp. e00756 - n/a
Introduction The gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of cognition, mood, anxiety, and pain, and can impact cognitive functions by producing... 
miRNA | miRNA‐29 | neuropsychological performance | HIV | probiotics | miRNA-29 | DEPRESSION | BEHAVIOR | MICROBIOTA | NEUROSCIENCES | THERAPY | DISEASE | INFANTIS | GUT-BRAIN AXIS | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS | Probiotics - administration & dosage | Anti-Retroviral Agents - therapeutic use | MicroRNAs - cerebrospinal fluid | HIV-1 - drug effects | HIV Infections - virology | Humans | Middle Aged | HIV Infections - psychology | Male | Mental Recall - drug effects | Cognition - drug effects | Neuropsychological Tests | Attention - physiology | Pilot Projects | HIV-1 - isolation & purification | Mental Recall - physiology | Attention - drug effects | Adult | Female | HIV Infections - drug therapy | Dietary Supplements | Antiviral agents | Care and treatment | Safety regulations | MicroRNA | Metabolites | Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) | Analysis | HIV patients | Anxiety | HIV (Viruses)
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