Articles

"This book sets out a framework for the economic analysis of different funding sources. It examines a series of new and controversial proposals, including... 
Economic development | International finance | Economic assistance | Finance & Accounting | Economic analysis | Funding | Federal fiscal systems | Private donations | Safe drinking water | Tobin tax | Allocation of Special Drawing Rights by IMF | International Finance Facility | HIV/AIDS spread prevention | Hunger reduction | Special Drawing Rights | Sources of overseas aid | Environmental taxes | Poverty alleviation | Taxation of currency transactions | Development assistance | Universal primary education | Development economics | Sources of funding | Global lottery | Child mortality reduction | Development finance | Global premium bond | Millennium Development Goals | remittances by emigrants

Economic development | Finance | Economic assistance

Jacqueline Best argues that the 1990s changes in IMF, World Bank and donor policies, towards what some have called the 'Post-Washington Consensus,' were driven... 
Nongovernmental organizations | Economic assistance | Development banks | Corporate governance | Economic development | Finance | Economics | Non-governmental organizations | nongovernmental organisations | politics | economic assistance | international devleopment policy | economic development - finance | corporate governance | development banks

This report, consisting of a study prepared by global project finance specialists Hunton and Williams LLP and comments from six internationally reputed... 
Infrastructure (Economics) | Developing countries | Finance | DEBT SERVICING | CONTRACT RIGHTS | GLOBAL MARKETS | CURRENCY MISMATCH | GOVERNMENT FINANCES | RENEGOTIATION | MARKET RISKS | ISSUANCE | PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE | INITIAL INVESTMENTS | INFRASTRUCTURE DELIVERY | GOVERNMENT DEBT | MARKET CONDITIONS | ECONOMIC GROWTH | INVESTMENT POLICY | BANK DEBT | VEHICLE | PUBLIC POLICY | PRIVATE SECTOR | SOVEREIGN DEBTS | PLEDGES | EQUITY INVESTOR | NEW BUSINESSES | GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT | EQUITY INVESTMENTS | PORT FACILITIES | REGULATORY OVERSIGHT | HOST COUNTRIES | BALANCE SHEET | OPERATIONAL RISKS | GRACE PERIOD | CASH FLOWS | EQUITY INVESTMENT | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | LEGISLATION | CAPITAL INVESTMENTS | INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT | BANKS | PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP | CREDITS | ISSUANCE OF BONDS | BANKRUPTCY | INTERNATIONAL FINANCE | BORROWING COST | DISBURSEMENTS | SETTLEMENT | BANK LENDING | LENDER | GOVERNMENT GRANTS | CASH FLOW | INTERNATIONAL BANK | EQUITY INVESTORS | RAILWAYS | DEBT | PUBLIC PROCUREMENT | COMMODITY PRICES | BRIBES | PRIVATE CAPITAL | TRUSTEE | LICENSES | FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT | NONPAYMENT | LEGAL CONSTRAINTS | RATE OF RETURN | LOAN AGREEMENTS | AFFORDABILITY | CREDITWORTHINESS | INFRASTRUCTURE LOANS | BOARDS OF DIRECTORS | GOVERNMENT REVENUE | DEVELOPMENT BANK | INVESTOR INTEREST | DIVIDENDS PAYABLE | GOVERNMENT SUPPORT | GOVERNMENT CREDIT | LOAN | PRESENT VALUE | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | BID | NEGATIVE PLEDGE CLAUSES | EXCHANGE RATE | ACCESS TO CAPITAL | CURRENCY | PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION | CREDIT MARKET | INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS | PUBLIC INFORMATION | UTILITIES | OWNERSHIP INTEREST | GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE | PARTIAL RISK | GLOBAL FINANCE | COLLATERAL | AIRPORT | FINANCE INFRASTRUCTURE | BIDS | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | CORRUPTION | DEPOSIT | PUBLIC PROCUREMENT LAW | PRIVATE INVESTOR | REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS | EMPLOYMENT | EQUITY HOLDING | GOVERNMENT REVENUES | EQUITY RETURN | LAWS | REVENUE MANAGEMENT | INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE | PUBLIC | EQUITY CONTRIBUTION | PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS | ELECTRICITY | MARKET DESIGN | NATIONAL BUDGET | LONG-TERM FINANCE | INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING | RECEIPTS | TRANSACTION | INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT | DOMESTIC CURRENCY | PUBLIC SPENDING | PUBLIC SERVICE | EQUIPMENT | RETAINED EARNINGS | WATER SUPPLY | BALANCE SHEETS | DEBT SERVICE | HOST GOVERNMENT | RETURNS | FINANCIAL CRISIS | NATIONAL TREASURY | COLLATERALIZATION | BARTER | LENDERS | CAPITAL COSTS | O&M | INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS | POLITICAL RISK | CONVENTIONAL BANK | GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP | EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES | MDB | TAX | INCOME TAXES | COMPETITIVE TENDER | DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE | SOURCES OF FINANCE | RETURN ON INVESTMENT | SWAPS | FOREIGN MARKETS | ROADS | DEVELOPMENT COMPANY | PUBLIC SERVICES | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | VALUATION | CREDIT FACILITY | RAIL LINES | RAIL | LACK OF TRANSPARENCY | FOREIGN INVESTORS | INTEREST RATE | TAX REVENUES | LOAN AGREEMENT | FINANCIAL SKILLS | PROVISIONS | EMERGING MARKET | DEVELOPMENT FINANCE | WEALTH | INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | CREDITOR | FINANCES | TRANSPORT | PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP | NATURAL RESOURCES | TRANSPARENCY | REPAYMENT | BANK BORROWING | HOST GOVERNMENTS | MONETARY FUND | BORROWINGS | DIVERSIFICATION | FOREIGN INVESTMENT | INITIAL INVESTMENT | FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT | INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS | FUNDING SOURCES | LOAN FACILITY | SOVEREIGN DEBT | CAPITAL MARKETS | INSTRUMENT | DOWN PAYMENT | LEVEL OF RISK | FINANCING OF INFRASTRUCTURE

This book argues that poor countries need additional, cross-border capital channeled to the private sector for employment generation, growth, and poverty... 
Economic assistance | Economic development | Developing countries Finance | Finance | Developing countries | Economic policy | TREASURIES | DEBT SERVICING | SECONDARY MARKET | FALLEN ANGELS | PERMANENT DEBT | SOVEREIGN BONDS | BOND INVESTORS | BOND MARKET | IPO | PRIVATE INVESTORS | ISSUANCE | CDS | FOREIGN CURRENCY | JUNK BOND | BOND OPTION | BANK CREDITS | INCOME INSTRUMENTS | TREASURY INFLATION | PAR BONDS | BANK DEBT | GLOBAL CAPITAL MARKETS | HOST COUNTRY | BONDHOLDERS | TRADING | CREDIT CEILING | SMALL BUSINESS | SAFETY NET | BALANCE-OF-PAYMENTS CRISIS | BOND FUND | BONDS | CENTRAL BANK | CREDIT ENHANCEMENT | MARKET INTEREST RATES | HEDGE FUNDS | LIQUIDITY | DEBTOR | POLITICAL STABILITY | COUNTRY DEBT | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | INVESTOR BASE | BOND SALES | GLOBAL BONDS | MARKET VALUES | EQUITY FLOWS | BENEFICIARY | PERFORMANCE RISKS | LOCAL CURRENCY | BANKRUPTCY | LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES | CAPITAL FLOWS | INTERNATIONAL FINANCE | PUBLIC FINANCE | PREPAYMENT | BACKED SECURITIES | CREDIT HISTORY | RISK MANAGEMENT | SHORT-TERM CAPITAL | INTERNATIONAL BANKS | SETTLEMENT | INDEBTED COUNTRIES | BANK LENDING | JUNK BONDS | WARRANTS | INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS | INTERNATIONAL BANK | SOVEREIGN RATINGS | FINANCING REQUIREMENTS | CREDIT RATING | GLOBAL ECONOMY | OIL PRICES | FISCAL POLICIES | BANKRUPTCY LAWS | COUPON PAYMENTS | INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING | PRIVATE CAPITAL | TREASURY BONDS | PRICE RISK | MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS | SOVEREIGN RATING | INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS | DEBT CAPITAL | DEBT DEFAULT | DEBT FORGIVENESS | DEVELOPING COUNTRY | PENSION FUNDS | DEBTOR COUNTRIES | RENEGOTIATIONS | BOND ISSUANCE | DEBT-EQUITY SWAP | DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS | DEBT ISSUES | GLOBAL CAPITAL | INSURANCE | MORTGAGE LOAN | DEBT-EQUITY SWAPS | MATURITY | BORROWER | OUTSTANDING LOANS | PRIVATE FINANCING | IMMUNIZATION | RETURN | LOAN | EXPENDITURES | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | BOND | DEBT ISSUANCE | DEBT REDUCTION | MORTGAGE | OIL PRICE | DEBT CONTRACTS | COUPON | DISCOUNT BONDS | RESERVES | DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS | PARTIAL RISK | FIXED INCOME | COLLATERAL | LEGAL FRAMEWORK | REMITTANCES | DEBT RELIEF | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | PENSION | COUPONS | EXTERNAL FINANCE | INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS | DEBT BURDEN | STATE BANK | CREDIT RISK | LOAN MARKET | TRADE FINANCE | DEBT CRISIS | FINANCIAL MARKETS | CREDIT RATING AGENCIES | BORROWING COSTS | COLLECTIVE ACTION CLAUSES | INDEXED BONDS | FACE VALUE | INTERNATIONAL DEBT | BANK LOANS | CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT | INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS | PRIVATE DEBT | DEBT FLOWS | ECONOMIC POLICIES | EXCHANGE COMMISSION | FOREIGN CAPITAL | GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE | TRANSACTION | INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT | RELIANCE ON SHORT-TERM DEBT | TRANSFER RISKS | CREDIT CARD | FOREIGN DEBT | CURRENCY CRISIS | DEBT OBLIGATIONS | DEFAULTS | COLLECTIVE ACTION | DEBT RESTRUCTURING | DEBT SERVICE | SECURITIES | INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM | RETURNS | FINANCIAL CRISIS | MUTUAL FUNDS | DEPOSITS | CLAIMANT | SOVEREIGN DEBT RESTRUCTURING | CAPITAL ASSET PRICING | PERFORMANCE RISK | CREDITORS | FINANCIAL STRUCTURE | INSURANCE CORPORATION | COUNTRY RISK | DEVELOPMENT BONDS | TAX | BOND ISSUE | INSURANCE COMPANIES | FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT | LIFE INSURANCE | ACCOUNTING | DEBT CRISES | FINANCIAL FLOWS | MICROFINANCE | PAR BOND | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | VALUATION | PARTIAL GUARANTEES | COUPON BONDS | CREDIT RATINGS | ASSET CLASS | FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE | INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL | BUYBACKS | EMERGING MARKETS | INTEREST COSTS | EQUITY STAKES | FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | RISK OF DEFAULT | VARIABLE RATE | CAPITAL OUTFLOWS | INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS | CREDIT RISKS | BOND FINANCING | DEBT STOCK | SOVEREIGN RISK | EXTERNAL FINANCES | DEVELOPMENT FINANCE | CONTINGENT LIABILITIES | INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT | CREDITOR | PRIVATE LENDERS | TRANSPARENCY | REPAYMENT | TREASURY | DEBT-EQUITY | FLOATING INTEREST RATES | INSURANCE PREMIUM | BASIS POINTS | SOVEREIGN BOND | PORTFOLIO | MONETARY FUND | FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT | MARKET ACCESS | FINANCIAL STRESS | SOVEREIGN DEBT | INSTRUMENT | REMITTANCE | DEBTORS | INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY | INVESTMENT RATE | INSURANCE PREMIUMS | DEBTS | INVESTMENT BANKS

The paper discusses how developing countries can generate some of the resources they need for sustainable development. Developing country government already... 
Economic aspects | Environmental policy | Sustainable development | Finance | NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT | IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES | SULPHUR DIOXIDE | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | TRAVEL COST METHOD | DEVELOPED COUNTRIES | GDP | WTP | HEAVY FUEL OIL | PUBLIC RESOURCES | TAXATION | OPPORTUNITY COST | CONSUMERS | ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION | PRIVATE SECTOR | PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND | ENERGY PRODUCERS | POLLUTION | BENCHMARK | INPUT USE | ELECTRICITY | LEVIES | GOVERNANCE APPROACH | ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES | FUEL OIL | PUBLIC SPENDING | SHARED NATURAL RESOURCES | INCENTIVE EFFECTS | ROAD TRANSPORT | INCOME | NATURAL GAS | PRICE ELASTICITY | FORESTRY | FOSSIL FUELS | COAL PRICES | INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY | CARBON | PRODUCERS | REFORM PROGRAMS | SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT | WASTE MANAGEMENT | ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS | CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD | PUBLIC FINANCE | CONTINGENT VALUATION | WELFARE LOSSES | ECOLOGY | RESOURCE USE | WORLD ENERGY | MARGINAL COST | REFORM POLICY | PUBLIC SECTOR | COAL | TIMBER | CAPACITY BUILDING | TAX | WILLINGNESS TO PAY | DEBT | ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS | SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY | ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE | FUEL | LICENSES | MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE | WELFARE ECONOMICS | EARTH SUMMIT | WATER PRICES | FINANCIAL FLOWS | ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE | PUBLIC UTILITIES | PETROLEUM GAS | FOREST MANAGEMENT | GAS INDUSTRIES | ENERGY RESOURCES | POVERTY REDUCTION | END-USE | ENVIRONMENTALLY DAMAGING SUBSIDIES | CLEAN WATER | CARBON TAXES | OIL | VALUE ADDED | POLITICAL POWER | REVENUE MOBILIZATION | ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES | TAX REVENUES | INEFFICIENCY | OIL SECTOR | INCENTIVES | LOW TARIFFS | ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION | NATURAL RESOURCES | ELECTRICITY SECTOR | BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION | INVESTMENT POLICY AGRICULTURE | EXCHANGE RATE | POLICY INSTRUMENTS | PUBLIC EXPENDITURE | SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | ELECTRICITY GENERATION | PUBLIC EXPENDITURES | GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT | PETROLEUM PRODUCTS | UTILITIES | CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM | SAVINGS | CARBON DIOXIDE | ENERGY USE

Winner of the 2011 Paul Davidoff award! This is a book about poverty but it does not study the poor and the powerless; instead it studies those who manage... 
Microfinance | Poverty | Sociology of Culture | Ananya Roy | Development - Soc Sci | Poverty Capital | Women's Studies | Global Poverty | Roy

Investments | Finance | Developing countries Commerce | Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 | Capital movements | Flow of funds | Developing countries Economic conditions

At present, different concentrating solar thermal technologies (CST) have reached varying degrees of commercial availability. This emerging nature of CST means... 
Renewable energy sources | Energy development | Finance | Solar energy | Energy industries | Economics | BUS072000 - BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | Sustainable Development | Concentrating Solar Power-Concentrating Solar Thermal Power-Regulatory Framework-Solar Power Technologies-Technology Cost Reduction-Renewable Energy-Local manufacturing-Bidding Criteria-Power Purchase Agreements-Developing countries | Infrastructure Economics and Finance | TEC028000 - TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING | Energy | Power Resources | Nuclear | BUS022000 - BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | Development | Economic Conditions | General | Environment | BUS035000 - BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | International | Developing countries | INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT | POLLUTANTS | TRUST FUND | ENERGY MARKETS | UTILITY MODEL | POWER CORPORATION | TRANSLATION | THERMAL PERFORMANCE | RENEWABLE SOURCE | MARKET CONDITIONS | CLIMATE | MARKET PRICES | WIND | RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS | POLICY FRAMEWORK | EMISSION PERMITS | PRIVATE SECTOR | THERMAL POWER GENERATION | TRADING | BALANCE | REVERSE AUCTION | SOLAR RADIATION | CAPACITY FACTOR | CARBON EMISSIONS | POWER PLANTS | BONDS | GENERATION | MARKET PRICE | FOSSIL | CLEAN ENERGY | IMPACT ASSESSMENT | MARKET IMPEDIMENTS | POWER BLOCK | BALANCE SHEET | CLIMATE CHANGE | CASH FLOWS | ENERGY EFFICIENCY | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT | BUYERS | GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY | BUYER | FINANCIAL TERMS | E-MAIL | LOAD FACTOR | FINANCIAL STRUCTURES | INTERNATIONAL FINANCE | AVAILABILITY | STEAM GENERATION | THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES | SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS | CASH FLOW | PHYSICAL ASSET | POWER GENERATORS | PRICE OF ELECTRICITY | INTERNATIONAL BANK | INVESTMENT BANK | CLEAN TECHNOLOGY | DEBT | FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION | SOLAR ENERGY | GOVERNMENT POLICY | QUERIES | INVESTMENT FUNDS | RENEWABLE ENERGY | SUSTAINABLE ENERGY | ELECTRICITY TARIFF | LICENSES | PHOTO | LICENSE | RATE OF RETURN | THERMAL POWER | WIND PROJECTS | CARBON VALUES | ELECTRICITY CAPACITY | DEVELOPING COUNTRY | POWER PLANT | FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY | R&D | RESERVE | RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES | GAS | SOLAR THERMAL | DEVELOPMENT BANK | CONSUMER PROTECTION | INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY | RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCERS | ENABLING ENVIRONMENT | GENERATION CAPACITY | RENEWABLE ENERGY FUND | AUCTION MECHANISMS | CAPABILITIES | POWER PRODUCERS | MARKET SIZE | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS | CREDIT STRENGTH | FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT | PROCUREMENT | MATURITY | LONG-TERM INVESTMENT | LOAN | EXPENDITURES | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | PIPELINE | BID | BOND | CAPITAL EXPENDITURES | RENEWABLE ENERGIES | APPROACH | POWER CAPACITY | WHOLESALE PRICE | ELECTRICITY GENERATION | GAS TURBINE | LOAN GUARANTEES | UTILITIES | COMPETITIVENESS | RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY | BIDS | RURAL ENERGY | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | EXPENDITURE | PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS | IRRADIATION | CAPITAL INVESTMENT | FOSSIL FUEL | OPPORTUNITY COST | POWER CONVERSION | ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION | SPOT MARKET | VALUE CHAIN | REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS | EMPLOYMENT | RENEWABLE SOURCES | LOAN GUARANTEE | RISK CAPITAL | LOCAL CAPACITY | RENEWABLE POWER | TELEPHONE | SOLAR RESOURCE | CAPABILITY | FINANCIAL STABILITY | INVESTMENT PROJECTS | ELECTRICITY SUPPLY | DIFFUSION | ELECTRICITY | KILOWATT-HOUR | SOLAR PROJECTS | INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS | PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP | RISK PROFILE | LOCAL MARKETS | REGULATORY FRAMEWORK | DESERTS | CO2 | TAX INCENTIVES | PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER | TRANSACTION | INVESTMENT LOANS | NATURAL GAS | BACK-UP | RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARDS | ENERGY POLICIES | GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE | LOCAL CAPACITIES | ENERGY DEVELOPMENT | FUELS | CARBON | DEBT SERVICE | RETURNS | HEAT TRANSFER | PREMIUM PAYMENT | ENERGY SOURCES | FINANCIAL CRISIS | MARKET MECHANISM | EXTERNAL CONSULTANTS | INFLATION | CYCLE SYSTEM | SOVEREIGN GUARANTEES | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | PRICE DISCOVERY | COMMERCIAL BANKS | GHG | TAX | FUND MANAGEMENT | CAPITAL EXPENDITURE | TAX CREDIT | RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES | CAPACITY FACTORS | TAX CREDITS | SOLAR POWER | AUCTION MECHANISM | FOSSIL FUEL IMPORTS | PUBLIC UTILITIES | COLORS | ELECTRICITY PRICES | RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATORS | TRANSACTION COSTS | WIND POWER | TRADABLE EMISSION | HOME MARKET | BIOMASS | POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS | EMERGING MARKETS | STEAM TURBINE | EMISSION | SENSITIVITY ANALYSES | RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES | CERTIFICATE | BOILER | EMERGING MARKET | FINANCIAL SUPPORT | POWER PRODUCER | COMPLIANCE COST | ACTION PLAN | HEAT | TRANSPARENCY | REPAYMENT | ACCESS TO INFORMATION | COST OF ELECTRICITY | PORTFOLIO | RESULTS | FINANCIAL RISK | ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION | TARIFF LEVELS | TAX EXEMPTION | INSTRUMENT | DIESEL | PHOTOVOLTAICS | TARGETS | MANUFACTURING | RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD | RESULT

Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 | Financial crises | Developing countries Economic conditions | Finance | Developing countries Economic policy

Starting in the early 1990s many emerging and developing economies (EDEs) liberalized their capital accounts, allowing greater freedom for international... 
Finance | Developing countries