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1. Full Text Microglial activation in normal-appearing brain regions of patients with cerebral glioma: a cross-sectional study
by Su, Zhangjie, Dr and Roncaroli, Federico, MD and Hinz, Rainer, PhD and Karabatsou, Konstantina, MD and Coope, David, PhD and Turkheimer, Federico, PhD and Jenkinson, Michael, PhD and Jackson, Alan, PhD and Herholz, Karl, MD and Gerhard, Alexander, MD
Lancet, The, ISSN 0140-6736, 2017, Volume 389, pp. S92 - S92
Abstract Background Translocator protein (TSPO) is overexpressed mainly in activated microglia under disease conditions. [11 C]-(R)PK11195 is a radioligand for... 
Internal Medicine | Medicine, Experimental | Medical research | Pets | Brain | Gliomas | Brain tumors | Analysis | Epilepsy
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2. Full Text Reference and Target Region Modeling of [11C]-(R)-PK11195 Brain Studies
by Turkheimer, Federico E and Edison, Paul and Pavese, Nicola and Roncaroli, Federico and Anderson, Alexander N and Hammers, Alexander and Gerhard, Alexander and Hinz, Rainer and Tai, Yan F and Brooks, David J
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, ISSN 0161-5505, 01/2007, Volume 48, Issue 1, pp. 158 - 167
PET with [C-11]-(R)-PK11195 is currently the modality of choice for the in vivo imaging of microglial activation in the human brain. In this work we devised a... 
Supervised clustering | PK11195 | PET | Microglia | supervised clustering | MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION | RECEPTOR | CNS | HUNTINGTON-DISEASE | POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY | IN-VIVO | SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS | microglia | BINDING | RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING | Humans | Carbon Radioisotopes - therapeutic use | Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted | Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use | Models, Statistical | Positron-Emission Tomography - methods | Huntington Disease - radiotherapy | Case-Control Studies | Algorithms | Time Factors | Brain - pathology | Isoquinolines - therapeutic use | Kinetics | Pattern Recognition, Automated | Huntington Disease - drug therapy | Cluster Analysis | Cluster analysis | Studies | Plasma | Brain | Parameter estimation | Parkinsons disease | Nervous system | Pituitary gland | Models
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3. Full Text [11C]-(R)PK11195 tracer kinetics in the brain of glioma patients and a comparison of two referencing approaches
by Su, Zhangjie and Herholz, Karl and Gerhard, Alexander and Roncaroli, Federico and Du Plessis, Daniel and Jackson, Alan and Turkheimer, Federico and Hinz, Rainer
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, ISSN 1619-7070, 9/2013, Volume 40, Issue 9, pp. 1406 - 1419
Translocator protein (TSPO) is a biomarker of neuroinflammation that can be imaged by PET using [11C]-(R)PK11195. We sought to characterize the... 
Medicine & Public Health | Glioma | Orthopedics | Translocator protein | Oncology | Reference tissue | Kinetic analysis | Nuclear Medicine | Imaging / Radiology | Cardiology | [ 11 C]-( R )PK11195 | PET | C]-(R)PK11195 | REFERENCE REGION MODEL | HUMAN ASTROCYTOMAS | MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION | ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE | RECEPTOR | BENZODIAZEPINE BINDING-SITES | PROTEIN 18 KDA | IN-VIVO | [C-11]-(R)PK11195 | RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING | PLASMA INPUT | Radiopharmaceuticals - pharmacokinetics | Isoquinolines - pharmacokinetics | Receptors, GABA - genetics | Brain Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging | Brain Neoplasms - metabolism | Case-Control Studies | Glioma - metabolism | Tissue Distribution | Reference Standards | Glioma - diagnostic imaging | Amides - pharmacokinetics | Positron-Emission Tomography - standards | Receptors, GABA - metabolism | Protein Binding | Tracers (Biology) | Comparative analysis | Gliomas | Brain tumors | Brain | Kinetics | Patients | Cancer | [11C]-(R)PK11195 | Original
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4. Full Text Menga: A new comprehensive tool for the integration of neuroimaging data and the allen human brain transcriptome atlas
by Rizzo, Gaia and Veronese, Mattia and Expert, Paul and Turkheimer, Federico E and Bertoldo, Alessandra
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 02/2016, Volume 11, Issue 2, p. e0148744
Introduction Brain-wide mRNA mappings offer a great potential for neuroscience research as they can provide information about system proteomics. In a previous... 
TOMOGRAPHY | WATER-CONTENT | MYELIN | QUANTIFICATION | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | PET | Neuroimaging - methods | Serotonin - genetics | Genomics | Humans | RNA, Messenger - genetics | Databases, Genetic | Dopamine - genetics | Positron-Emission Tomography | Transcriptome - genetics | Brain Mapping - methods | Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | Serotonin - metabolism | Software | Dopamine - metabolism | Neuroimaging | PET imaging | Gene expression | Analysis | Brain | Neurosciences | High resolution | Nuclear magnetic resonance--NMR | Target recognition | Segmentation | Image processing | Molecular structure | Radioisotopes | Nervous system | Genomes | Data bases | Information systems | Proteins | Databases | Maps | User interface | Tomography | Photon emission | Integration | Dopamine | Genomic analysis | Medical imaging | Serotonin | Myelin | Brain mapping | Positron emission | Single photon emission computed tomography | Emissions | Studies | Neurology | Image segmentation | Brain research | Magnetic resonance imaging | Proteomics | Emissions control | Protein expression | Gene mapping | Positron emission tomography | Psychiatry | Structure-function relationships | Nuclear magnetic resonance | NMR
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5. Full Text Neuroinflammation in schizophrenia: Meta-analysis of in vivo microglial imaging studies
by Marques, Tiago Reis and Ashok, Abhishekh H and Pillinger, Toby and Veronese, Mattia and Turkheimer, Federico E and Dazzan, Paola and Sommer, Iris E.C and Howes, Oliver D
Psychological Medicine, ISSN 0033-2917, 2018, Volume 49, Issue 13, pp. 2186 - 2196
Background Converging lines of evidence implicate an important role for the immune system in schizophrenia. Microglia are the resident immune cells of the... 
TSPO | schizophrenia | neuroinflammation | Microglia | ADULT SCHIZOPHRENIA | PSYCHIATRY | ULTRA-HIGH RISK | ANTIPSYCHOTIC TREATMENT | CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID | PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL | 18 KDA | PSYCHOLOGY | TRANSLOCATOR PROTEIN | AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES | PERIPHERAL BENZODIAZEPINE-RECEPTOR | BINDING-SITES | 1ST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS | Neuroimaging | Brain | Immune response system | Mental disorders | Central nervous system | Schizophrenia | Nervous system | Substantia grisea | Psychotropic drugs | Psychosis | Elevation | Illnesses | Imaging | Genotypes | Immune system | Sensitivity analysis | Cytokines | Digital video recorders | Inflammation | Patients | Meta-analysis | Guidance | Studies | Morphology | Software | Axon guidance | Positron emission tomography | Original
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6. Full Text Serotonergic mechanisms responsible for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease patients
by Politis, Marios and Wu, Kit and Loane, Clare and Brooks, David J and Kiferle, Lorenzo and Turkheimer, Federico E and Bain, Peter and Molloy, Sophie and Piccini, Paola
Journal of Clinical Investigation, ISSN 0021-9738, 03/2014, Volume 124, Issue 3, pp. 1340 - 1349
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are the most common and disabling adverse motor effect of therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. In this study, we... 
MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | EXTRACELLULAR DOPAMINE | BUSPIRONE | DOPA-INDUCED DYSKINESIA | TRANSPORTER | DYSFUNCTION | 5-HT1A RECEPTOR STIMULATION | EXPRESSION | STRIATUM | MODULATION | AGONIST | Synapses - diagnostic imaging | Humans | Middle Aged | Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists - pharmacology | Male | Parkinson Disease - drug therapy | Buspirone - pharmacology | Case-Control Studies | Serotonergic Neurons - metabolism | Antiparkinson Agents - therapeutic use | Synapses - metabolism | Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced - drug therapy | Female | Radiopharmaceuticals | Buspirone - therapeutic use | Dopamine - metabolism | Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced - etiology | Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced - diagnostic imaging | Raclopride | Parkinson Disease - diagnostic imaging | Double-Blind Method | Serotonergic Neurons - drug effects | Levodopa - therapeutic use | Putamen - diagnostic imaging | Treatment Outcome | Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists - therapeutic use | Antiparkinson Agents - adverse effects | Levodopa - adverse effects | Radionuclide Imaging | Aged | Putamen - metabolism | Parkinson's disease | Serotonin | Physiological aspects | Development and progression | Properties | Identification and classification | Movement disorders | Studies | Values | Dopamine | Parkinsons disease
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7. Full Text Inflammation after trauma: Microglial activation and traumatic brain injury
by Ramlackhansingh, Anil F and Brooks, David J and Greenwood, Richard J and Bose, Subrata K and Turkheimer, Federico E and Kinnunen, Kirsi M and Gentleman, Steve and Heckemann, Rolf A and Gunanayagam, Karen and Gelosa, Giorgio and Sharp, David J
Annals of Neurology, ISSN 0364-5134, 09/2011, Volume 70, Issue 3, pp. 374 - 383
Objective: Patient outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is highly variable. The underlying pathophysiology of this is poorly understood, but inflammation... 
STROKE | NERVOUS-SYSTEM | HEAD-INJURY | RHESUS-MONKEY | NEURODEGENERATION | DEATH | TIME | RAT-BRAIN | ASTROCYTES | NEUROSCIENCES | PET | CLINICAL NEUROLOGY | Wechsler Scales | Inflammation - pathology | Isoquinolines | Humans | Middle Aged | Male | Educational Status | Positron-Emission Tomography | Thalamus - pathology | Glasgow Coma Scale | Microglia - pathology | Adult | Female | Brain Injuries - psychology | Executive Function | Cognition Disorders - pathology | Amnesia - etiology | Diffusion Tensor Imaging | Macrophage Activation | Neuropsychological Tests | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | Image Processing, Computer-Assisted | Brain Injuries - pathology | Cluster Analysis | Memory - physiology | Medical research | Brain damage
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8. Full Text The methodology of TSPO imaging with positron emission tomography
by Turkheimer, Federico E and Rizzo, Gaia and Bloomfield, Peter S and Howes, Oliver and Zanotti-Fregonara, Paolo and Bertoldo, Alessandra and Veronese, Mattia
Biochemical Society Transactions, ISSN 0300-5127, 08/2015, Volume 43, Issue 4, pp. 586 - 592
The 18-kDA translocator protein (TSPO) is consistently elevated in activated microglia of the central nervous system (CNS) in response to a variety of insults... 
Methodology | PK11195 | Schizophrenia | Neuroinflammation | Endothelium | Microglia | Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) | Heterogeneity | Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR)28 | Kinetic modelling | Genetics | Plasma free fraction | Positron emission tomography | Translocator protein (TSPO) | endothelium | MINOCYCLINE | MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION | plasma free fraction | MULTIPLE-SYSTEM-ATROPHY | ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | MACROPHAGE | BENZODIAZEPINE-RECEPTORS | schizophrenia | heterogeneity | peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) | kinetic modelling | genetics | BRAIN PET | neuroinflammation | peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) 28 | positron emission tomography | translocator protein (TSPO) | BINDING-SITES | microglia | methodology | Isoquinolines - pharmacology | Receptors, GABA - genetics | Receptors, GABA - blood | Humans | Receptors, GABA - metabolism | Microglia - diagnostic imaging | Positron-Emission Tomography - methods | Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation | Mitochondrial Stress Response Pathways | peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR)28 | Independent Meetings
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9. Full Text Brain microglia in psychiatric disorders
by Mondelli, Valeria, Dr and Vernon, Anthony C, PhD and Turkheimer, Federico, PhD and Dazzan, Paola, PhD and Pariante, Carmine M, PhD
Lancet Psychiatry, The, ISSN 2215-0366, 2017, Volume 4, Issue 7, pp. 563 - 572
Summary The role of immune activation in psychiatric disorders has attracted considerable attention over the past two decades, contributing to the rise of a... 
Psychiatry | POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY | DEPRESSIVE-LIKE BEHAVIOR | WHITE-MATTER | TRANSLOCATOR PROTEIN | FREE-WATER | MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS | PSYCHIATRY | IN-VIVO | DIFFUSION MRI | PREFRONTAL CORTEX | RECENT-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA | Brain - diagnostic imaging | Inflammation - psychology | Humans | Psychology | Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods | Inflammation - immunology | Mental Disorders - immunology | Autopsy - methods | Stress, Psychological - psychology | Stress, Psychological - immunology | Mental Disorders - psychology | Animals | Microglia - immunology | Brain - pathology | Microglia - pathology | Psychiatry - trends | Brain - immunology | Macrophages - immunology | Inflammation - physiopathology | Stress, Psychological - physiopathology
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10. Full Text Acute induction of anxiety in humans by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol related to amygdalar cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors
by Bhattacharyya, Sagnik and Egerton, Alice and Kim, Euitae and Rosso, Lula and Riano Barros, Daniela and Hammers, Alexander and Brammer, Michael and Turkheimer, Federico E and Howes, Oliver D and McGuire, Philip
Scientific Reports, ISSN 2045-2322, 12/2017, Volume 7, Issue 1, pp. 15025 - 15
Use of Cannabis, the most widely used illicit drug worldwide, is associated with acute anxiety, and anxiety disorders following regular use. The precise neural... 
EMOTIONAL STIMULI | INVERSE AGONIST RADIOLIGAND | POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY | HUMAN BRAIN | STRIATAL FUNCTION | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | HEALTHY-INDIVIDUALS | ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM | TEST-RETEST REPRODUCIBILITY | SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS | PET RADIOLIGAND | Fear | Cannabis | Amygdala | Anxieties | Functional magnetic resonance imaging | Marijuana | Anxiety | Cannabinoid CB1 receptors | Acute effects | Tetrahydrocannabinol | Positron emission tomography
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11. Full Text From homeostasis to behavior: Balanced activity in an exploration of embodied dynamic environmental-neural interaction
by Hellyer, Peter John and Clopath, Claudia and Kehagia, Angie A and Turkheimer, Federico E and Leech, Robert
PLoS computational biology, ISSN 1553-7358, 08/2017, Volume 13, Issue 8, p. e1005721
In recent years, there have been many computational simulations of spontaneous neural dynamics. Here, we describe a simple model of spontaneous neural dynamics... 
INHIBITION | EXCITATION | TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY | CONNECTIVITY | BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS | MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY | NEURONAL AVALANCHES | DEFAULT-MODE NETWORK | TIMING-DEPENDENT PLASTICITY | FUNCTIONAL NETWORKS | CORTICAL NETWORKS | CEREBRAL-CORTEX | Neuroimaging - methods | Brain - diagnostic imaging | Computational Biology - methods | Computer Simulation | Humans | Environment | Behavior - physiology | Connectome | Models, Neurological | Brain - physiology | Homeostasis | Physiological aspects | Neural circuitry | Observations | Plasticity (homeostatic) | Bioengineering | Brain | Neurosciences | Medical imaging | Traumatic brain injury | Computer simulation | Laboratories | Computational neuroscience | Funding | Virtual environments | Exploration | Investigations | Plasticity (behavioral) | Feedback | Dynamics | Computer applications | Software | Behavior | Psychiatry
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12. Full Text Covariance statistics and network analysis of brain PET imaging studies
by Veronese, Mattia and Moro, Lucia and Arcolin, Marco and Dipasquale, Ottavia and Rizzo, Gaia and Expert, Paul and Khan, Wasim and Fisher, Patrick M and Svarer, Claus and Bertoldo, Alessandra and Howes, Oliver and Turkheimer, Federico E
Scientific Reports, ISSN 2045-2322, 12/2019, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 2496 - 15
The analysis of structural and functional neuroimaging data using graph theory has increasingly become a popular approach for visualising and understanding... 
ALTERED INTERCORRELATIONS | FDG-PET | ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | RESTING-STATE | IN-VIVO | FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY | CEREBRAL METABOLIC PATTERN | CORTICAL NETWORKS | 5-HT4 RECEPTORS | REGIONAL RATES | Studies | Neuroimaging | Statistical analysis | Medical imaging | Image processing | Population studies | Entropy | Positron emission tomography | Tracers | Structure-function relationships
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13. Full Text Kinetic modelling of [11C]PBR28 for 18 kDa translocator protein PET data: A validation study of vascular modelling in the brain using XBD173 and tissue analysis
by Veronese, Mattia and Reis Marques, Tiago and Bloomfield, Peter S and Rizzo, Gaia and Singh, Nisha and Jones, Deborah and Agushi, Erjon and Mosses, Dominic and Bertoldo, Alessandra and Howes, Oliver and Roncaroli, Federico and Turkheimer, Federico E
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, ISSN 0271-678X, 7/2018, Volume 38, Issue 7, pp. 1227 - 1242
The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a marker of microglia activation in the central nervous system and represents the main target of radiotracers for the... 
endothelium | kinetic modelling | 3D modelling | C]PBR28 | TSPO | immunohistochemistry | XBD173 | [11C]PBR28 | Original
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