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1. Full Text Anxiety, defence and the elevated plus-maze
by Rodgers, R.J and Dalvi, A
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, ISSN 0149-7634, 1997, Volume 21, Issue 6, pp. 801 - 810
The elevated plus-maze test has been in use as a rodent model of anxiety for a decade, and is representative of those tests that are based upon the study of... 
Ethology | Behavioural specificity | Risk assessment | Rodents | Ecological validity | GABA | Anxiety | Elevated plus-maze | Muscimol | Defence | Gaba | elevated plus-maze | behavioural specificity | risk assessment | muscimol | ecological validity | defence | NEUROSCIENCES | rodents | RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST | FEAR | anxiety | BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES | ETHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS | ANIMAL-MODELS | DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOR | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | MICE | ethology | ETHOPHARMACOLOGICAL ANALYSIS | RISK-ASSESSMENT | EXPOSURE | Aggression - physiology | Models, Psychological | Animals | Anxiety - psychology
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2. Full Text Ethopharmacological analysis of the open elevated plus-maze in mice
by Sorregotti, Tatiani and Mendes-Gomes, Joyce and Rico, Javier Leonardo and Rodgers, Robert John and Nunes-de-Souza, Ricardo Luiz
Behavioural Brain Research, ISSN 0166-4328, 06/2013, Volume 246, Issue 1, pp. 76 - 85
► Behavioural profile of mice exposed to the open elevated plus-maze (oEPM). ► Analysis revealed depth exploration, cautious exploration of arms and risk... 
Anxiolytics and anxiogenics | Mice | Factor analysis | Defensive behaviour | Antidepressants | Open elevated plus-maze | DIAZEPAM | PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY | SOCIAL AVOIDANCE | BEHAVIOR | RATS | T-MAZE | NEUROSCIENCES | ANXIETY-INDUCED ANTINOCICEPTION | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | ANIMAL-MODEL | CHRONIC IMIPRAMINE | STRESS | Alprazolam | Imipramine | Fluoxetine | Analysis | Diazepam
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3. Full Text Submerged plus maze: A novel test for studying anxiety-like behaviour in fish
by Hope, Brittany V and Hamilton, Trevor J and Hurd, Peter L
Behavioural Brain Research, ISSN 0166-4328, 04/2019, Volume 362, pp. 332 - 337
The elevated plus maze is a prominent and well-documented test for studying anxiety in rodents. Fish are becoming more prevalent in studies of anxiety, yet the... 
Convict cichlid fish | Animal behavior | Anxiolytic | Elevated plus maze | Diazepam | Submerged plus maze | ZEBRAFISH | SEX | NEUROSCIENCES | BOLDNESS | INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES | EVOLUTION | THIGMOTAXIS | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | AGGRESSION | BRAIN | VERTEBRATE
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4. Full Text Amygdaloid involvement in the defensive behavior of mice exposed to the open elevated plus-maze
by Sorregotti, Tatiani and Cipriano, Ana Cláudia and Cruz, Fábio Cardoso and Mascarenhas, Diego Cardozo and Rodgers, Robert John and Nunes-de-Souza, Ricardo Luiz
Behavioural Brain Research, ISSN 0166-4328, 02/2018, Volume 338, pp. 159 - 165
Previous studies have shown that the exposure to an open elevated plus maze (oEPM, an EPM with all four open arms) elicits fear/anxiety-related responses in... 
Immunohistochemistry | Open elevated plus maze | Mice | Amygdala | Cobalt chloride | Defensive behavior | PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY | CONCURRENT NOCICEPTIVE STIMULATION | C-FOS | ANXIETY | RATS | T-MAZE | NEUROSCIENCES | NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS | FEAR | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | EXPRESSION | INDUCED ANTINOCICEPTION | Animal experimentation | Tranquilizing drugs
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5. Full Text Constructing an Inexpensive Elevated Plus Maze
by Fox, Grant A and Torigoe, Eugene and Butcher, Greg Q
Journal of undergraduate neuroscience education : JUNE : a publication of FUN, Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience, ISSN 1544-2896, 2018, Volume 16, Issue 2, p. R44
Introducing students to the challenges and rewards of legitimate experimentation has become an essential part of many undergraduate lab courses. However, this... 
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6. Full Text Temporal structure of the rat's behavior in elevated plus maze test
by Casarrubea, M and Roy, V and Sorbera, F and Magnusson, M.S and Santangelo, A and Arabo, A and Crescimanno, G
Behavioural Brain Research, ISSN 0166-4328, 01/2013, Volume 237, Issue 1, pp. 290 - 299
► Aim of the research was to evaluate the temporal structure of rat's behavior in the elevated plus maze. ► The ethogram encompasses 24 behavioral elements... 
T-pattern analysis | Anxiety | Wistar rat | Multivariate analysis | Elevated plus maze | RETEST | HOLE-BOARD | MOUSE | EXPLORATORY-BEHAVIOR | NEUROSCIENCES | PROFILE | T-PATTERNS | ANIMAL-MODELS | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | MICE | MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS | Neurosciences | Neuroscience | Psychology | Cognitive science
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7. Full Text The Elevated Plus Maze Test for Measuring Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rodents
by Kraeuter, Ann-Katrin and Guest, Paul C and Guest, Paul C and Sarnyai, Zoltán and Sarnyai, Zoltán
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), ISSN 1064-3745, 2019, Volume 1916, pp. 69 - 74
The elevated plus maze test is used to measure anxiety-like behavior in rodents. It can be used to gain insight into conditions such as posttraumatic stress... 
Anxiety | Behavior | Mouse | Rodent | Anxiolytic | Elevated plus maze | Anti-Anxiety Agents - administration & dosage | Maze Learning - physiology | Humans | Rodentia | Anxiety - physiopathology | Anxiety - drug therapy | Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - physiopathology | Molecular Biology - methods | Animals | Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - drug therapy | Behavior, Animal - drug effects | Mice | Disease Models, Animal
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8. Full Text New evidence for refinement of anesthetic choice in procedures preceding the forced swimming test and the elevated plus-maze
by Herbst, L.S and Gaigher, T and Siqueira, A.A and Joca, S.R.L and Sampaio, K.N and Beijamini, V
Behavioural Brain Research, ISSN 0166-4328, 08/2019, Volume 368, pp. 111897 - 43
Previous studies indicated that some general anesthetics induce long-term antidepressant and/or anxiolytic-like effects. This raises the concern about the use... 
Forced swimming test | General anesthetics | Chloral hydrate | Thiopental | Tribromoethanol | Behavior | Elevated plus-maze | Isoflurane | WISTAR RATS | ACTIVATION | THIOPENTAL SODIUM | GENERAL-ANESTHETICS | ANXIETY-LIKE BEHAVIOR | NEUROSCIENCES | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTION | OPEN-FIELD
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9. Full Text A possible mechanism for the anxiolytic-like effect of gallic acid in the rat elevated plus maze
by Mansouri, Mohammad Taghi and Soltani, Mohammad and Naghizadeh, Bahareh and Farbood, Yaghoub and Mashak, Ahmad and Sarkaki, Alireza
Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, ISSN 0091-3057, 02/2014, Volume 117, pp. 40 - 46
This work was performed to characterize the possible mechanisms involved in the anxiolytic-like activity of gallic acid (GA) in the rat elevated plus maze... 
Flumazenil | Anxiety | WAY-100635 | Gallic acid | Rat | Elevated plus maze | OXIDATIVE STRESS | INVOLVEMENT | MOUSE | NEUROSCIENCES | EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | MICE | POLYPHENOL | STREPTOZOTOCIN | DERIVATIVES | BENZODIAZEPINE-RECEPTOR LIGANDS | Flumazenil - pharmacology | Animals | Gallic Acid - pharmacology | Rats, Wistar | Anti-Anxiety Agents - pharmacology | Rats | Male | Buspirone - pharmacology | Maze Learning - drug effects | Diazepam - pharmacology | Phenols | Buspirone hydrochloride | Diazepam
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10. Full Text Psilocin and ketamine microdosing: effects of subchronic intermittent microdoses in the elevated plus-maze in male Wistar rats
by Horsley, Rachel R and Páleníček, Tomáš and Kolin, Jan and Valeš, Karel
Behavioural Pharmacology, ISSN 0955-8810, 03/2018, Volume 29, Issue 6, pp. 530 - 536
Short-term moderate doses of serotonergic and dissociative hallucinogens can be useful in the treatment of anxiety. Recently, a trend has developed for... 
elevated plus-maze | psychedelic | anxiety | rat | ketamine | microdosing | microdose | psilocin | RECEPTOR | SCHIZOPHRENIA | HALLUCINOGENS | NEUROSCIENCES | (S)-KETAMINE | STRIATAL DOPAMINE | PHARMACOKINETICS | PHARMACOLOGY | BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | ANIMAL-MODEL | MODULATION | Hallucinogens - pharmacology | Rats, Wistar | Rats | Male | Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists - pharmacology | Maze Learning - drug effects | Psilocybin - pharmacology | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Animals | Time Factors | Psilocybin - analogs & derivatives | Ketamine - pharmacology | Locomotion - drug effects | Usage | Ketamine | Rats as laboratory animals | Tryptamines | Health aspects
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11. Full Text Interactions of a standardized flavonoid fraction from Tilia americana with Serotoninergic drugs in elevated plus maze
by Noguerón-Merino, M.C and Jiménez-Ferrer, E and Román-Ramos, R and Zamilpa, A and Tortoriello, J and Herrera-Ruiz, M
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, ISSN 0378-8741, 04/2015, Volume 164, pp. 319 - 327
var. (Schltdl) Hardin (Tiliaceae) aerial parts (bracts and flowers) are used in the traditional Mexican medicine to treat nervous disorders, as sedative and to... 
5-HT1A | Flavonols | Tilia americana | Anxiety | 5-HT2-A | Elevated plus-maze | Tilia Americana | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL | TRANSPORTER | ANTAGONIST | 5-HT1A RECEPTORS | 8-OH-DPAT | PLANT SCIENCES | VAR.-MEXICANA | QUERCETIN | INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE | ANXIOLYTIC EFFICACY | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | RAT HIPPOCAMPUS | MICE | Plant Extracts - chemistry | Flavonoids - analysis | Plant Extracts - pharmacology | Anti-Anxiety Agents - analysis | Anti-Anxiety Agents - pharmacology | Male | Anxiety - drug therapy | Mice, Inbred ICR | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Animals | Serotonin Agents - pharmacology | Behavior, Animal - drug effects | Flavonoids - pharmacology | Phytotherapy | Tilia | Hallucinogenic drugs | Flavonoids | Flavones | Bioflavonoids | Analysis | Drug interactions
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12. Full Text Anti-anxiety effects of Apocynum venetum L. in the elevated plus maze test
by Grundmann, Oliver and Nakajima, Jun-Ichiro and Seo, Shujiro and Butterweck, Veronika
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, ISSN 0378-8741, 2007, Volume 110, Issue 3, pp. 406 - 411
The purpose of this study was to characterize the putative anxiolytic-like activity of an ethanolic extract prepared from the leaves of (AV) using the elevated... 
5-HT 1A receptor | Anxiolytic effect | Elevated plus maze | GABA receptor | Buspirone | Open field | Benzodiazepines | Apocynum venetum | receptor | 5-HT | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL | benzodiazepines | DIAZEPAM | RATS | buspirone | elevated plus maze | ANTAGONISM | FORCED SWIMMING TEST | PLANT SCIENCES | anxiolytic effect | RESPONSES | open field | INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | AGENTS | 5-HT1A receptor | EXTRACT | AGONIST | Plant Extracts - chemistry | Plants, Medicinal - chemistry | Ethanol | Plant Extracts - pharmacology | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Anti-Anxiety Agents - pharmacology | Male | Anxiety - drug therapy | Buspirone - pharmacology | Maze Learning - drug effects | Serotonin Antagonists - pharmacology | Piperazines - pharmacology | Apocynum - chemistry | Diazepam - pharmacology | Flumazenil - pharmacology | Animals | GABA Modulators - pharmacology | Anti-Anxiety Agents - chemistry | Behavior, Animal - drug effects | Mice | Pyridines - pharmacology | Disease Models, Animal | Receptors, GABA - drug effects | Analysis | Central nervous system agents
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13. Full Text Anxiolytic effects of Lavandula angustifolia odour on the Mongolian gerbil elevated plus maze
by Bradley, B.F and Starkey, N.J and Brown, S.L and Lea, R.W
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, ISSN 0378-8741, 2007, Volume 111, Issue 3, pp. 517 - 525
Lavender is a popular treatment for stress and mild anxiety in Europe and the USA. The present study investigated the effects of ( Mill. (Lamiaceae)) lavender... 
Gerbils | Anxiety | Lavender oil | Elevated plus maze | Diazepam | Inhalation | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL | diazepam | ESSENTIAL OIL | elevated plus maze | MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS | lavender oil | gerbils | PLANT SCIENCES | FEAR | anxiety | inhalation | GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY | INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE | ANIMAL-MODELS | LAVENDER | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY | SEX-DIFFERENCES | RAT BEHAVIOR | Plant Oils - pharmacology | Anti-Anxiety Agents - pharmacology | Motor Activity - drug effects | Male | Oils, Volatile - pharmacology | Anxiety - drug therapy | Anti-Anxiety Agents - isolation & purification | Chromatography, Gas | Oils, Volatile - isolation & purification | Plant Oils - isolation & purification | Random Allocation | Maze Learning - drug effects | Odorants | Diazepam - pharmacology | Lavandula | Animals | Gerbillinae | Mass Spectrometry | Exploratory Behavior - drug effects | Sex Factors | Aromatherapy | Female | Analysis
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14. Full Text Coriandrum sativum: evaluation of its anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus-maze
by Emamghoreishi, Masoumeh and Khasaki, Mohammad and Aazam, Maryam Fath
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, ISSN 0378-8741, 2005, Volume 96, Issue 3, pp. 365 - 370
The clinical applications of benzodiazepines as anxiolytics are limited by their unwanted side effects. Therefore, the development of new pharmacological... 
Neuromuscular coordination | Coriandrum sativum | Elevated plus-maze | Anxiolytic | Spontaneous activity | elevated plus-maze | GLYCOSIDES | LINALOOL | CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL | RAT | ANXIETY | ESSENTIAL OIL | FLAVONOIDS | neuromuscular coordination | PLANT SCIENCES | INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE | spontaneous activity | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | anxiolytic | CONSTITUENTS | Anti-Anxiety Agents - administration & dosage | Seeds | Maze Learning - physiology | Injections, Intraperitoneal | Motor Activity - drug effects | Male | Coriandrum | Maze Learning - drug effects | Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | Plant Extracts - administration & dosage | Animals | Mice | Anti-Anxiety Agents - therapeutic use | Phytotherapy | Plant Extracts - therapeutic use | Medicine, Herbal | Analysis | Medicine, Botanic | Antianxiety agents | Benzodiazepines
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15. Full Text A robust animal model of state anxiety: fear-potentiated behaviour in the elevated plus-maze
by Mechiel Korte, S and De Boer, Sietse F
European Journal of Pharmacology, ISSN 0014-2999, 2003, Volume 463, Issue 1, pp. 163 - 175
Fear (i.e., decreased percentage time spent on open-arm exploration) in the elevated plus-maze can be potentiated by prior inescapable stressor exposure, but... 
Corticosteroid | Allostatic state | Enhanced anxiety state | Allostatic load | Corticotropin-releasing factor | Stress | Allostasis | State anxiety | Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist | Controllability | Fear-potentiation | Elevated plus-maze | Diazepam | Contextual conditioning | diazepam | allostatic state | contextual conditioning | state anxiety | controllability | CORTICOSTEROID RECEPTOR BALANCE | FACTOR ANTAGONIST | corticosteroid | SOCIALLY DEFEATED RATS | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | glucocorticoid receptor antagonist | elevated plus-maze | enhanced anxiety state | GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR | stress | allostatic load | conicotroping releasing factor | HORMONE MESSENGER-RNA | FACTOR-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY | PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS | CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR | CENTRAL AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS | allostasis | LOCUS-COERULEUS | fear-potentiation | Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone - metabolism | Brain - physiopathology | Anxiety - psychology | Anti-Anxiety Agents - pharmacology | Anxiety - physiopathology | Fear - drug effects | Fear - physiology | Maze Learning - drug effects | Brain - drug effects | Animals | Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone - antagonists & inhibitors | Glucocorticoids - metabolism | Exploratory Behavior - drug effects | Models, Animal | Anxiety - chemically induced
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