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1. Full Text Chronic Akt activation attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction via Akt/GSK3β-dependent inhibition of apoptosis and ER stress
by Dong, Maolong and Hu, Nan and Hu, Dahai and Hua, Yinan and Xu, Xihui and Kandadi, Machender R and Guo, Rui and Jiang, Shasha and Nair, Sreejayan and Ren, Jun
BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease, ISSN 0925-4439, 06/2013, Volume 1832, Issue 6, pp. 848 - 863
Sepsis is characterized by systematic inflammation and contributes to cardiac dysfunction. This study was designed to examine the effect of protein kinase B... 
Heart | ER stress | Sepsis | Akt | Contractile function | Apoptosis | OXIDATIVE STRESS | CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | HEART-FAILURE | ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS | AUTOPHAGY | GROWTH-FACTOR I | SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION | SYNTHASE | BIOPHYSICS | INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE | NF-KAPPA-B | Caspase 9 - genetics | Apoptosis - drug effects | Calcium - metabolism | Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis | Myocardial Contraction - drug effects | bcl-2-Associated X Protein - biosynthesis | Apoptosis - genetics | Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta | Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics | Phosphorylation - genetics | Caspase 3 - genetics | Phosphorylation - drug effects | Transcription Factor CHOP - biosynthesis | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - biosynthesis | Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity | Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects | Mice, Transgenic | Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 - genetics | Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 - genetics | Mice | Enzyme Activation - genetics | Transcription Factor CHOP - genetics | Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 - biosynthesis | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | bcl-X Protein - genetics | Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism | Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics | Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - genetics | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics | Myocardial Contraction - genetics | MAP Kinase Signaling System - genetics | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Caspase 3 - biosynthesis | bcl-X Protein - biosynthesis | bcl-2-Associated X Protein - genetics | Beclin-1 | Gene Expression Regulation - genetics | Myocardium - pathology | Transcription Factors - biosynthesis | Transcription Factors - genetics | Enzyme Activation - drug effects | Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 - metabolism | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - biosynthesis | Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 | Myocardium - enzymology | Animals | MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects | Caspase 9 - biosynthesis
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2. Full Text A novel CXCR3-B Chemokine Receptor-induced Growth-inhibitory signal in cancer cells is Mediated through the Regulation of Bach-1 Protein and Nrf2 Protein Nuclear Translocation
by Balan, Murugabaskar and Pal, Soumitro
Journal of Biological Chemistry, ISSN 0021-9258, 02/2014, Volume 289, Issue 6, pp. 3126 - 3137
Background: The chemokine receptor CXCR3-B initiates inhibitory signals. Results: CXCR3-B-mediated signal induced apoptosis and inhibited autophagy of breast... 
Signal Transduction | SPLICE VARIANT | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | I-TAC | Heme Oxygenase | HEME OXYGENASE-1 GENE | CXC CHEMOKINES | HUMAN BREAST-CANCER | Signaling | MURINE MODEL | EPITHELIAL-CELLS | Nrf2 | Nuclear Transport | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR | EXPRESSION | Chemokines | Apoptosis | Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors - metabolism | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism | Humans | bcl-X Protein - genetics | Apoptosis - genetics | Breast Neoplasms - metabolism | MAP Kinase Signaling System | Heme Oxygenase-1 - genetics | Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins - metabolism | Cell Nucleus - metabolism | Protein Isoforms - metabolism | Cell Nucleus - pathology | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - genetics | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Female | NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - genetics | Membrane Proteins - metabolism | p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism | Active Transport, Cell Nucleus - genetics | Beclin-1 | Receptors, CXCR3 - metabolism | Heme Oxygenase-1 - biosynthesis | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - genetics | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Alternative Splicing - genetics | Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins - genetics | p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics | Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors - genetics | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism | Breast Neoplasms - genetics | Cell Nucleus - genetics | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - metabolism | Breast Neoplasms - pathology | NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism | Receptors, CXCR3 - genetics | Cell Line, Tumor | bcl-X Protein - metabolism | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - metabolism | Protein Isoforms - genetics
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3. Full Text Chronic activation of PPARα with fenofibrate reduces autophagic proteins in the liver of mice independent of FGF21
by Jo, Eunjung and Li, Songpei and Liang, Qingning and Zhang, Xinmei and Wang, Hao and Herbert, Terence P and Jenkins, Trisha A and Xu, Aimin and Ye, Ji-Ming
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 04/2017, Volume 12, Issue 4, p. e0173676
Autophagy is a catabolic mechanism to degrade cellular components to maintain cellular energy levels during starvation, a condition where PPAR alpha may be... 
INSULIN SIGNALING TRANSDUCTION | GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS | FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR-21 | DEACETYLATION | METABOLISM | PATHWAY | STEATOSIS | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | RESISTANCE | RECEPTORS | FOXO1 | TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 - metabolism | Fibroblast Growth Factors - genetics | Autophagy-Related Protein 5 - genetics | fas Receptor - metabolism | Autophagy - drug effects | Fibroblast Growth Factors - metabolism | TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics | Liver - drug effects | fas Receptor - genetics | Autophagy - genetics | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism | Forkhead Box Protein O1 - metabolism | Signal Transduction | Liver - metabolism | PPAR alpha - genetics | Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes - genetics | Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - genetics | Mice, Knockout | Triglycerides - metabolism | Sequestosome-1 Protein - genetics | Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes - metabolism | Cysteine Endopeptidases - genetics | Autophagy-Related Protein 5 - metabolism | Beclin-1 - genetics | Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - metabolism | Mice | PPAR alpha - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors | Blood Glucose - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Proteins - metabolism | Forkhead Box Protein O1 - genetics | Autophagy-Related Protein 5 - antagonists & inhibitors | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics | Fenofibrate - pharmacology | Cysteine Endopeptidases - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Proteins - genetics | Sequestosome-1 Protein - metabolism | Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 - antagonists & inhibitors | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 - genetics | Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects | Animals | Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - genetics | PPAR alpha - agonists | Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes - antagonists & inhibitors | Beclin-1 - metabolism | Transcription factors | Adipose tissue | Liver | Body weight | AKT protein | Biochemistry | Glucose | Assaying | Proteins | Signal transduction | Temperature effects | Fibroblasts | Physiology | Acetylation | Inhibition | Growth factors | Hepatotoxicity | Activation analysis | Methanol | Starvation | Ethanol | AMP | Metabolism | Insulin | Fatty acids | Studies | Acetaminophen | Food intake | Weight reduction | Animal welfare | Circulation | Drugs | Biotechnology | Drug abuse | Laboratories | Centrifugation | Glass | Homeostasis | Activation | Biology | Kinases | AMP-activated protein kinase | Autophagy | Nutrient status | Rodents | Nutrients | Oxidation | Heart diseases | Age | Epinephrine | AKT1 protein | Fasting | Chloroform | Diabetes mellitus | Cardiomyocytes | Acclimatization | Triglycerides | Pharmacology | Nitrogen | Calories | Medicine | Nuclear fuels | Protein kinase | Insulin resistance | Diabetes
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4. Full Text A pathogenic role for ER stress‐induced autophagy and ER chaperone GRP78/BiP in T lymphocyte systemic lupus erythematosus
by Lee, Won‐Seok and Sung, Myung‐Soon and Lee, Eun‐Gyeong and Yoo, Han‐Gyul and Cheon, Yun‐Hong and Chae, Han‐Jung and Yoo, Wan‐Hee
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, ISSN 0741-5400, 02/2015, Volume 97, Issue 2, pp. 425 - 433
ER stress induced autophagy and decreased GRP78 expression of T lymphocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and potentially important therapeutic... 
T cells | apoptosis | SLE | PATHWAYS | SURVIVAL | ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS | MACROAUTOPHAGY | IMMUNOLOGY | CELL-DEATH | CELL BIOLOGY | UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE | DISEASE | HEMATOLOGY | PROMOTES | EXPRESSION | RNA, Small Interfering - genetics | Transcription Factor CHOP - genetics | Endoribonucleases - genetics | Activating Transcription Factor 6 - immunology | Humans | bcl-X Protein - genetics | eIF-2 Kinase - immunology | Male | Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics | Activating Transcription Factor 6 - genetics | Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - immunology | Autophagy - immunology | Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics | RNA, Small Interfering - immunology | Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - immunology | Transcription Factor CHOP - immunology | bcl-X Protein - immunology | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Female | Autophagy - genetics | T-Lymphocytes - pathology | bcl-2-Associated X Protein - genetics | eIF-2 Kinase - genetics | Beclin-1 | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - immunology | Gene Expression Regulation - genetics | Gene Expression Regulation - immunology | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics | Membrane Proteins - immunology | Heat-Shock Proteins - immunology | bcl-2-Associated X Protein - immunology | Caspase 6 - genetics | Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 - genetics | Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - genetics | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - immunology | T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Caspase 6 - immunology | Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 - immunology | Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - pathology | Endoribonucleases - immunology
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5. Full Text Exosomal transfer of miR-30a between cardiomyocytes regulates autophagy after hypoxia
by Yang, Yan and Li, Yingying and Chen, Xiao and Cheng, Xiang and Liao, Yuhua and Yu, Xian
Journal of Molecular Medicine, ISSN 0946-2716, 6/2016, Volume 94, Issue 6, pp. 711 - 724
Recent studies have indicated a protective role of physiological autophagy in ischemic heart disease. However, the underlying mechanisms of autophagy... 
Human Genetics | miR-30a | Biomedicine | Internal Medicine | Hypoxia | Cardiomyocytes | Molecular Medicine | Exosomes | Autophagy | CIRCULATING MICRORNAS | MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | CELLS | MECHANISM | MICROVESICLES | EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES | BECLIN-1 | INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION | GROWTH | GENETICS & HEREDITY | EXCHANGE | Exosomes - metabolism | Myocardial Infarction - genetics | MicroRNAs - antagonists & inhibitors | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism | Humans | Middle Aged | Male | MicroRNAs - metabolism | Hypoxia - metabolism | Cell Hypoxia | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - metabolism | Myocardial Infarction - pathology | Adult | Female | Autophagy - genetics | Oligoribonucleotides, Antisense - metabolism | Cell Line | Autophagy-Related Protein 12 - genetics | Paracrine Communication | Signal Transduction | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - genetics | Gene Expression Regulation | Myocardial Infarction - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Protein 12 - metabolism | Myocytes, Cardiac - pathology | Hypoxia - genetics | Hypoxia - pathology | Oligoribonucleotides, Antisense - genetics | Beclin-1 - genetics | Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism | Aged | MicroRNAs - genetics | Beclin-1 - metabolism | Autophagy (Cytology) | Heart cells | Physiological aspects | Development and progression | Genetic aspects | Research | Heart diseases
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6. Full Text Oncogenic Ras-Induced Expression of Noxa and Beclin-1 Promotes Autophagic Cell Death and Limits Clonogenic Survival
by Elgendy, Mohamed and Sheridan, Clare and Brumatti, Gabriela and Martin, Seamus J
Molecular Cell, ISSN 1097-2765, 2011, Volume 42, Issue 1, pp. 23 - 35
Deregulated oncogenes such as and are typically insufficient to transform cells on their own due to the activation of pathways that restrain proliferation.... 
BCL-2 | GENE | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | KINASE | TUMORIGENESIS | BH3-ONLY PROTEINS | CELL BIOLOGY | RNA, Small Interfering - genetics | Cell Proliferation | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Humans | Cell Survival - genetics | Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta | Autophagy - physiology | Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism | Gene Knockdown Techniques | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism | Caspases - metabolism | TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics | Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics | Base Sequence | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Colony-Forming Units Assay | Autophagy - genetics | Cell Survival - physiology | Beclin-1 | Cell Line | Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes - genetics | Gene Expression | Signal Transduction | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Genes, bcl-2 | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 | Autophagy-Related Protein 5 | Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 - genetics | Membrane Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors | Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein | Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes - antagonists & inhibitors | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors | Enzyme Activation | Genes, ras | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - genetics | Cell death | Biochemistry
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7. Full Text Methyl 3-hydroxyimino-11-oxoolean-12-en-28-oate (HIMOXOL), a synthetic oleanolic acid derivative, induces both apoptosis and autophagy in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
by Lisiak, Natalia and Paszel-Jaworska, Anna and Bednarczyk-Cwynar, Barbara and Zaprutko, Lucjusz and Kaczmarek, Mariusz and Rybczyńska, Maria
Chemico-Biological Interactions, ISSN 0009-2797, 02/2014, Volume 208, Issue 1, pp. 47 - 57
HIMOXOL (methyl 3-hydroxyimino-11-oxoolean-12-en-28-oate) is a synthetic derivative of oleanolic acid (OA). HIMOXOL revealed the highest cytotoxic effect among... 
Breast cancer | Autophagy | HIMOXOL | Apoptosis | SIGNALING PATHWAYS | ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE | TRITERPENOIDS | MECHANISM | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | DOWN-REGULATION | SUPPRESSES MIGRATION | DEATH | PROSTATE-CANCER | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | TOXICOLOGY | MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE | NF-KAPPA-B | Cell Cycle - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Apoptosis - drug effects | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism | Humans | Oleanolic Acid - analogs & derivatives | Caspase 3 - metabolism | Caspase 8 - metabolism | Cell Survival - genetics | Oleanolic Acid - pharmacology | Apoptosis - genetics | NF-kappa B - metabolism | Autophagy - drug effects | Breast Neoplasms - metabolism | Caspase 8 - genetics | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism | Cell Death - genetics | Caspase 3 - genetics | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Female | Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology | Membrane Proteins - metabolism | Autophagy - genetics | Cell Death - drug effects | bcl-2-Associated X Protein - genetics | Beclin-1 | Cell Survival - drug effects | Membrane Proteins - genetics | bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism | Up-Regulation - genetics | Signal Transduction - genetics | Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism | Up-Regulation - drug effects | Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - metabolism | Breast Neoplasms - genetics | Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - genetics | NF-kappa B - genetics | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Cell Line, Tumor | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics | Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 | Cell Cycle - drug effects | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - genetics | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism | Tumor proteins | Cancer cells
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8. Full Text Beclin 1 mitigates motor and neuropathological deficits in genetic mouse models of Machado-Joseph disease
by Nascimento-Ferreira, Isabel and Nóbrega, Clévio and Vasconcelos-Ferreira, Ana and Onofre, Isabel and Albuquerque, David and Aveleira, Célia and Hirai, Hirokazu and Déglon, Nicole and Pereira De Almeida, Luís
Brain, ISSN 0006-8950, 2013, Volume 136, Issue 7, pp. 2173 - 2188
Machado-Joseph disease or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, the most common dominantly-inherited spinocerebellar ataxia, results from translation of the... 
ataxin-3 | autophagy | beclin-1, Machado-Joseph disease, spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 | AUTOPHAGY GENE | PROTEIN | spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 | PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE | SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE-3 | MUTANT HUNTINGTIN | NEURODEGENERATION | NEUROSCIENCES | beclin-1 | CLINICAL NEUROLOGY | Machado-Joseph disease | ACID RAT MODEL | ACCUMULATION | HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE | TRANSGENIC MICE | Age Factors | Ataxin-3 | Machado-Joseph Disease - metabolism | Humans | Peptides - genetics | Motor Activity - drug effects | Sensation Disorders - etiology | Male | Green Fluorescent Proteins - genetics | Membrane Proteins - therapeutic use | Psychomotor Performance - physiology | Machado-Joseph Disease - complications | Transfection | Nerve Degeneration - prevention & control | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Female | Membrane Proteins - metabolism | Autophagy - genetics | Nuclear Proteins - genetics | Repressor Proteins - metabolism | Disease Models, Animal | Animals, Newborn | Beclin-1 | Gene Expression Regulation - genetics | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Cells, Cultured | Repressor Proteins - genetics | Sensation Disorders - metabolism | Mice, Transgenic | Nuclear Proteins - metabolism | Postural Balance - genetics | Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 - metabolism | Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism | Machado-Joseph Disease - drug therapy | Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism | Motor Activity - genetics | Animals | Analysis of Variance | Cerebellum - cytology | Mice | Sensation Disorders - genetics | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - therapeutic use | Nerve Degeneration - etiology | Machado-Joseph Disease - genetics | Animal models
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9. Full Text Akt2 ablation prolongs life span and improves myocardial contractile function with adaptive cardiac remodeling: role of Sirt1‐mediated autophagy regulation
by Ren, Jun and Yang, Lifang and Zhu, Li and Xu, Xihui and Ceylan, Asli F and Guo, Wei and Yang, Jian and Zhang, Yingmei
Aging Cell, ISSN 1474-9718, 10/2017, Volume 16, Issue 5, pp. 976 - 987
Summary Aging is accompanied with unfavorable geometric and functional changes in the heart involving dysregulation of Akt and autophagy. This study examined... 
cardiac geometry | contractile function | autophagy | aging | Akt | RAPAMYCIN | PROTEIN-KINASE | DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION | CELL BIOLOGY | GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY | HYPERTROPHY | LONGEVITY | OVEREXPRESSION | INSULIN-RESISTANCE | CALORIC RESTRICTION | SENESCENCE | MITOCHONDRIAL INJURY | Adaptation, Physiological | Protein Kinases - metabolism | Sirtuin 1 - metabolism | Phosphorylation | Protein Kinases - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Calcium - metabolism | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 - metabolism | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - deficiency | Atrial Remodeling - drug effects | Myocardial Contraction - drug effects | Cardiomegaly - pathology | Male | Mitochondrial Proteins - genetics | Sirtuin 1 - genetics | Autophagy - drug effects | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings - pharmacology | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics | Mitochondrial Proteins - metabolism | Myocardium - metabolism | Membrane Proteins - metabolism | Autophagy - genetics | Forkhead Box Protein O1 - metabolism | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases - metabolism | Signal Transduction | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Gene Expression Regulation | Myocardium - pathology | Mitochondria - metabolism | Longevity - genetics | Mitochondria - pathology | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 - genetics | Sirolimus - pharmacology | Mice, Knockout | Animals | Cardiomegaly - prevention & control | Beclin-1 - genetics | Mice | Beclin-1 - metabolism | Cardiomegaly - genetics | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases - genetics | Forkhead Box Protein O1 - genetics | Cardiomegaly - metabolism | Heart | Laws, regulations and rules | Ablation (Surgery) | AKT protein | Autophagy | Ca2+-transporting ATPase | Mitochondria | FOXO1 protein | Aging | Oxidation | Fura-2 | Acetylation | Heart diseases | Calcium (intracellular) | Echocardiography | Contractility | AKT2 protein | Cardiomyocytes | Rapamycin | Insulin | Muscle contraction | BNIP3 protein | Life span | PTEN-induced putative kinase | Parkin protein | Intracellular | PTEN protein | Phagocytosis | Hypertrophy | Original
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10. Full Text Autophagy in the degenerating human intervertebral disc: In vivo molecular and morphological evidence, and induction of autophagy in cultured annulus cells exposed to proinflammatory cytokines-implications for disc degeneration
by Gruber, Helen E and Hoelscher, Gretchen L and Ingram, Jane A and Bethea, Synthia and Hanley, Edward N
Spine, ISSN 0362-2436, 2015, Volume 40, Issue 11, pp. 773 - 782
Study Design. Autophagy-related gene expression and ultrastructural features of autophagy were studied in human discs. Objective. To obtain... 
TNF-α | Disc degeneration | Intervertebral disc | PIM-2 oncogene | p62/SQSTM1 | Proinflammatory cytokines | IL-1β | Autophagy | WIPI49 | NUCLEUS PULPOSUS | intervertebral disc | proinflammatory cytokines | autophagy | TNF-alpha | TISSUE | IL-1 beta | 3-DIMENSIONAL CULTURE | MEDIATED APOPTOSIS | PROTEOGLYCAN | CLINICAL NEUROLOGY | PATHOGENESIS | OXYGEN | BIOENERGETICS | GENE-EXPRESSION | disc degeneration | SENESCENCE | ORTHOPEDICS | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - analysis | RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics | Autophagy-Related Proteins | Interleukin-1beta - pharmacology | Gene Expression - drug effects | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | Cathepsin B - genetics | Humans | Middle Aged | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - analysis | RNA, Messenger - analysis | Infant | Male | Autophagy - drug effects | Membrane Proteins - analysis | Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - metabolism | Cysteine Endopeptidases - analysis | Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - pathology | Young Adult | Sacrum | Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes - analysis | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Adult | Female | Autophagy - genetics | Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes - analysis | RNA-Binding Proteins - analysis | Intervertebral Disc Degeneration - genetics | Beclin-1 | Intervertebral Disc - ultrastructure | Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - analysis | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Cells, Cultured | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics | Intervertebral Disc - chemistry | Presenilin-1 - genetics | Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics | Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes - genetics | Up-Regulation - drug effects | Carrier Proteins - genetics | Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - pharmacology | Autophagy-Related Protein 7 | Cysteine Endopeptidases - genetics | Aged | Lumbar Vertebrae
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11. Full Text Downregulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases and mitophagy-related genes in skeletal muscle of physically inactive, frail older women: A cross-sectional comparison
by Drummond, Micah J and Addison, Odessa and Brunker, Lucille and Hopkins, Paul N and McClain, Donald A and Lastayo, Paul C and Marcus, Robin L
Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, 2014, Volume 69, Issue 8, pp. 1040 - 1048
Reduced lean mass and physical function is a characteristic of frailty. However, it is currently unknown if proteolysis through the E3 ubiquitin ligases and... 
Atrophy | Aging | Mobility | Mitochondrial dysfunction | Autophagy | ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS | ADULTS | SARCOPENIA | GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY | RESISTANCE EXERCISE | MASS | GERONTOLOGY | PROTEIN BREAKDOWN | BED REST | EXPRESSION | Phosphorylation - physiology | Sarcopenia - genetics | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics | SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases - genetics | Humans | Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport - genetics | Mitochondrial Proteins - genetics | Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases - physiology | Tripartite Motif Proteins | Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology | Proteolysis | Gene Expression - physiology | Genes, Tumor Suppressor - physiology | Aged, 80 and over | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Female | Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases | Beclin-1 | Cross-Sectional Studies | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics | Frail Elderly | Muscle, Skeletal - physiology | Forkhead Transcription Factors - genetics | Mitochondrial Degradation - physiology | Down-Regulation - physiology | Muscle Proteins - genetics | Sarcopenia - physiopathology | GTP Phosphohydrolases - genetics | Aged | Muscle, Skeletal - pathology | Forkhead Box Protein O3 | Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases - genetics | AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics | Ubiquitin | Physiological aspects | Muscles | Aged women | Ligases
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