Articles

The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank is one of just a few regional central banks in the world and the only one where the member countries have pooled all their... 
Monetary unions | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank History | History | Eastern Caribbean Currency Union History

Edited by George M. von Furstenberg, this volume presents the rethinking of the functions and purposes served by international monetary arrangements at leading... 
Special drawing rights | International finance | Debts, External | Fund | International Monetary System | Sdrs

Emerging Europe was particularly hard hit by the global financial crisis, but a concerted effort by local policymakers and the international community staved... 
Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 | International Monetary Fund | Financial crises | Parex | Global Financial Crisis | Credit Boom | Boom-bust | Domestic-demand Boom | External Imbalances | Vulnerabilities | Emerging Europe | Absorption Boom | Overheating

The book covers a wide range of topics of relevance to policymakers in countries that have sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) and those that receive SWF... 

About one-third of countries covered by the IMF's African Department are members of the CFA franc zone. With most other countries moving away from fixed... 

And key messages -- Key principles of governance and investment management -- Governance of public pension assets -- Governance structures and accountabilities... 
Pension trusts | Investments | Financial crises | 21st century | INVESTMENT DECISIONS | INVESTMENT FUND | GLOBAL MARKETS | PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS | AUDIT COMMITTEE | INVESTMENT STRATEGY | INVESTMENT RISK | EQUITY MARKET VOLATILITY | OPPORTUNITY COSTS | FOREIGN CURRENCY | LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT | MACROECONOMIC STABILITY | HUMAN DEVELOPMENT | TRANSITION ECONOMIES | FISCAL BURDENS | INVESTMENT POLICY | GOOD GOVERNANCE | SAFER ASSETS | INTEREST RATES | HEDGES | LIABILITY | PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY | TRADING | RESERVE FUND | REPLACEMENT RATE | POLICY RESPONSES | FOREIGN EXCHANGE | HEDGE FUNDS | EQUITY INVESTMENTS | INVESTMENT CAPABILITIES | MUTUAL FUND | AUDITS | REGULATORY STANDARDS | EQUITY INDEX | LIQUIDITY | INVESTING | INVESTMENT CORPORATION | FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS | EXPOSURE TO RISKS | CASH FLOWS | RISK AVERSION | CURRENCY HEDGING | DISCOUNT RATES | GLOBAL PENSIONS | GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS | MARKET VALUES | POLITICAL RISKS | RETIREMENT AGE | TURNOVER | LOCAL CURRENCY | HEDGE FUND | CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS | PENSION SYSTEM | INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS | RISK MANAGEMENT | HEDGE RATIOS | PURCHASING POWER | INTERNATIONAL BANK | INVESTMENT HORIZON | INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES | FAIR VALUE | REAL ESTATE | RISK POOLING | PENSION FUND ASSETS | PENSION FUND | PENSION ASSET | DOMESTIC CAPITAL | FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS | INVENTORY | TRUSTEE | DEMOGRAPHIC | ILLIQUIDITY | ASSET CLASSES | GOVERNMENT BONDS | OUTPUT | REFORM PROGRAM | FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITY | PENSION FUNDS | RESERVE FUNDS | RETIREMENT SYSTEM | REPLACEMENT RATES | RESERVE | RETIREMENT SAVINGS | BENEFICIARIES | FINANCIAL ASSETS | INSURANCE | CODE OF CONDUCT | CONFLICT OF INTEREST | PENSION PRODUCT | ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT | REGULATORY AGENCIES | RETURN | PRIVATE PENSIONS | PENSIONS | PORTFOLIO RISK | EXPOSURE | CURRENCY | FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURES | PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT | REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT | INSTITUTIONAL INVESTMENT | PENSION SYSTEMS | FINANCIAL CRISES | PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS | FUND MANAGERS | HOME CURRENCY | PENSION PROVISION | RESERVES | SAVINGS | EQUITY MARKET | PRUDENTIAL REGULATION | COLLATERAL | GLOBAL PRIVATE EQUITY | RATES OF RETURN | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | PENSION | INVESTMENT MARKETS | INVESTMENT RISKS | COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE | MONETARY AUTHORITIES | PORTFOLIO ALLOCATION | HEDGE RATIO | ASSET MANAGERS | CREDIT RISK | DEFICITS | RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES | DERIVATIVES | TRUSTEES | PROVIDENT FUND | FINANCIAL MARKETS | FINANCIAL STABILITY | FINANCIAL SYSTEM | INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT | INFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRY | FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE | INFLATION RATE | INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS | RISK PREMIUMS | EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT | OLD-AGE INCOME | RISK PROFILE | RISK FACTORS | INVESTMENT MANAGER | PENSION ASSETS | TRANSACTION | DOMESTIC CURRENCY | CAPITAL MARKET | PUBLIC COMPANY | RISKY ASSETS | INVESTMENT FUNCTIONS | EMPLOYEES PENSION | RISK DIVERSIFICATION | CURRENCY RISK | SOLVENCY | OUTSOURCING | SECURITIES | RETURNS | INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS | COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER | REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS | FINANCIAL CRISIS | INTERNATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION | CORPORATE BONDS | ASSET MANAGEMENT | EQUITY RETURNS | INFLATION | EQUITY MARKETS | ALTERNATIVE ASSET | DEGREE OF TRANSPARENCY | HOLDING | PRICE DISCOVERY | SAFETY NETS | RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS | SAVINGS ACCOUNTS | ACCOUNTING STANDARDS | PORTFOLIOS | INVESTMENT CHOICES | TAX | FUND MANAGEMENT | PRIVATE EQUITY | VALUATIONS | SWAPS | DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS | FOREIGN MARKETS | ACCOUNTING | INVESTMENT STRATEGIES | TRANSACTION COSTS | TRADING COSTS | PENSION FUND ASSET | VALUATION | INTERNAL CONTROLS | ASSET CLASS | SWAP | INTEREST RATE | LOCAL CURRENCIES | TRADING VOLUME | INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS | INVESTMENT PROCESS | INVESTMENT GOVERNANCE | HUMAN CAPITAL | INVESTMENT POLICIES | USE OF DERIVATIVES | INVESTMENT CAPITAL | PUBLIC PENSION | PENSION PRODUCTS | TRANSPARENCY | ASSET VALUES | TREASURY | REGULATORS | BASIS POINTS | PORTFOLIO | PENSION LIABILITIES | HOLDINGS | INVESTMENT MANAGERS | EQUITIES | FOREIGN INVESTMENT | BANKING SECTOR | ASSET GROWTH | OPTIMAL INVESTMENT | INVESTMENT PROFESSIONALS | LEVEL OF RISK

This occasional paper provides an overview of the economic reform experiences of the Central Asian states of the former Soviet Union since their independence... 
Asia, Central Economic conditions | Asia, Central Economic policy

These guidelines are intended to assist countries in strengthening their policy frameworks for reserve management so that they can become more resilient to... 
Bank reserves | Foreign exchange | Foreign Exchange Reserves | Reserve Management Policy

Following a review and assesment of recent developments in capital market and banking systems, this year's International Capital Markets report review and... 
Banks and banking | Foreign exchange futures | Capital market | International finance

This report comprises three papers written by staff members of the Fund's Research Department on issues arising out of the reports on the international... 
Monetary policy | International finance | Foreign exchange

Exchange rate analysis lies at the center of the IMF's surveillance mandate and policy advice, as well as in the design of IMF-supported programs, and IMF...