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1. INFLUENCE OF NITRIC OXIDE ON HISTAMINE AND CARBACHOL – INDUCED GASTRIC ACID SECRETION IN THE COMMON AFRICAN TOAD – BUFO REGULARIS
by Alada, A. R. A and Salahdeen, H. M and Akande, O. O and Idolor, G. O
INFLUENCE OF NITRIC OXIDE ON HISTAMINE AND CARBACHOL – INDUCED GASTRIC ACID SECRETION IN THE COMMON AFRICAN TOAD – BUFO REGULARIS, 12/2005
The study aimed to determine the influence of nitric oxide (NO) on the action of histamine and carbachol on acid secretion in the common African toad – Bufo... 
Nitric oxide, Histamine, Carbachol, Acid secretion
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2. Full Text Association of muscarinic M.sub.3 receptors and Kir6.1 with caveolae in human detrusor muscle
by Ekman, Mari and Rippe, Catarina and Sadegh, Mardjaneh Karbalaei and Dabestani, Saeed and Morgelin, Matthias and Uvelius, Bengt and Sward, Karl
European Journal of Pharmacology, ISSN 0014-2999, 05/2012, Volume 683, Issue 1-3, p. 238
Caveolae are 50-100nm large membrane invaginations that play a role in cellular signaling. The aim of the present study was to assess whether muscarinic... 
Carbachol | Cyclodextrins
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3. Full Text A role for M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in the contraction of rat and human small airways
by Brown, Stephanie M and Koarai, Akira and Sturton, Richard G and Nicholson, Andrew G and Barnes, Peter J and Donnelly, Louise E
European Journal of Pharmacology, ISSN 0014-2999, 02/2013, Volume 702, Issue 1-3, pp. 109 - 115
Large airway bronchoconstriction acts mainly through cholinergic pathways via muscarinic M receptors with some contribution from M receptors. By contrast, the... 
Carbachol | Bronchoconstriction | PCLS
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4. Full Text Intracellular Ca.sup.2+ regulation and electrophysiolgical properties of bladder urothelium subjected to stretch and exogenous agonists
by Wu, C and Gui, G.P and Fry, C.H
Cell Calcium, ISSN 0143-4160, 06/2011, Volume 49, Issue 6, p. 395
Intracellular Ca.sup.2+ control and the electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig urothelium were measured during interventions encountered during bladder... 
Carbachol | Analysis
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5. Full Text Carbachol dimers as homobivalent modulators of muscarinic receptors
by Matucci, Rosanna and Nesi, Marta and Martino, Maria Vittoria and Bellucci, Cristina and Manetti, Dina and Ciuti, Elisa and Mazzolari, Angelica and Dei, Silvia and Guandalini, Luca and Teodori, Elisabetta and Vistoli, Giulio and Romanelli, Maria Novella
Biochemical Pharmacology, ISSN 0006-2952, 05/2016, Volume 108, pp. 90 - 101
A series of homodimers of the well-known cholinergic agonist carbachol have been synthesized, showing the two agonist units symmetrically connected through a... 
Bivalent ligand | Carbachol | Allosteric modulation | Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor | DESIGN | ALLOSTERIC INTERACTIONS | PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS | AGONISTS | ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS | SUBTYPE SELECTIVITY | BIVALENT LIGANDS | DRUG DEVELOPMENT | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | DERIVATIVES | POLYMETHYLENE TETRAAMINES | Carbachol - chemistry | Phosphorylation | Guinea Pigs | Cricetulus | Humans | Male | Structure-Activity Relationship | Carbachol - pharmacology | Muscle, Smooth - drug effects | Ileum - drug effects | Animals | Muscle Contraction | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - metabolism | Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology | Muscle, Smooth - physiology | Ileum - physiology | Molecular Docking Simulation | Radioligand Assay | Binding Sites | Dimerization | CHO Cells | Carbachol - analogs & derivatives | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - metabolism | Cardiotonic agents | Cardiac glycosides | Index Medicus
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6. Simultaneous measurements of changes in sarcoplasmic reticulum and cytosolic [Ca super(2+)] in rat uterine smooth muscle cells
by Shmigol, AV and Eisner, DA and Wray, S
Journal of Physiology (London), ISSN 0022-3751, 03/2001, Volume 531, Issue 3, pp. 707 - 713
The role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was investigated in spontaneous and agonist-induced uterine Ca super(2+) transients, by combining low- (mag-fluo-4)... 
carbachol
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7. Relaxant Activity of the Methanol Extract of Acanthus Montanus (Nees) T Anderson (Acanthaceae) on Isolated Guinea Pig Trachea
by Adeyemi, OO and Mgbeokwere, UO and Okpo, SO
11/2012
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of the methanol extract of Acanthus montanus on guinea pig trachealis muscle. Methods: Guinea pig tracheae were set up in 10... 
Carbachol | Procaine | Potassium channels | Glibenclamide | Propranolol | Acanthus montanus | Trachea
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8. Full Text Novel long‐acting antagonists of muscarinic ACh receptors
by Randáková, Alena and Rudajev, Vladimír and Doležal, Vladimír and Boulos, John and Jakubík, Jan
British Journal of Pharmacology, ISSN 0007-1188, 05/2018, Volume 175, Issue 10, pp. 1731 - 1743
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop potent and long-acting antagonists of muscarinic ACh receptors. The 4-hexyloxy and 4-butyloxy... 
LIGANDS | DISEASE | M-1 RECEPTOR | PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | XANOMELINE | BINDING | ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR | AGONIST | PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | Carbachol - chemistry | Cricetulus | Pyridines - chemistry | Cells, Cultured | Pyridines - chemical synthesis | Muscarinic Antagonists - chemical synthesis | Receptors, Muscarinic - metabolism | Structure-Activity Relationship | Muscarinic Antagonists - chemistry | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Carbachol - pharmacology | Animals | Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology | Molecular Structure | Pyridines - pharmacology | CHO Cells | Acetylcholine receptors (muscarinic) | Therapeutic applications | Medical treatment | Epilepsy | Cognitive ability | Derivatives | Mental depression | Biological activity | Organophosphates | Antagonism | Receptors | Carbachol | Neostriatum | Intoxication | Dystonia | Research Papers | Research Paper
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9. A Role for Protein Kinase C epsilon in the Inhibitory Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor on Calcium-stimulated Chloride Secretion in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells
by Chow, JYC and Uribe, JM and Barrett, KE
Journal of Biological Chemistry, ISSN 0021-9258, 07/2000, Volume 275, Issue 28, pp. 21169 - 21176
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) inhibits carbachol-induced chloride secretion in T sub(84) colonic epithelial cells and has been shown to activate... 
carbachol
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10. Full Text Carbachol-induced [beta] oscillations in three regions of rat hippocampal slices
by Arai, Jun and Takahashi, Masaaki and Natsume, Kiyohisa
International Congress Series, ISSN 0531-5131, 06/2006, Volume 1295, p. 89
The carbachol-induced [beta] oscillation was studied using rat hippocampal slices. With the application of carbachol or carbachol and 5 [mu]M bicuculline, the... 
Carbachol
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11. Full Text Sex steroids effects on guinea pig airway smooth muscle tone and intracellular Ca.sup.2+ basal levels
by Flores-Soto, Edgar and Reyes-Garcia, Jorge and Carbajal-Garcia, Abril and Campuzano-Gonzalez, Elias and Perusquia, Mercedes and Sommer, Bettina and Montano, Luis M
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, ISSN 0303-7207, 01/2017, Volume 439, p. 444
Testosterone (TES), other androgens and female sex steroids induce non-genomic rapid relaxing effects in airway smooth muscle (ASM). In guinea pig ASM, basal... 
Testosterone | Smooth muscle | Dehydroepiandrosterone | Indomethacin | Carbachol | Estradiol
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12. Hippocampal Astrocytes Exhibit Ca super(2+)-Elevating Muscarinic Cholinergic and Histaminergic Receptors In Situ
by Shelton, MK and McCarthy, KD
Journal of Neurochemistry, ISSN 0022-3042, 02/2000, Volume 74, Issue 2, pp. 555 - 563
Recent findings suggest that astrocytes respond to neuronally released neurotransmitters with Ca super(2+) elevations. These Ca super(2+) elevations may... 
carbachol
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13. Full Text A simple method for quantifying functional selectivity and agonist bias
by Kenakin, Terry and Watson, Christian and Muniz-Medina, Vanessa and Christopoulos, Arthur and Novick, Steven
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, ISSN 1948-7193, 03/2012, Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 193 - 203
Activation of seven-transmembrane (7TM) receptors by agonists does not always lead to uniform activation of all signaling pathways mediated by a given... 
receptor theory | drug discovery | stimulus bias | functional selectivity | receptor methods | Biased agonism | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL | EFFICACY | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS | NEUROSCIENCES | ACTIVE STATE | PHARMACOLOGICAL AGONISM | SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION | SMOOTH-MUSCLE | LIGANDS | ADENYLYL-CYCLASE | INTERACTING PROTEINS | Carbachol - chemistry | Oxotremorine - pharmacology | Cricetinae | Oxotremorine - chemistry | Guinea Pigs | Cricetulus | Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - physiology | Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - agonists | Carbachol - pharmacology | Ileum - drug effects | Animals | Ileum - physiology | Organ Culture Techniques | CHO Cells
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14. Full Text Potentiation of the activation of cholinergic receptors by multivalent presentation of ligands supported on gold nanoparticles
by Mattern, A and Machka, F and Wickleder, M.S and Ilyaskina, O.S and Bünemann, M and Diener, Ervice and Pouokam, Ervice
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, ISSN 1477-0520, 2018, Volume 16, Issue 36, pp. 6680 - 6687
Gold nanoparticles (NP) with a functionalized ligand shell offer the possibility to potentiate the action of agonists at the receptor site by multivalency. In... 
DYNAMICS | CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC | CELLS | Gold - chemistry | Carbachol - chemistry | Carbachol - pharmacology | Animals | Receptors, Cholinergic - metabolism | Humans | Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry | HEK293 Cells | Rats | Ligands
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15. Muscarinic Receptor Activation Induces Depolarizing Plateau Potentials in Bursting Neurons of the Rat Subiculum
by Kawasaki, Hiroto and Palmieri, C and Avoli, M
Journal of Neurophysiology, ISSN 0022-3077, 11/1999, Volume 82, Issue 5, pp. 2590 - 2601
Acetylcholine functions as a neuromodulator in the mammalian brain by binding to specific receptors and thus bringing about profound changes in neuronal... 
carbachol
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16. Carbachol Induces Fast Oscillations in the Medial but not in the Lateral Entorhinal Cortex of the Isolated Guinea Pig Brain
by Van Der Linden, S and Panzica, F and De Curtis, M
Journal of Neurophysiology, ISSN 0022-3077, 11/1999, Volume 82, Issue 5, pp. 2441 - 2450
Fast oscillations at 25-80 Hz (gamma activity) have been proposed to play a role in attention-related mechanisms and synaptic plasticity in cortical... 
carbachol
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17. Full Text Design, synthesis and binding affinity of acetylcholine carbamoyl analogues
by Bolchi, Cristiano and Valoti, Ermanno and Binda, Matteo and Fasoli, Francesca and Ferrara, Rossana and Fumagalli, Laura and Gotti, Cecilia and Matucci, Rosanna and Vistoli, Giulio and Pallavicini, Marco
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, ISSN 0960-894X, 12/2013, Volume 23, Issue 23, pp. 6481 - 6485
A series of acetylcholine carbamoyl analogues, cyclised at the carbamate moiety or at the cationic head or at both, were tested for binding affinity at... 
Affinity | Oxazolidinone | Carbachol | Ligand | nAChR | Carbamoyl | SMOKING-CESSATION | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL | ANTAGONIST | 5-(2-PYRROLIDINYL)OXAZOLIDINONES | CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC | 2-(2-PYRROLIDINYL)BENZODIOXANES | ENTRAINMENT RESOLUTION | CARNITINAMIDE | ALPHA-4-BETA-2 NICOTINIC AFFINITY | HOMOLOGS | RECEPTOR AGONIST | DERIVATIVES | Acetylcholine - chemical synthesis | Acetylcholine - chemistry | Carbachol - chemistry | Cricetulus | Acetylcholine - analogs & derivatives | Humans | Models, Molecular | Structure-Activity Relationship | Carbamates - chemistry | Carbamates - chemical synthesis | Animals | Drug Design | Carbachol - chemical synthesis | Ligands | Binding Sites | CHO Cells | Carbachol - analogs & derivatives | Acetylcholine | Acetylcholine receptors (muscarinic)
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18. Muscarinic Control of Dendritic Excitability and Ca super(2+) Signaling in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons in Rat Hippocampal Slice
by Egorov, AV and Gloveli, T and Mueller, W
Journal of Neurophysiology, ISSN 0022-3077, 10/1999, Volume 82, Issue 4, pp. 1909 - 1915
The cholinergic system is critically involved in synaptic models of learning and memory by enhancing dendritic [Ca super(2+)] sub(i) signals. Diffuse... 
carbachol
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19. Full Text Studies of mucus in mouse stomach, small intestine, and colon. I. Gastrointestinal mucus layers have different properties depending on location as well as over the Peyer's patches
by Ermund, Anna and Schütte, André and Johansson, Malin E.V and Gustafsson, Jenny K and Hansson, Gunnar C and Sahlgrenska akademin and Göteborgs universitet and Gothenburg University and Institutionen för biomedicin, avdelningen för medicinsk kemi och cellbiologi and Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Sahlgrenska Academy
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, ISSN 0193-1857, 09/2013, Volume 305, Issue 5, pp. G341 - G347
Colon has been shown to have a two-layered mucus system where the inner layer is devoid of bacteria. However, a complete overview of the mouse gastrointestinal... 
Bacteria | Mucus thickness | Goblet cells | Mucin | Mucus adhesiveness | mucus adhesiveness | PHYSIOLOGY | bacteria | HOST | MICROBIOTA | M-CELLS | mucus thickness | goblet cells | EPITHELIUM | mucin | IN-VIVO | BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH | CYSTIC-FIBROSIS | SECRETION | ACCUMULATION | GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY | Gastric Mucosa - microbiology | Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism | Peyer's Patches - metabolism | Colon - drug effects | Fluorescent Dyes - metabolism | Male | Microscopy, Video | Peyer's Patches - drug effects | Gastric Mucosa - metabolism | Intestinal Absorption | Intestinal Mucosa - drug effects | Time Factors | Gastric Mucosa - drug effects | Female | Mucus - metabolism | Dinoprostone - pharmacology | Adhesiveness | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology | Permeability | Colon - metabolism | Mucus - microbiology | Carbachol - pharmacology | Microscopy, Confocal | Animals | Intestine, Small - drug effects | Colon - microbiology | Mice | Intestine, Small - metabolism | Physiological aspects | Mucus | Health aspects | Gastrointestinal system | Mucosal Biology | Dinoprostone | Confocal | Gastric Mucosa | Intestine | pharmacology | Peyer's Patches | Colon | Intestinal Mucosa | Small | Cell and Molecular Biology | microbiology | drug effects | Inbred C57BL | Carbachol | Microscopy | Video | metabolism | Cell- och molekylärbiologi | Fluorescent Dyes
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20. Full Text Structural characterization and agonist binding to human [alpha]4[beta]2 nicotinic receptors
by Dacosta, Corrie J.B and Sturgeon, R. Michel and Hamouda, Ayman K and Blanton, Michael P and Baenziger, John E
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, ISSN 0006-291X, 04/2011, Volume 407, Issue 3, p. 456
a* First direct structural characterization of a human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. a* Neuronal [alpha]4[beta]2 and Torpedo nAChRs adopt the same... 
Carbachol | Fluorescence | Chemical properties
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