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animals (73) 73
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1. Full Text Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Channels: From Genes to Function
by Martin Biel and Christian Wahl-Schott and Stylianos Michalakis and Xiangang Zong
Physiological Reviews, ISSN 0031-9333, 07/2009, Volume 89, Issue 3, pp. 847 - 885
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels comprise a small subfamily of proteins within the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels.... 
THALAMOCORTICAL RELAY NEURONS | PHYSIOLOGY | SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS | VOLTAGE-CLAMP ANALYSIS | NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNELS | RAT VENTRICULAR MYOCYTES | RABBIT SINOATRIAL NODE | CURRENT I-H | HCN PACEMAKER CHANNELS | CA1 PYRAMIDAL NEURONS | LATERAL GENICULATE-NUCLEUS | Amino Acid Sequence | Channelopathies - physiopathology | Heart - physiology | Humans | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - genetics | Potassium Channels - physiology | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - physiology | Molecular Sequence Data | Mice, Knockout | Potassium Channels - genetics | Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels | Ion Channel Gating - physiology | Animals | Nervous System Physiological Phenomena | Mice | Disease Models, Animal | Polarization (Electricity) | Biological transport | Analysis | Physiological aspects | Nervous system | Ion channels | Research
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2. Full Text Tissue distribution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and search for active demethylation intermediates
by Globisch, Daniel and Münzel, Martin and Müller, Markus and Michalakis, Stylianos and Wagner, Mirko and Koch, Susanne and Brückl, Tobias and Biel, Martin and Carell, Thomas
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 2010, Volume 5, Issue 12, p. e15367
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) was recently detected as the sixth base in mammalian tissue at so far controversial levels. The function of the modified base is... 
DEAMINATION | REPAIR | DNA METHYLATION | 5-METHYLCYTOSINE | METABOLISM | CONVERSION | QUANTIFICATION | BIOLOGY | NEURONS | GLYCOSYLASE ACTIVITY | DAMAGE | Cytosine - analogs & derivatives | Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods | Models, Chemical | 5-Methylcytosine - analogs & derivatives | Calibration | Cytosine - chemistry | Immunohistochemistry - methods | Tissue Distribution | DNA Methylation | Animals | Cytosine - metabolism | Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization - methods | Oxygen - chemistry | Mice | Chromatography, Liquid - methods | Mass Spectrometry - methods | Immunohistochemistry | Pyrimidines | High performance liquid chromatography | Neurophysiology | Deformation | Central nervous system | Science | Lipid peroxidation | Nervous system | Tissues | Neurogenesis | Proteins | Demethylation | DNA methylation | Carboxyl group | Oxidation | Deoxyribonucleic acid--DNA | Iodine | Urine | Enzymes | Liquid chromatography | Mammals | High-performance liquid chromatography | Chromatography | Intermediates | Hypotheses | Decarboxylation | Pharmacy | Stem cells | Epigenetics | Biomarkers | Scientific imaging | Mass spectrometry | Deoxyribonucleic acid | DNA
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3. Full Text Retinal cyclic nucleotide-gated channels: From pathophysiology to therapy
by Michalakis, Stylianos and Becirovic, Elvir and Biel, Martin and Elvir Becirovic and Stylianos Michalakis and Martin Biel
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, ISSN 1661-6596, 03/2018, Volume 19, Issue 3, p. 749
The first step in vision is the absorption of photons by the photopigments in cone and rod photoreceptors. After initial amplification within the... 
Channelopathies | Vision | Photoreceptor | CGMP | Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel | Gene therapy | CNG | Knockout | knockout | ALPHA-SUBUNIT | RECOMBINANT AAV VECTOR | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | channelopathies | photoreceptor | cGMP | gene therapy | CONE FUNCTION | CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | MICE LACKING | TOTAL COLOURBLINDNESS | cyclic nucleotide-gated channel | vision | GENE AUGMENTATION THERAPY | Ca2 | MOUSE MODEL | BIODISTRIBUTION EVALUATION | ION CHANNELS | BETA-SUBUNIT | Genetic Therapy | Retina - metabolism | Signal Transduction | Channelopathies - physiopathology | Channelopathies - etiology | Humans | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - genetics | Mice, Transgenic | Channelopathies - metabolism | Structure-Activity Relationship | Channelopathies - therapy | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - chemistry | Animals | Light Signal Transduction | Vision, Ocular | Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism | Biomarkers | Ion Channel Gating | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - metabolism | Animal models | Adenosine monophosphate | Calcium | Guanosine | Photopigments | Cyclic AMP | Ions | Retina | Photons | Proteins | Phototransduction | Reviews | Cyclic GMP | Ion channels (ligand-gated) | Photoreceptors | Ion channels | Potassium channels (voltage-gated) | Membrane potential | Charged particles | Hyperpolarization | Calcium ions | Ion channels (cyclic nucleotide-gated)
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4. Full Text Tet oxidizes thymine to 5-hydroxymethyluracil in mouse embryonic stem cell DNA
by Pfaffeneder, T and Spada, F and Wagner, M and Brandmayr, C and Laube, S.K and Eisen, D and Truss, M and Steinbacher, J and Hackner, B and Kotljarova, O and Schuermann, D and Michalakis, S and Kosmatchev, O and Schiesser, S and Steigenberger, B and Raddaoui, N and Kashiwazaki, G and Muller, U and Spruijt, C.G and Vermeulen, M and Leonhardt, H and Schar, P and Muller, M and Carell, T
Nature Chemical Biology, ISSN 1552-4450, 2014, Volume 10, Issue 7, pp. 574 - 581
Ten eleven translocation (Tet) enzymes oxidize the epigenetically important DNA base 5-methylcytosine (mC) stepwise to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC),... 
GLYCOSYLASE | DEAMINATION | BASE EXCISION-REPAIR | MAMMALIAN DNA | 5-METHYLCYTOSINE | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | METHYL-GROUP | PLURIPOTENCY | 5-CARBOXYLCYTOSINE | 5-FORMYLCYTOSINE | ACTIVE-DEMETHYLATION | Cytosine - analogs & derivatives | Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism | Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology | 5-Methylcytosine - analogs & derivatives | Carbon Isotopes | Molecular Sequence Data | DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism | Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | Cytosine - metabolism | Pentoxyl - analogs & derivatives | Base Sequence | Chromatography, Liquid | Thymine - metabolism | Proto-Oncogene Proteins - metabolism | Gene Expression | Oxidation-Reduction | Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly | Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics | DNA - metabolism | Transcription Factors - genetics | DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics | Pentoxyl - metabolism | Transcription Factors - metabolism | Animals | Protein Binding | Mice | Proteins | Enzymes | Chromatin | Stem cells | Epigenetics | Embryos | Deoxyribonucleic acid--DNA
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5. Full Text Gene therapy for achromatopsia
by Michalakis, Stylianos and Schön, Christian and Becirovic, Elvir and Biel, Martin
The Journal of Gene Medicine, ISSN 1099-498X, 03/2017, Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. e2944 - n/a
The present review summarizes the current status of achromatopsia (ACHM) gene therapy‐related research activities and provides an outlook for their clinical... 
adeno‐associated virus (AAV) | gene therapy | viral vector | animal model | clinical research | neuroscience | adeno-associated virus (AAV) | LONG-TERM | MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | RESTORATION | CONE FUNCTION | MICE LACKING | DEGENERATION | BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY | MOUSE MODEL | GENETICS & HEREDITY | CNGB3 | CNGA3 | MUTATIONS | DYSFUNCTION | Dependovirus - genetics | Genetic Predisposition to Disease | Humans | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - genetics | Treatment Outcome | Clinical Trials as Topic | Color Vision Defects - therapy | Color Vision Defects - genetics | Genetic Vectors - genetics | Animals | Color Vision Defects - diagnosis | Mutation | Drug Evaluation, Preclinical | Transgenes | Disease Models, Animal | Genetic Therapy - methods | Care and treatment | Genetic vectors | Gene therapy | Color blindness | Analysis | Genes
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6. Full Text Retinal gene delivery by adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors: Strategies and applications
by Schön, Christian and Biel, Martin and Michalakis, Stylianos
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, ISSN 0939-6411, 09/2015, Volume 95, Issue Pt B, pp. 343 - 352
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are the most widely used vehicle systems for neuronal gene transfer. This popularity is based on the non-pathogenic nature... 
Adeno-associated virus | Intravitreal injection | Retina | AAV genome | AAV capsid | Gene therapy | Subretinal injection | LONG-TERM | VIRAL VECTOR | RESTORES VISUAL RESPONSES | GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR | LEBER CONGENITAL AMAUROSIS | TRANSGENIC RAT MODEL | HIGH-EFFICIENCY TRANSDUCTION | MOUSE MODEL | CELL-TYPE SPECIFICITY | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | EXPRESSION IN-VIVO | Dependovirus - genetics | Gene Transfer Techniques | Retinal Diseases - genetics | Retina - metabolism | Animals | Genetic Vectors - administration & dosage | Retina - cytology | Humans | Gene Expression Regulation | Retinal Diseases - therapy | Genetic Therapy - methods | Genetic vectors
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7. Full Text Age‐Dependent Levels of 5‐Methyl‐, 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐, and 5‐Formylcytosine in Human and Mouse Brain Tissues
by Wagner, Mirko and Steinbacher, Jessica and Kraus, Theo F. J and Michalakis, Stylianos and Hackner, Benjamin and Pfaffeneder, Toni and Perera, Arshan and Müller, Markus and Giese, Armin and Kretzschmar, Hans A and Carell, Thomas
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, ISSN 1433-7851, 10/2015, Volume 54, Issue 42, pp. 12511 - 12514
The absolute levels of 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) and 5‐methylcytosine (mC) in human brain tissues at various ages were determined. Additionally, absolute... 
cerebral cortex | 5‐formylcytosine | aging | 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine | epigenetics | 5-formylcytosine | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine | METHYLATION | MAMMALIAN DNA | QUANTIFICATION | HYDROXYMETHYLATION | THYMINE | TET PROTEINS | CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | STEM-CELL DNA | CALORIC RESTRICTION | ACTIVE DNA DEMETHYLATION | 5-CARBOXYLCYTOSINE | Cytosine - analogs & derivatives | 5-Methylcytosine - analysis | Age Factors | Humans | Middle Aged | Child, Preschool | Infant | Brain - metabolism | Young Adult | Animals | Adolescent | Aged, 80 and over | Adult | Aged | Mice | Child | Cytosine - analysis | Epigenetic inheritance | Brain | Pharmacy | Age | Human | Cerebral cortex | Neurons | Age determination | Organs | Organisms | Adults | Communications
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8. Full Text Quantification of the Sixth DNA Base Hydroxymethylcytosine in the Brain
by Münzel, Martin and Globisch, Daniel and Brückl, Tobias and Wagner, Mirko and Welzmiller, Veronika and Michalakis, Stylianos and Müller, Markus and Biel, Martin and Carell, Thomas
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, ISSN 1433-7851, 07/2010, Volume 49, Issue 31, pp. 5375 - 5377
Mind over matter: LC‐MS has allowed the amount of the post‐replicatively formed DNA base 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (see picture; left) to be quantified in brain... 
demethylation | DNA methylation | DNA modification | hydroxymethylcytosine | epigenetics | Epigenetics | Demethylation | Hydroxymethylcytosine | OXIDATION | METHYLATION | 5-METHYLCYTOSINE | PRODUCTS | ANALOGS | 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE | CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | Cytosine - analogs & derivatives | DNA - isolation & purification | DNA Methylation | Animals | DNA - analysis | 5-Methylcytosine - analogs & derivatives | Brain Chemistry | Mice | Cytosine - analysis
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9. Full Text Gene replacement therapy for retinal CNG channelopathies
by Schön, Christian and Biel, Martin and Michalakis, Stylianos
Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ISSN 1617-4615, 10/2013, Volume 288, Issue 10, pp. 459 - 467
Visual phototransduction relies on the function of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in the rod and cone photoreceptor outer segment plasma membranes. The role... 
Life Sciences | Biochemistry, general | Adeno-associated virus | Channelopathies | Microbial Genetics and Genomics | CNG channel | Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel | Retina | Gene therapy | Cell Biology | Plant Genetics & Genomics | Animal Genetics and Genomics | ALPHA-SUBUNIT | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | RECESSIVE RETINITIS-PIGMENTOSA | CONE FUNCTION | MICE LACKING | LEBER CONGENITAL AMAUROSIS | MOUSE MODEL | GENETICS & HEREDITY | ION CHANNELS | CGMP-GATED CHANNEL | ALASKAN MALAMUTE | BETA-SUBUNIT | Humans | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - genetics | Models, Molecular | Retinitis Pigmentosa - genetics | Phylogeny | Dependovirus | Mutation - genetics | Color Vision Defects - therapy | Color Vision Defects - genetics | Channelopathies - therapy | Channelopathies - genetics | Animals | Retinitis Pigmentosa - therapy | Models, Animal | Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - metabolism | Genetic Vectors | Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels - metabolism | Genetic Therapy - methods | Drugstores | Health aspects | Analysis | Genes
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10. Full Text Identification of a common non-apoptotic cell death mechanism in hereditary retinal degeneration
by Arango-Gonzalez, Blanca and Trifunović, Dragana and Sahaboglu, Ayse and Kranz, Katharina and Michalakis, Stylianos and Farinelli, Pietro and Koch, Susanne and Koch, Fred and Cottet, Sandra and Janssen-Bienhold, Ulrike and Dedek, Karin and Biel, Martin and Zrenner, Eberhart and Euler, Thomas and Ekström, Per and Ueffing, Marius and Paquet-Durand, Franҫois and Lund University and Oftalmologi, Lund and Ophthalmology, Lund and Lunds universitet
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 11/2014, Volume 9, Issue 11, p. e112142
Cell death in neurodegenerative diseases is often thought to be governed by apoptosis; however, an increasing body of evidence suggests the involvement of... 
POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE | ACTIVATION | ROD | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | MOUSE MODEL | CASPASE-3 | PHOTORECEPTOR DEGENERATION | GUANOSINE-MONOPHOSPHATE | MICE LACKING | IN-SITU | Cyclic GMP - physiology | Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose - physiology | Animals, Genetically Modified | Retinal Degeneration - genetics | Rats | Light Signal Transduction - genetics | Retinal Degeneration - physiopathology | Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - physiology | Calpain - physiology | Animals | Cell Death - genetics | Cell Death - physiology | Mice | Histone Deacetylases - physiology | Mutation | Disease Models, Animal | Histone deacetylase | Neurosciences | Animal models | Neurodegenerative diseases | Mortality | Guanosine | Science | Retina | Calpain | ADP | Mutants | Neurological diseases | Polymerase | Ribose | Cell death | Neurodegeneration | Rodents | Cyclic GMP | Blindness | Retinal degeneration | Degeneration | Apoptosis | Clinical Medicine | Ophthalmology | Medical and Health Sciences | Klinisk medicin | Medicin och hälsovetenskap | Oftalmologi
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