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1. Full Text Cx43-and Smad-Mediated TGF-β/BMP Signaling Pathway Promotes Cartilage Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Inhibits Osteoblast Differentiation
by Zhang, Ya-Dong and Zhao, Shi-Chang and Zhu, Zhong-Sheng and Wang, Yi-Fei and Liu, Jian-Xiang and Zhang, Zhi-Cai and Xue, Feng
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, ISSN 1015-8987, 07/2017, Volume 42, Issue 4, pp. 1277 - 1293
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Cx43-and Smad-mediated TGF-beta/BMP signaling pathway on the differentiation of bone... 
Smad1 | BMP2 | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells | Cartilage differentiation | Cx43 | Osteoblast differentiation | AMINO-PROPEPTIDE | DEFECTS | PHYSIOLOGY | CHONDROGENIC DIFFERENTIATION | CELL BIOLOGY | UMBILICAL-CORD | GENE-EXPRESSION | ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES | EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX | MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS | STROMAL CELLS | BMSCS | Osteopontin - genetics | Chondrocytes - cytology | Rats, Wistar | Chondrogenesis - genetics | Osteocalcin - genetics | Osteopontin - metabolism | Rats, Nude | Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit - metabolism | Collagen Type II - metabolism | Transfection | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - metabolism | Injections, Subcutaneous | Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology | Cartilage - cytology | Smad1 Protein - genetics | Adenoviridae - genetics | Cell Differentiation | Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism | Chondrocytes - metabolism | Osteogenesis - genetics | Connexin 43 - genetics | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - genetics | Connexin 43 - metabolism | Genetic Vectors - chemistry | Signal Transduction | Bone Marrow Cells - cytology | Osteocalcin - metabolism | Gene Expression Regulation | Genetic Vectors - metabolism | Rats | Aggrecans - metabolism | Cartilage - metabolism | Aggrecans - genetics | Collagen Type II - genetics | Animals | Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics | Smad1 Protein - metabolism | Adenoviridae - metabolism | Primary Cell Culture | Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism | Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism | Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit - genetics | Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation | Biomedical materials | Tissue engineering | Stem cells | Cell cycle | Bone marrow | Arthritis | Gene expression | Potassium | Index Medicus
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2. Full Text BMP2 induces chondrogenic differentiation, osteogenic differentiation and endochondral ossification in stem cells
by Zhou, Nian and Li, Qi and Lin, Xin and Hu, Ning and Liao, Jun-Yi and Lin, Liang-Bo and Zhao, Chen and Hu, Zhen-Ming and Liang, Xi and Xu, Wei and Chen, Hong and Huang, Wei
Cell and Tissue Research, ISSN 0302-766X, 10/2016, Volume 366, Issue 1, pp. 101 - 111
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) super-family, is one of the main chondrogenic growth factors involved... 
Human Genetics | Cartilage tissue engineering | Biomedicine | Chondrogenic differentiation | Bone morphogenetic protein 2 | Stem cell | Proteomics | Molecular Medicine | Osteogenic differentiation | BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2 | CHONDROCYTE MATURATION | RUNX2 | MULTIPOTENTIAL MESENCHYMAL CELLS | CELL BIOLOGY | CARTILAGE FORMATION | GROWTH | MICROMASS CULTURES | SOX9 | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR | SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT | Biomarkers - metabolism | Chondrocytes - pathology | Green Fluorescent Proteins - metabolism | Humans | Fetus - metabolism | Stem Cells - cytology | Bone Development | Stem Cells - metabolism | Extremities - embryology | Collagen - metabolism | Animals | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - metabolism | Staining and Labeling | HEK293 Cells | Cell Differentiation | Mice | Adenoviridae - metabolism | Chondrogenesis | Osteogenesis | Hypertrophy | Bone morphogenetic proteins | Transforming growth factors | Tissue engineering | Stem cells | Morphogenesis | Cartilage | Index Medicus
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3. Full Text The effect of matrix stiffness on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in response to TGF-β
by Park, Jennifer S and Chu, Julia S and Tsou, Anchi D and Diop, Rokhaya and Tang, Zhenyu and Wang, Aijun and Li, Song
Biomaterials, ISSN 0142-9612, 2011, Volume 32, Issue 16, pp. 3921 - 3930
Abstract Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a valuable cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Transforming growth factor β... 
Advanced Basic Science | Dentistry | Smooth muscle cell | Extracellular matrix | Matrix rigidity | Chondrocyte | Cell adhesion | Mesenchymal stem cells | MIGRATION | MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS | ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL | IN-VITRO CHONDROGENESIS | SUBSTRATE | RHO | SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS | STRAIN | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects | Cell Proliferation | Humans | Cells, Cultured | Smad2 Protein - metabolism | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism | Immunoblotting | Smad3 Protein - metabolism | Acrylic Resins - chemistry | Cell Adhesion | Collagen Type II - metabolism | Transforming Growth Factor beta - pharmacology | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology | Cell Differentiation - drug effects | rho GTP-Binding Proteins - metabolism | Polymerase Chain Reaction | Cytoskeleton - metabolism | Lipoprotein Lipase - metabolism | Index Medicus | smooth muscle cell | chondrocyte | matrix rigidity | cell adhesion | mesenchymal stem cells
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4. Full Text Interactions between Sox9 and β-catenin control chondrocyte differentiation
by Akiyama, Haruhiko and Lyons, Jon P and Mori-Akiyama, Yuko and Yang, Xiaohong and Zhang, Ren and Zhang, Zhaoping and Deng, Jian Min and Taketo, Makoto M and Nakamura, Takashi and Behringer, Richard R and McCrea, Pierre D and De Crombrugghe, Benoit
Genes and Development, ISSN 0890-9369, 05/2004, Volume 18, Issue 9, pp. 1072 - 1087
Chondrogenesis is a multistep process that is essential for endochondral bone formation. Previous results have indicated a role for beta-catenin and Wnt... 
β-catenin | Chondrocyte differentiation | Sox9 | beta-catenin | AUTOSOMAL SEX REVERSAL | CYCLIN D1 | CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA | CRE RECOMBINASE | DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY | INDIAN HEDGEHOG | ENDOCHONDRAL BONE | SRY-RELATED GENE | CARTILAGE FORMATION | WNT SIGNALING PATHWAYS | RETINOIC ACID | chondrocyte differentiation | GENETICS & HEREDITY | Cyclin D1 - metabolism | Chondrocytes - cytology | Transcription Factors - chemistry | Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics | Trans-Activators - physiology | Chondrocytes - physiology | Mice, Mutant Strains | Cell Division | Trans-Activators - genetics | Transcription, Genetic | Cell Differentiation | Cytoskeletal Proteins - physiology | Binding Sites | Gene Expression | Transcription Factors - physiology | Signal Transduction | beta Catenin | High Mobility Group Proteins - chemistry | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Xenopus laevis | Mice, Transgenic | Transcription Factors - genetics | Xenopus Proteins | Phenotype | Animals | Enhancer Elements, Genetic | Models, Biological | Heterozygote | High Mobility Group Proteins - physiology | Mice | SOX9 Transcription Factor | High Mobility Group Proteins - genetics | Index Medicus | Research Papers
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5. Full Text Sox9 potentiates BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation and inhibits BMP2-induced osteogenic differentiation
by Liao, Junyi and Hu, Ning and Zhou, Nian and Lin, Liangbo and Zhao, Chen and Yi, Shixiong and Fan, Tingxu and Bao, Wei and Liang, Xi and Chen, Hong and Xu, Wei and Chen, Cheng and Cheng, Qiang and Zeng, Yongming and Si, Weike and Yang, Zhong and Huang, Wei
PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, 02/2014, Volume 9, Issue 2, pp. e89025 - e89025
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is one of the key chondrogenic growth factors involved in the cartilage regeneration. However, it also exhibits osteogenic... 
ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION | CARTILAGE REPAIR | TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS | PROGENITOR CELLS | ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | GROWTH-FACTOR 2 | RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUSES | MEDIATED GENE-TRANSFER | MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS | SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT | Chondrocytes - cytology | Chondrogenesis - genetics | Humans | Male | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - metabolism | Injections, Subcutaneous | Cartilage - cytology | HEK293 Cells | Adenoviridae - genetics | Cell Differentiation | Transgenes | Chondrocytes - metabolism | Osteogenesis - genetics | Tissue Engineering | SOX9 Transcription Factor - metabolism | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - genetics | Cartilage - growth & development | Gene Expression | Osteocytes - metabolism | Osteocytes - cytology | Cells, Cultured | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism | Cartilage - metabolism | Animals | Mice, Nude | Mice | Genetic Vectors | SOX9 Transcription Factor - genetics | Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation | Tissue engineering | Bone morphogenetic proteins | Stem cells | Transcription factors | Mesenchyme | Sox9 protein | Genes | Stem cell transplantation | Arthritis | Ossification | Cartilage | Biomedical materials | Surgery | Bone marrow | Biocompatibility | Inhibition | Chondrogenesis | Growth factors | Bone (endochondral) | Bone morphogenetic protein 2 | Hematology | Implantation | Cultures | Regeneration | Hospitals | Adenoviruses | Chondrocytes | Differentiation | Osteogenesis | Hypertrophy | Index Medicus
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6. Full Text Cell‐Assembled Graphene Biocomposite for Enhanced Chondrogenic Differentiation
by Lee, Wong Cheng and Lim, Candy Haley and Kenry and Su, Chenliang and Loh, Kian Ping and Lim, Chwee Teck
Small, ISSN 1613-6810, 02/2015, Volume 11, Issue 8, pp. 963 - 969
Graphene‐based nanomaterials are increasingly being explored for use as biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications due to their... 
graphene oxide | stem cells | tissue engineering | graphene | biocomposites | PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER | PHYSICS, APPLIED | OXIDE | CHONDROCYTES | MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL | NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY | CULTURE | CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS | IN-VITRO CHONDROGENESIS | ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE | PELLET | Chondrocytes - cytology | Tissue Engineering - methods | Bone Marrow Cells - cytology | Cell Survival | Nanotechnology - methods | Biocompatible Materials - chemistry | Humans | Oxides - chemistry | Cells, Cultured | Stress, Mechanical | Collagen - chemistry | Blood Proteins - chemistry | Nanostructures - chemistry | Cell Differentiation | Graphite - chemistry | Porosity | Chondrogenesis | Spectrophotometry | Biological products | Cell differentiation | Graphene | Graphite | Bone marrow | Stem cells | Index Medicus | Platforms | Construction | Bones | Oxides | Differentiation | Flakes | Culture
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7. Full Text HIF-1α as a Regulator of BMP2-Induced Chondrogenic Differentiation, Osteogenic Differentiation, and Endochondral Ossification in Stem Cells
by Zhou, Nian and Hu, Ning and Liao, Jun-Yi and Lin, Liang-Bo and Zhao, Chen and Si, Wei-Ke and Yang, Zhong and Yi, Shi-Xiong and Fan, Ting-Xu and Bao, Wei and Liang, Xi and Wei, Xu and Chen, Hong and Chen, Cheng and Chen, Qiang and Lin, Xin and Huang, Wei
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, ISSN 1015-8987, 05/2015, Volume 36, Issue 1, pp. 44 - 60
Background/Aims: Joint cartilage defects are difficult to treat due to the limited self-repair capacities of cartilage. Cartilage tissue engineering based on... 
Original Paper | Cartilage tissue engineering | Chondrogenic differentiation | Bone morphogenetic protein 2 | Hypoxia inducible factor-1α | Osteogenic differentiation | Stem cell | PHYSIOLOGY | CHONDROCYTES | MESENCHYMAL CELLS | TISSUE | HYPOXIA | CARTILAGE | CELL BIOLOGY | Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha | BONE-FORMATION | MICROMASS CULTURES | SOX9 | STROMAL CELLS | SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT | SOX9 Transcription Factor - metabolism | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - genetics | Forelimb - growth & development | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - genetics | Forelimb - embryology | Humans | Cells, Cultured | Gene Expression Regulation | Mesenchymal Stem Cells - physiology | Male | Hyaline Cartilage - physiology | Animals | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - metabolism | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - metabolism | HEK293 Cells | Cell Differentiation | Mice | Chondrogenesis | Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism | SOX9 Transcription Factor - genetics | Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation | Osteogenesis | Index Medicus
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8. Full Text SIRT1 regulates differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by deacetylating β‐catenin
by Simic, Petra and Zainabadi, Kayvan and Bell, Eric and Sykes, David B and Saez, Borja and Lotinun, Sutada and Baron, Roland and Scadden, David and Schipani, Ernestina and Guarente, Leonard
EMBO Molecular Medicine, ISSN 1757-4676, 03/2013, Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 430 - 440
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi‐potent cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myocytes. This potential declines... 
fat | bone | sirtuin | mesenchymal stem cells | cartilage | Fat | Cartilage | Bone | Sirtuin | Mesenchymal stem cells | MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | LIFE-SPAN | OXIDATIVE STRESS | OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION | BONE-MARROW | RUNX2 GENE-EXPRESSION | PROMOTES PROLIFERATION | CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS | STROMAL CELLS | SUPPRESSES OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION | CALORIE RESTRICTION | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - enzymology | Sirtuin 1 - metabolism | Age Factors | Male | Green Fluorescent Proteins - genetics | Sirtuin 1 - genetics | Cell Differentiation - genetics | Blastomeres - metabolism | Cell Nucleus - metabolism | Time Factors | Female | Transcription, Genetic | Acetylation | Sirtuin 1 - deficiency | Chondrogenesis | Chondrocytes - metabolism | Adipogenesis | Signal Transduction | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Cells, Cultured | Genotype | Mice, Transgenic | Mice, SCID | beta Catenin - metabolism | beta Catenin - genetics | Mice, Knockout | Phenotype | Animals | Embryo Transfer | Green Fluorescent Proteins - biosynthesis | Adipocytes - metabolism | Mice | Mutation | Osteoblasts - metabolism | Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation | Osteogenesis | Apoptosis | Index Medicus
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9. Full Text Primary murine limb bud mesenchymal cells in long-term culture complete chondrocyte differentiation: TGF-β delays hypertrophy and PGE2 inhibits terminal differentiation
by Zhang, Xinping and Ziran, Navid and Goater, J.Jeffery and Schwarz, Edward M and Puzas, J.Edward and Rosier, Randy N and Zuscik, Michael and Drissi, Hicham and O'Keefe, Regis J
Bone, ISSN 8756-3282, 2004, Volume 34, Issue 5, pp. 809 - 817
In vitro models of endochondral bone formation using both primary and immortalized cells have provided insight regarding factors and signaling pathways... 
Chondrocyte hypertrophy | Chondrogenesis | Mesenchymal cell | FACTOR VEGF | ENDOCHONDRAL BONE-FORMATION | chondrocyte hypertrophy | PATTERN-FORMATION | GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA | COLLAGEN GENE | mesenchymal cell | TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 | FRACTURE REPAIR | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | PLATE CHONDROCYTES | EMBRYONIC LIMB | chondrogenesis | SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT | Dinoprostone - pharmacology | Chondrocytes - cytology | Limb Buds - cytology | Cells, Cultured | Mesoderm - drug effects | Mesoderm - cytology | DNA Primers | Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction | Pregnancy | Chondrocytes - drug effects | Transforming Growth Factor beta - pharmacology | Animals | In Situ Hybridization | Cell Differentiation - drug effects | Base Sequence | Female | Mice | Index Medicus
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10. Full Text Intervertebral Disc Cell–Mediated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation
by Richardson, Stephen M and Walker, Rachael V and Parker, Siân and Rhodes, Nicholas P and Hunt, John A and Freemont, Anthony J and Hoyland, Judith A
STEM CELLS, ISSN 1066-5099, 03/2006, Volume 24, Issue 3, pp. 707 - 716
Low back pain is one of the largest health problems in the Western world today, and intervertebral disc degeneration has been identified as a main cause.... 
Mesenchymal stem cell | Coculture | Chondrocyte‐like | Nucleus pulposus | Differentiation | Chondrocyte-like | DIACETATE SUCCINIMIDYL ESTER | mesenchymal stem cell | differentiation | QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS | CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING | CELL BIOLOGY | HUMAN ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE | IN-VITRO | coculture | NOTOCHORDAL CELLS | NUCLEUS PULPOSUS CELLS | ONCOLOGY | chondrocyte-like | BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY | nucleus pulposus | GROWTH-FACTORS | GENE-EXPRESSION | STROMAL CELLS | HEMATOLOGY | UP-REGULATION | Intervertebral Disc - cytology | Chondrocytes - cytology | Bone Marrow Cells - cytology | Coculture Techniques | Humans | Cells, Cultured | Bone Marrow Cells - physiology | Gene Expression Regulation - physiology | Cell Communication - physiology | Male | Regeneration - physiology | Antigens, Differentiation - biosynthesis | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology | Chondrocytes - physiology | Adolescent | Aged | Intervertebral Disc - physiology | Cell Differentiation - physiology | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - physiology | Index Medicus
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11. Full Text Transforming Growth Factor‐β‐Induced KDM4B Promotes Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
by Lee, Hye‐Lim and Yu, Bo and Deng, Peng and Wang, Cun‐Yu and Hong, Christine
STEM CELLS, ISSN 1066-5099, 03/2016, Volume 34, Issue 3, pp. 711 - 719
The high prevalence of cartilage diseases and limited treatment options create a significant biomedical burden. Due to the inability of cartilage to regenerate... 
Transforming growth factor‐β | KDM4B | SOX9 | Chondrogenesis | Differentiation | Mesenchymal stem cells | Transforming growth factor-β | CANCER CELLS | TRANSCRIPTION | Transforming growth factor-beta | HISTONE DEMETHYLASE JMJD2B | EPIGENETIC CHANGES | CARTILAGE | COACTIVATORS | CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING | CELL BIOLOGY | TRIMETHYLATION | ONCOLOGY | BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY | DISEASE | STROMAL CELLS | HEMATOLOGY | Cartilage - growth & development | Cell Line | Promoter Regions, Genetic | Chondrocytes - cytology | Chondrogenesis - genetics | Humans | Signal Transduction - genetics | Cartilage - metabolism | Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases - genetics | Cell Differentiation - genetics | Regeneration | Smad3 Protein - genetics | SOX9 Transcription Factor - biosynthesis | Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics | Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases - biosynthesis | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells | Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics | Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental | SOX9 Transcription Factor - genetics | Osteogenesis - genetics | Index Medicus
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12. Full Text Hypertrophic differentiation during chondrogenic differentiation of progenitor cells is stimulated by BMP-2 but suppressed by BMP-7
by Caron, M.M.J and Emans, P.J and Cremers, A and Surtel, D.A.M and Coolsen, M.M.E and van Rhijn, L.W and Welting, T.J.M
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, ISSN 1063-4584, 2013, Volume 21, Issue 4, pp. 604 - 613
Summary Objective Bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-2 and BMP-7 are clinically approved and their recombinant proteins are used for bone tissue regenerative... 
Rheumatology | Bone morphogenic protein 7 | Chondrogenic differentiation | Bapx1/Nkx3.2 | Progenitor cells | Bone morphogenic protein 2 | CARTILAGE REPAIR | BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN | HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES | RHEUMATOLOGY | MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS | IN-VITRO | GENE-EXPRESSION | GROWTH-PLATE | OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN-1 | LIMB CHONDROGENESIS | ORTHOPEDICS | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - pharmacology | Chondrocytes - pathology | Rabbits | Chondrocytes - cytology | Chondrogenesis - drug effects | Transcription Factors - physiology | Humans | Cells, Cultured | Stem Cells - cytology | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Chondrocytes - drug effects | Animals | Cell Enlargement - drug effects | Cell Differentiation - drug effects | Stem Cells - drug effects | Bone Marrow Cells - drug effects | Homeodomain Proteins - physiology | Cell Differentiation - physiology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 - pharmacology | Hypertrophy | Recombinant proteins | Analysis | Index Medicus
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