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1. Coal ash utilization
: fly ash, bottom ash and slag
by Torrey, S
1978, Pollution technology review, ISBN 0815507224, Volume no. 48, xiv, 370
Slag | Utilization | Coal ash
Book
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2. Full Text Removal of hazardous metals from MSW fly ash—An evaluation of ash leaching methods
by Karlfeldt Fedje, Karin and Ekberg, Christian and Skarnemark, Gunnar and Steenari, Britt-Marie
Journal of Hazardous Materials, ISSN 0304-3894, 2010, Volume 173, Issue 1, pp. 310 - 317
Incineration is a commonly applied management method for municipal solid waste (MSW). However, significant amounts of potentially hazardous metal species are... 
NH 4NO 3 | MSW ash | EDTA | Leaching | Metals | Organic acids | MUNICIPAL WASTE INCINERATION | HEAVY-METALS | BEHAVIOR | RELEASE | NH4NO3 | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES | EXTRACTION | ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL | BOTTOM ASH | SOIL | RESIDUES | WATER | Hazardous Substances - analysis | Solvents | Microscopy, Electron, Scanning | Coal Ash | Solubility | Metals - analysis | Edetic Acid | Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemistry | Thermodynamics | Particulate Matter - analysis | Acids | Incineration | Mass Spectrometry | Refuse Disposal | Metals, Heavy - analysis | Indicators and Reagents | Carbon - analysis | Kemi | Chemical Sciences
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3. Full Text Ash-related issues during biomass combustion: Alkali-induced slagging, silicate melt-induced slagging (ash fusion), agglomeration, corrosion, ash utilization, and related countermeasures
by Niu, Yanqing and Tan, Houzhang and Hui, Shi'en
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, ISSN 0360-1285, 02/2016, Volume 52, pp. 1 - 61
Biomass is available from many sources or can be mass-produced. Moreover, biomass has a high energy-generation potential, produces less toxic emissions than... 
Biomass ash | Additives | Corrosion | Agglomeration | Co-firing | Leaching | Slagging | PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES | ENERGY & FUELS | RICE ORYZA-SATIVA | ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | BOILER STEELS | PULVERIZED COAL | FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTION | CHLORINE DEPOSITION | THERMODYNAMICS | BOTTOM ASH | CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION | HIGH-TEMPERATURE CORROSION | FLY-ASH | Dichloropropane | Chemical reaction, Rate of | Analysis | Chlorides | Combustion | Electric power production | Carbonates | Silicates | Sulfates | Corrosion and anti-corrosives | Furnaces
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4. Full Text Effect of silicon–aluminum additives on ash fusion and ash mineral conversion of Xinjiang high-sodium coal
by Wei, Bo and Wang, Yibin and Wang, Zhao and Wang, Xuebin and Tan, Houzhang and Zhang, Limeng
Fuel, ISSN 0016-2361, 10/2016, Volume 181, pp. 1224 - 1229
The high sodium content in Xinjiang coal ash induces severe fouling and slagging in pulverized coal furnaces. To solve these problems, many people have... 
Additives | Ash fusion | Sodium fixation | High sodium coal | Mineral transformation | MELTING BEHAVIOR | TRANSFORMATION | COMBUSTION | MECHANISM | ENERGY & FUELS | DEPOSITION | KAOLIN | LIGNITE | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | PULVERIZED COAL | GASIFICATION | ZHUNDONG COAL | Silicon
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5. Full Text Coal Ash Deposition on Nozzle Guide Vanes-Part I Experimental Characteristics of Four Coal Ash Types
by Webb, J and Casaday, B and Barker, B and Bons, J.P and Gledhill, A.D and Padture, N.P
Journal of Turbomachinery, ISSN 0889-504X, 11/2012, Volume 135, Issue 2, pp. 1 - 9
An accelerated deposition test facility was operated with four different coal ash species to study the effect of ash composition on deposition rate and spatial... 
ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL | Mechanical properties | Nozzles | Equipment and supplies | Blades | Properties | Coal ash | Annular | Coal | Aerospace engines | Gas temperature | Ashes | Deposition | Inlets
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6. Reducing carbon-in-ash
by Dong, Nigel S
2010, CCC, ISBN 9789290294870, Volume 167., 64
Environmental aspects | Fly ash | Combustion | Carbon content | Coal-fired power plants | Coal, Pulverized
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7. Full Text Ash limitation of physical coal beneficiation for medium–high ash coal—A geochemistry perspective
by Wang, Wenfeng and Hao, Weiduo and Xu, Simon and Qian, Fuchang and Sang, Shuxun and Qin, Yong
Fuel, ISSN 0016-2361, 11/2014, Volume 135, pp. 83 - 90
Nowadays the industrial coal beneficiation in China could only reduce the ash yield to about 10%, which could not meet the requirement or standard of... 
Geochemistry | Correlation analysis | Coal ash yield | Physical coal beneficiation | ENERGY & FUELS | CHINA | HEALTH IMPACTS | MINERAL MATTER | HESHAN COALFIELD | INNER-MONGOLIA | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | TRACE-ELEMENTS | SHANXI PROVINCE | LATE PERMIAN COALS | MINING DISTRICT | EASTERN YUNNAN | Peat
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8. Full Text Xinjiang lignite ash slagging and flow under the weak reducing environment at high temperatures – Slag viscosity and its variation with ash type and addition of clay
by Dai, Baiqian and Wu, Xiaojiang and Zhao, Jie and Zhang, Lian
Fuel, ISSN 0016-2361, 06/2019, Volume 245, pp. 438 - 446
In this study, five different ashes derived from Xinjiang lignite were tested for slagging at 1300–1400 °C in a weak reducing environment (1% CO in nitrogen),... 
Viscosity | Modified inclined plane | Xinjiang lignite | Clay additive | 1300 DEGREES-C | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | DEPOSITS | MGO | ENERGY & FUELS | COAL ASH | MODEL | MELTS | Aluminum compounds | Rankings | Lignite | Analysis | Clay | Additives | Magnesium oxide | Exposure | High temperature | Ashes | Inclination | Aluminum oxide | Flow | Slag | Slagging
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9. Full Text Fly ash as a soil ameliorant for improving crop production—a review
by Jala, Sudha and Goyal, Dinesh
Bioresource Technology, ISSN 0960-8524, 2006, Volume 97, Issue 9, pp. 1136 - 1147
Fly ash, a resultant of combustion of coal at high temperature, has been regarded as a problematic solid waste all over the world. Many possible beneficial... 
Fly ash | Plant productivity | Soil amendment | PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES | SEWAGE-SLUDGE | MINESPOIL AMENDMENT | AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS | ENERGY & FUELS | soil amendment | DESULFURIZATION BY-PRODUCTS | fly ash | COAL ASH | AMENDED SOILS | AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING | BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY | plant productivity | COMBUSTION RESIDUES | STRIP MINE SPOILS | TRACE-ELEMENT UPTAKE | Microscopy, Electron, Scanning | Coal Ash | Particulate Matter | Soil - analysis | Agriculture - methods | Carbon - chemistry | Carbon - pharmacology | Water, Underground | Soils | Combustion | Environmental sciences
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10. Full Text The ash formation and attrition characteristics of an Indonesia lignite coal ash for a 550 MWe ultra supercritical CFB boiler
by Li, Dongfang and Ke, Xiwei and Yang, Hairui and Ahn, Seok-Gi and Lyu, Junfu and Jeon, Chung-Hwan and Zhang, Man
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, ISSN 0263-8762, 07/2019, Volume 147, pp. 579 - 586
The Samcheok CFBC (circulating fluidized bed combustion) power generation plant, the world largest, consists of 4 units of 550 MWe USC (ultra-supercritical)... 
Mass balance | Low ash content | Attrition | CFB | ELUTRIATION | PARTICLE ATTRITION | COMBUSTION | BEHAVIOR | FRAGMENTATION | LIMESTONE | BALANCE | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | CARBON ATTRITION | COMMINUTION | FLUIDIZED-BED CALCINATION | Fluidized bed reactors | Particle size | Burnout | Fluidized bed combustion | Mass balance models | Boilers | Silicon dioxide | Aluminum oxide | Fly ash | Electric power generation | Organic chemistry | Heterogeneity | Particle size distribution | Lignite | Coal | Comminution | Chemical composition | Fluidized beds
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11. Full Text The Tennessee Valley Authority's Kingston ash slide
: evaluation of potential causes and updates on cleanup efforts : hearing before the Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, July 28, 2009
United States. Congress.House.Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment
2009, ISBN 0160847400
Evaluation | Mineral industries | Coal-fired power plants | Coal ash | Environmental aspects | Dredging | Coal ash sites | Management | Waste disposal
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12. Full Text Relationship between ash fusion temperatures of ashes from hard coal, brown coal, and biomass and mineral phases under different atmospheres: A combined FactSage™ computational and network theoretical approach
by Reinmöller, Markus and Klinger, Mathias and Schreiner, Marcus and Gutte, Heiner
Fuel, ISSN 0016-2361, 07/2015, Volume 151, pp. 118 - 123
A broad set of ashes originating from national and international sources of hard coal, brown coal, and biomass is investigated under different ashing... 
Biomass | Ash fusion temperature | Thermochemical modeling | Mineral matter | Coal | Ash | MELTING BEHAVIOR | MATTER | COMBUSTION | ENERGY & FUELS | WASTES | BLENDS | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION | GASIFICATION | Lignite
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13. Full Text Relationship between coal ash composition and ash fusion temperatures
by Liu, Bo and He, Qihui and Jiang, Zihao and Xu, Renfu and Hu, Baixing
Fuel, ISSN 0016-2361, 03/2013, Volume 105, pp. 293 - 300
► This study is based on a five-component SiO –Al O –CaO–Fe O –K O system. ► This study uses a combination of XRD and SEM techniques. ► The effects of CaO, Fe... 
X-ray diffraction | Synthetic ash samples | Scanning electron microscope | Ash fusion temperatures | X-ray photoelectron spectrometer | ENERGY & FUELS | BEHAVIOR | VISCOSITY | MODEL | FLOW | PREDICTION | FUSIBILITY | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTION | POTASSIUM | Coal industry | Scanning electron microscopy | X-rays | Coal | Fusion temperature | Carbon | Ashes | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy | Bituminous coal
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