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1. Full Text Reversible hemostatic properties of sulfabetaine/quaternary ammonium modified hyperbranched polyglycerol
by Wen, Jiying and Weinhart, Marie and Lai, Benjamin and Kizhakkedathu, Jayachandran and Brooks, Donald E
Biomaterials, ISSN 0142-9612, 2016, Volume 86, pp. 42 - 55
Abstract A library of hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPGs) functionalized with different mole fractions of zwitterionic sulfabetaine and cationic quaternary... 
Advanced Basic Science | Dentistry | Bioadhesion | Hyperbranched polyglycerol | Polycations | Hemostasis | Betaines | POLYMERS | COMPLEMENT | MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS | GENE DELIVERY | THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY | ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL | QUANTUM DOTS | FIBRIN | IN-VITRO | RED-BLOOD-CELLS | BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS | UNIVERSAL BIOMEMBRANE ADHESIVE | Hemostasis - drug effects | Hemostatics - chemistry | Polyamines - chemistry | Polymers - chemical synthesis | Click Chemistry | Humans | Polymerization | Hemostatics - pharmacology | Betaine - pharmacology | Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemistry | Betaine - analogs & derivatives | Polyamines - pharmacology | Glycerol - chemical synthesis | Polymers - pharmacology | Betaine - chemical synthesis | Erythrocyte Aggregation - drug effects | Polymers - chemistry | Glycerol - pharmacology | Platelet Aggregation - drug effects | Hemostatics - chemical synthesis | Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemical synthesis | Glycerol - chemistry | Polyamines - chemical synthesis | Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - pharmacology | Thiols | Surface active agents | Analysis | Olefins | Chemical properties | Polymers | Red blood cells | Cationic | Polyglycerols | Erythrocytes | Ligands | Joining | Hemostatics | Blood
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2. Full Text Transposable Elements: Targets for Early Nutritional Effects on Epigenetic Gene Regulation
by Robert A. Waterland and Randy L. Jirtle
Molecular and Cellular Biology, ISSN 0270-7306, 08/2003, Volume 23, Issue 15, pp. 5293 - 5300
Article Usage Stats Services MCB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley... 
MOUSE AGOUTI LOCUS | DNA METHYLATION | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | MICE | MATERNAL METHYL SUPPLEMENTS | INHERITANCE | EXPRESSION | CYTOSINE METHYLATION | MAMMALS | CELL BIOLOGY | Folic Acid - pharmacology | Exons | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Gene Expression Regulation | Vitamin B 12 - pharmacology | Molecular Sequence Data | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena | Betaine - pharmacology | Sequence Analysis, DNA | Sulfites - pharmacology | DNA Transposable Elements | Mice, Inbred C3H | DNA Methylation | Phenotype | Animals | Alleles | Choline - pharmacology | Polymerase Chain Reaction | CpG Islands | Mice | Models, Genetic | Dietary Supplements | DNA Dynamics and Chromosome Structure
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3. Full Text Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease
by Wang, Zeneng and Klipfell, Elizabeth and Bennett, Brian J and Koeth, Robert and Levison, Bruce S and Dugar, Brandon and Feldstein, Ariel E and Britt, Earl B and Fu, Xiaoming and Chung, Yoon-Mi and Wu, Yuping and Schauer, Phil and Smith, Jonathan D and Allayee, Hooman and Tang, W. H. Wilson and Didonato, Joseph A and Lusis, Aldons J and Hazen, Stanley L
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 04/2011, Volume 472, Issue 7341, pp. 57 - 65
Metabolomics studies hold promise for the discovery of pathways linked to disease processes. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the leading cause of death... 
CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE | TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE | DNA METHYLATION | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | MURINE MACROPHAGES | MOUSE | GENE-EXPRESSION | ATHEROSCLEROSIS | MICE | CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE | MASS-SPECTROMETRY | Choline - metabolism | Dietary Fats - metabolism | Metabolomics | Liver - enzymology | Diet - adverse effects | Atherosclerosis - genetics | Betaine - metabolism | Humans | Phosphatidylcholines - administration & dosage | Phosphatidylcholines - metabolism | Choline - blood | Dietary Fats - pharmacology | Oxygenases - metabolism | Cardiovascular Diseases - blood | Female | Atherosclerosis - microbiology | Betaine - blood | Methylamines - pharmacology | Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis | Methylamines - metabolism | Receptors, Scavenger - metabolism | Biomarkers - metabolism | Phosphatidylcholines - blood | Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism | Risk Assessment | Atherosclerosis - chemically induced | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Phosphatidylcholines - pharmacology | Gene Expression Regulation | Methylamines - blood | Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology | Biomarkers - blood | Dietary Fats - blood | Atherosclerosis - metabolism | Gastrointestinal Tract - metabolism | Cardiovascular Diseases - microbiology | Macrophages - metabolism | Phenotype | Animals | Choline - administration & dosage | Choline - pharmacology | Germ-Free Life | Cholesterol, HDL - blood | Mice | Oxygenases - genetics | Lecithin | Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) | Physiological aspects | Research | Cardiovascular diseases | Metabolism | Health aspects | Risk factors | Plasma | Nuclear magnetic resonance--NMR | Heart attacks | Pathogenesis | Lipids | Cardiovascular disease | Probiotics | Metabolites | Diet | Atherosclerosis | Bacteria | Insulin resistance | Mass spectrometry | atherosclerosis | intestinal microbiota | choline | diet | phospholipid | metabolomics
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4. Full Text GABA-level increasing and anticonvulsant effects of three different GABA uptake inhibitors
by Dalby, Nils Ole
Neuropharmacology, ISSN 0028-3908, 2000, Volume 39, Issue 12, pp. 2399 - 2407
The present study examines the effect of tiagabine (a selective inhibitor of GABA transporter 1, GAT-1), SNAP-5114 (a semi-selective inhibitor of rat... 
Microdialysis | Microinjection | GABA transporter | Electroshock | Epilepsy | epilepsy | MOUSE-BRAIN | NNC-711 | microinjection | NEUROSCIENCES | microdialysis | CLONING | electroshock | GAT-1 | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID | BETAINE/GABA TRANSPORTER | RAT-BRAIN | EXTRACELLULAR GABA | EXPRESSION | TIAGABINE | Seizures - prevention & control | Thalamus - metabolism | gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism | Anisoles - pharmacology | Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors - pharmacology | Male | Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid | Hippocampus - drug effects | Anticonvulsants - pharmacology | Seizures - chemically induced | Tiagabine | Piperidines - pharmacology | Anesthesia | Female | Mice, Inbred DBA | Nipecotic Acids - pharmacology | Pentylenetetrazole - pharmacology | Acoustic Stimulation | Pentylenetetrazole - antagonists & inhibitors | Thalamus - drug effects | GABA Antagonists - pharmacology | Hippocampus - metabolism | Animals | GABA Agonists - pharmacology | Convulsants - pharmacology | Mice | Carbazoles - pharmacology | Substantia Nigra - physiology
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5. Full Text Betaine enhances antidepressant-like, but blocks psychotomimetic effects of ketamine in mice
by Lin, Jen-Cheng and Lee, Mei-Yi and Chan, Ming-Huan and Chen, Yi-Chyan and Chen, Hwei-Hsien
Psychopharmacology, ISSN 0033-3158, 9/2016, Volume 233, Issue 17, pp. 3223 - 3235
Ketamine is emerging as a new hope against depression, but ketamine-associated psychotomimetic effects limit its clinical use. An adjunct therapy along with... 
Neurosciences | Biomedicine | Schizophrenia | Depression | Behavior | Pharmacology/Toxicology | NMDA receptor | Psychiatry | Prepulse inhibition | FUNCTIONAL PARTIAL AGONIST | PSYCHIATRY | MEMORY DEFICITS | D-CYCLOSERINE | FORCED SWIMMING TEST | NEUROSCIENCES | NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS | D-SERINE | BIPOLAR DEPRESSION | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | ANIMAL-MODEL | GLYCINE TRANSPORTER-I | WORKING-MEMORY | Hallucinogens - pharmacology | Male | Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists - pharmacology | Betaine - pharmacology | Animals | Prepulse Inhibition - drug effects | Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - agonists | Behavior, Animal - drug effects | Antidepressive Agents - pharmacology | Mice | Swimming | Ketamine - pharmacology | Dosage and administration | Ketamine | Observations | Drug interactions | Mental depression | Antidepressants | Psychopharmacology | Rodents | Dietary supplements | Index Medicus
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6. Full Text Influence of partial or total replacement of glycerol by alternative cryoprotectants in Ghent freezing extender on post‐thaw sperm quality in stallions
by De Oliveira, RA and Budik, S and Aurich, C
Reproduction in Domestic Animals, ISSN 0936-6768, 10/2017, Volume 52, Issue 5, pp. 715 - 721
Contents Although glycerol is the cryoprotectant most commonly used in stallions, it has also a considerable toxicity for equine sperm. It was the aim of this... 
horse | cryoprotectants | semen freezing | glycerol | EQUINE SEMEN | STORAGE | TREHALOSE | AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE | DNA METHYLATION | TOLERANCE | CRYOSURVIVAL | SPERMATOZOA | CRYOPRESERVATION | FERTILITY | REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY | FROZEN-SEMEN | VETERINARY SCIENCES | Cryopreservation - veterinary | Male | Glucose - pharmacology | Betaine - pharmacology | Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects | Cryopreservation - methods | Freezing | Cryoprotective Agents - pharmacology | Sperm Motility - drug effects | Animals | Horses | Proline - pharmacology | Glycerol - pharmacology | Semen Preservation - methods | Urea - pharmacology | Chromatin - chemistry | Semen Analysis - veterinary | Trehalose - pharmacology | Glycerin | Glycerol | Urea | Spermatozoa | Chromatin | Motility | Trehalose | Toxicity | Sperm | Cryoprotectants | Proline | Thawing | Glucose | Animal reproduction | Mitochondria | Cryopreservation | Freeze-thaw | Betaine | Membrane potential | Phosphatidylserine | Deoxyribonucleic acid--DNA | Translocation | Melting | Semen | Low temperature resistance | Insects | Cryoprotectors | Integrity | Index Medicus
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7. Full Text Enhanced water-solubility, antibacterial activity and biocompatibility upon introducing sulfobetaine and quaternary ammonium to chitosan
by Chen, Yuxiang and Chen, Shiguo and Li, Jianna and Li, Qingqing and Shen, Yuanyuan and Ge, Zaochuan and Zhang, Wenwen
Carbohydrate Polymers, ISSN 0144-8617, 06/2016, Volume 143, pp. 246 - 253
Chitosan (CS) has attracted much attention due to its good antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. However, CS is insoluble in neutral and alkaline... 
Biocompatibility | Zwitterion | Chitosan | Antibacterial | Biomaterials | POLYMERS | HYDROGELS | POLYMER SCIENCE | GENE DELIVERY | CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC | GAS SENSITIVITY | POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES | NANOPARTICLES | CHEMISTRY, APPLIED | DERIVATIVES | CHLORIDE | Biocompatible Materials - chemistry | Escherichia coli - drug effects | Humans | Biocompatible Materials - toxicity | Biocompatible Materials - chemical synthesis | Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry | Chitosan - pharmacology | Betaine - chemical synthesis | Erythrocytes - cytology | Anti-Bacterial Agents - toxicity | Chitosan - analogs & derivatives | Chitosan - chemical synthesis | Hemolysis | Cell Line | Betaine - toxicity | Solubility | Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology | Betaine - pharmacology | Chitosan - toxicity | Betaine - analogs & derivatives | Erythrocytes - drug effects | Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemical synthesis | Betaine - chemistry | Fibroblasts - drug effects | Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology | Fibroblasts - cytology | Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects | Antibacterial agents | Biopolymers | Isocyanates | Biological products | Biomedical engineering
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8. Full Text Enhancement of the Antitumor Effect of Methotrexate on Colorectal Cancer Cells via Lactate Calcium Salt Targeting Methionine Metabolism
by Jo, Young-Kwon and Park, Min Hee and Choi, Hyunju and Lee, HooKeun and Park, Jong-Moon and Sim, Jae Jun and Chang, Chonghwan and Jeong, Keun-Yeong and Jeong, Keun-Yeong and Kim, Hwan Mook
Nutrition and Cancer, ISSN 0163-5581, 05/2017, Volume 69, Issue 4, pp. 663 - 673
Methionine (Met) is involved in one-carbon de novo nucleotide synthesis and is an essential amino acid for cell survival. The impact of lactate calcium salt... 
RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS | 5-FLUOROURACIL | NUTRITION & DIETETICS | ONCOLOGY | LIVER | BETAINE | RESTRICTION | FOLIC-ACID | CHEMOTHERAPY | DELIVERY | Lactates - pharmacology | Methotrexate - pharmacology | Cell Survival - drug effects | HT29 Cells - drug effects | Methionine - metabolism | Betaine - metabolism | Humans | Betaine - pharmacology | HCT116 Cells - drug effects | Molecular Targeted Therapy | Calcium Compounds - administration & dosage | Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacology | Betaine - administration & dosage | Carrier Proteins - metabolism | Lactates - administration & dosage | Colorectal Neoplasms - drug therapy | Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic - pharmacology | Methotrexate - administration & dosage | Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology | Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism | Calcium Compounds - pharmacology | Calcium | Metabolism | Colorectal cancer
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9. Full Text Functional and pharmacological characterization of human Na+-carnitine cotransporter hOCTN2
by Wagner, Carsten A and Lükewille, Ulrike and Kaltenbach, Simone and Moschen, Ivano and Bröer, Angelika and Risler, Teut and Bröer, Stefan and Lang, Florian
American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology, ISSN 0363-6127, 2000, Volume 279, Issue 3, pp. F584 - F591
L-Carnitine is essential for the translocation of acyl-carnitine into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. It is taken up into the... 
Carnitine transport | Pharmacology | Human sodium-driven organic cation transporter 2 | Secondary carnitine deficiency | Tetraethylammonium - pharmacology | Protein Synthesis Inhibitors - chemistry | Emetine - pharmacology | Humans | Amino Acids - chemistry | Tritium | Sodium - metabolism | Valproic Acid - pharmacology | Amino Acids - pharmacology | Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5 | Carnitine - deficiency | Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry | Pentanoic Acids - chemistry | Pentanoic Acids - pharmacology | Carrier Proteins - chemistry | Biological Transport - drug effects | Membrane Proteins - metabolism | Protein Synthesis Inhibitors - pharmacology | Valproic Acid - chemistry | Membrane Potentials - drug effects | Tetraethylammonium - chemistry | RNA, Complementary - pharmacology | Lipotropic Agents - chemistry | Emetine - chemistry | Microinjections | Membrane Proteins - genetics | Xenopus laevis | Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology | Organic Cation Transport Proteins | Carnitine - chemistry | Betaine - pharmacology | Membrane Potentials - physiology | Betaine - chemistry | Carrier Proteins - genetics | Patch-Clamp Techniques | Animals | Carrier Proteins - metabolism | Oocytes - physiology | Membrane Proteins - chemistry | Lipotropic Agents - pharmacology | Biological Transport - physiology | Carnitine - pharmacokinetics | Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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10. Selective GABA Transporter Inhibitors Tiagabine and EF1502 Exhibit Mechanistic Differences in Their Ability to Modulate the Ataxia and Anticonvulsant Action of the Extrasynaptic GABA(A) Receptor Agonist Gaboxadol
by Madsen, KK and Ebert, B and Clausen, RP and Krogsgaard-Larsen, P and Schousboe, A and White, HS
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, ISSN 0022-3565, 07/2011, Volume 338, Issue 1, pp. 214 - 219
Modulation of the extracellular levels of GABA via inhibition of the synaptic GABA transporter GAT1 by the clinically effective and selective GAT1 inhibitor... 
PLASMA-MEMBRANE TRANSPORTER | LOCALIZATION | PHARMACOLOGY | AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID UPTAKE | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | BETAINE/GABA TRANSPORTER | DENTATE GYRUS | THIP | CEREBRAL-CORTEX | Ataxia - physiopathology | Synapses - drug effects | Nipecotic Acids - therapeutic use | Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use | Male | Anticonvulsants - pharmacology | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Isoxazoles - pharmacology | Animals | GABA Agonists - pharmacology | Ataxia - drug therapy | Receptors, GABA-A - physiology | Female | Mice | Isoxazoles - therapeutic use | Nipecotic Acids - pharmacology | GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - physiology | Index Medicus
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11. Full Text Simple Protein Modification Using Zwitterionic Polymer to Mitigate the Bioactivity Loss of Conjugated Insulin
by Xie, Jinbing and Lu, Yang and Wang, Wei and Zhu, Hui and Wang, Zhigang and Cao, Zhiqiang
Advanced Healthcare Materials, ISSN 2192-2640, 06/2017, Volume 6, Issue 11, pp. 1601428 - n/a
Polymer–protein conjugation has been extensively explored toward a better protein drug with improved pharmacokinetics. However, a major problem with... 
protein–polymer conjugation | insulin modification | zwitterion | bioactivity | NANOPARTICLES | MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS | CIRCULAR-DICHROISM | ACID | PHARMACOKINETICS | ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL | STABILITY | NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY | ACCUMULATION | LIPOSOMES | PEGYLATION | DELIVERY | Insulin - pharmacology | Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy | Immobilized Proteins - chemistry | Delayed-Action Preparations - chemistry | Betaine - pharmacology | Betaine - pharmacokinetics | Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood | Betaine - chemistry | Immobilized Proteins - pharmacokinetics | Animals | Insulin - chemistry | Delayed-Action Preparations - pharmacology | Immobilized Proteins - pharmacology | Delayed-Action Preparations - pharmacokinetics | Polymers - pharmacokinetics | Polymers - pharmacology | Polymers - chemistry | Mice | Insulin - pharmacokinetics | Surface active agents | Polymers | Blood sugar | Insulin | Surgical implants | Conjugates | Separation | Biochemistry | Glucose | Blood | LITAF protein | Proteins | PCB compounds | Biomedical materials | Biocompatibility | Manufacturing | Coupling | Chemical synthesis | Pharmacology | Chemical compounds | Chromatography | Biological activity | PCB | Chemistry | Isoforms | Polychlorinated biphenyls | Conjugation | Pharmacokinetics | In vitro methods and tests
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12. Full Text Functional and pharmacological characterization of human Na+-carnitine cotransporter hOCTN2
by Carsten A. Wagner and Ulrike Lükewille and Simone Kaltenbach and Ivano Moschen and Angelika Bröer and Teut Risler and Stefan Bröer and Florian Lang
American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology, ISSN 1931-857X, 09/2000, Volume 279, Issue 3, pp. 584 - 591
l-Carnitine is essential for the translocation of acyl-carnitine into the mitochondria for β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. It is taken up into the cells... 
secondary carnitine deficiency | CELLS | PHYSIOLOGY | CATION/CARNITINE TRANSPORTER | ACID | SPECIFICITY | RAT-KIDNEY | DEFICIENCY | human sodium-driven organic cation transporter 2 | ORGANIC CATION TRANSPORTERS | BORDER-MEMBRANE-VESICLES | pharmacology | UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY | MOLECULAR-CLONING | carnitine transport | OCTN2
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