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1. Full Text Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Signaling Is Mediated by the Type I Receptor, Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 5
by Mazerbourg, Sabine and Klein, Cynthia and Roh, Jaesook and Kaivo-Oja, Noora and Mottershead, David G and Korchynskyi, Olexander and Ritvos, Olli and Hsueh, Aaron J. W
Molecular Endocrinology, ISSN 0888-8809, 03/2004, Volume 18, Issue 3, pp. 653 - 665
Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) is an oocyte-derived growth factor and a member of the TGF-β superfamily that includes TGF-β, activin, and bone... 
ALK7 SIGNALS | BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN | MAD-RELATED PROTEIN | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN-1 | FOLLICULAR-GROWTH | TGF-BETA RECEPTOR | OVARIAN GRANULOSA-CELLS | IDENTIFICATION | HOMOLOG GDF-9B | LUTEAL CELLS | Phosphorylation | Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics | Trans-Activators - drug effects | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases | Activin Receptors - drug effects | Activins - metabolism | COS Cells - drug effects | Activin Receptors - genetics | Granulosa Cells - drug effects | Granulosa Cells - metabolism | COS Cells - metabolism | DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism | Bone Morphogenetic Proteins - metabolism | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Trans-Activators - genetics | Female | Smad7 Protein | Promoter Regions, Genetic | Signal Transduction | Smad6 Protein | Cells, Cultured | DNA-Binding Proteins - drug effects | Rats | Activin Receptors, Type I - metabolism | DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics | Activin Receptors, Type I - genetics | Rats, Sprague-Dawley | Activin Receptors, Type I - drug effects | Transforming Growth Factor beta - pharmacology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Smad3 Protein | Activin Receptors - metabolism | Animals | Activins - pharmacology | Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta - drug effects | Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - pharmacology | Smad Proteins | Trans-Activators - metabolism | RNA, Small Interfering | Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism | Smad2 Protein
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2. Full Text Effect of intracellular interactions on the processing and secretion of bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15) and growth and differentiation factor-9: Implication of the aberrant ovarian phenotype of BMP-15 mutant sheep
by Liao, Wu Xiang and Moore, R. Kelly and Otsuka, Fumio and Shimasaki, Shunichi
Journal of Biological Chemistry, ISSN 0021-9258, 02/2003, Volume 278, Issue 6, pp. 3713 - 3719
Bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15) and growth and differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. Both... 
Cell Line | Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel | Humans | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics | Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - physiology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Phenotype | Animals | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Female | Sheep | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - secretion | Mutation | Ovary - metabolism
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3. Full Text Paracrine Actions Of Growth Differentiation Factor-9 in the Mammalian Ovary
by Elvin, Julia A and Clark, Amander T and Wang, Pei and Wolfman, Neil M and Matzuk, Martin M
Molecular Endocrinology, ISSN 0888-8809, 06/1999, Volume 13, Issue 6, pp. 1035 - 1048
Although the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily is the largest family of secreted growth factors, surprisingly few downstream target genes in... 
LUTEINIZING-HORMONE RECEPTOR | ACUTE REGULATORY PROTEIN | MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID | FACTOR-BETA | GRANULOSA-CELLS | MOUSE OOCYTES | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE | CUMULUS CELLS | ACTIVIN RECEPTOR | HYALURONIC-ACID | Immunohistochemistry | Phosphoproteins - drug effects | Cyclooxygenase 2 | Phosphoproteins - metabolism | Granulosa Cells - metabolism | Follicle Stimulating Hormone - pharmacology | Glucuronosyltransferase - genetics | Paracrine Communication - physiology | Growth Substances - genetics | Receptors, LH - genetics | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Isoenzymes - metabolism | Female | Progesterone - biosynthesis | Hyaluronan Synthases | CHO Cells | Ovary - metabolism | Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - genetics | Recombinant Proteins - metabolism | Cricetinae | Follicle Stimulating Hormone - metabolism | Glucuronosyltransferase - drug effects | Receptors, LH - drug effects | Isoenzymes - genetics | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins | Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - drug effects | Recombinant Proteins - genetics | Phosphoproteins - genetics | Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology | Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator - genetics | Mice, Inbred ICR | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Animals | Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator - drug effects | Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator - metabolism | Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - metabolism | Growth Substances - pharmacology | Isoenzymes - drug effects | Mice | RNA, Messenger | Growth Substances - metabolism
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4. Full Text Growth differentiation factor-9 is required during early ovarian folliculogenesis
by Dong, Jinwen and Nishimori, Katsuhiko and Albertini, David F and Lu, Naifang and Matzuk, Martin M and Kumar, T. Rajendra
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 10/1996, Volume 383, Issue 6600, pp. 531 - 535
GROWTH factors synthesized by ovarian somatic cells directly affect oocyte growth and function(1-6), but it is unclear whether oocyte-secreted factors(6-9)... 
GENE | PATTERN | MICE DEFICIENT | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | MOUSE OOCYTES | FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS | PROLIFERATION | FACTOR-BETA SUPERFAMILY | PRIMORDIAL GERM-CELLS | EXPRESSION | CULTURE | Cell Line | Gene Targeting | Ovary - pathology | Follicular Cyst - genetics | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Ovary - physiology | Infertility, Female - genetics | Ovary - cytology | Infertility, Female - pathology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Growth Substances - genetics | Animals | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Growth Substances - physiology | Gene Deletion | Ovarian Follicle - physiology | Female | Cell Differentiation | Follicular Cyst - pathology | Mice | Ovarian Follicle - cytology | Ovarian Follicle - pathology | Genetic aspects | Research | Ovaries | Growth factors | Oocytes | Cellular biology | Rodents | Reproductive system
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5. Full Text Growth differentiating factor-9 mutations may be associated with premature ovarian failure
by Kovanci, Ertug, M.D and Rohozinski, Jan, Ph.D and Simpson, Joe Leigh, M.D and Heard, Michael J., M.D and Bishop, Colin E., Ph.D and Carson, Sandra A., M.D
Fertility and Sterility, ISSN 0015-0282, 2007, Volume 87, Issue 1, pp. 143 - 146
Objective To determine whether perturbations of the growth differentiating factor-9 ( GDF9 ) gene are associated with premature ovarian failure (POF). Design... 
Internal Medicine | Obstetrics and Gynecology | mutation | single nucleotide polymorphism | Premature ovarian failure | growth differentiating factor-9 | OOCYTE | INCREASED OVULATION RATE | SHEEP | premature ovarian failure | BMP15 | OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY | GDF9 | REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY | GENE | BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-15 | Risk Assessment - methods | United States - epidemiology | Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics | Prevalence | Humans | Risk Factors | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics | Statistics as Topic | Genetic Testing - methods | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | DNA Mutational Analysis | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Primary Ovarian Insufficiency - genetics | Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics | Primary Ovarian Insufficiency - epidemiology | Adult | Female | Genetic Predisposition to Disease - epidemiology
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6. Full Text Knockout of Pentraxin 3, a Downstream Target of Growth Differentiation Factor-9, Causes Female Subfertility
by Varani, Simona and Elvin, Julia A and Yan, Changning and DeMayo, Janet and DeMayo, Francesco J and Horton, Heidi F and Byrne, Michael C and Matzuk, Martin M
Molecular Endocrinology, ISSN 0888-8809, 06/2002, Volume 16, Issue 6, pp. 1154 - 1167
The ovulatory process is tightly regulated by endocrine as well as paracrine factors. In the periovulatory period, extensive remodeling of the follicle wall... 
FACTOR-STIMULATED GENE-6 | GRANULOSA-CELLS | CUMULUS MASS | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | LONG PENTRAXIN | EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX | MICE LACKING | PROSTAGLANDIN E-2 | HYALURONIC-ACID | CELL-OOCYTE COMPLEXES | IMPAIRED FERTILITY | Ovary - pathology | Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis | RNA, Messenger - genetics | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics | C-Reactive Protein - genetics | RNA, Messenger - metabolism | Superovulation - metabolism | Infertility, Female - metabolism | Chorionic Gonadotropin - pharmacology | Mice, Knockout | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism | Serum Amyloid P-Component - genetics | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Animals | C-Reactive Protein - metabolism | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Female | Ovary - drug effects | Mice | Serum Amyloid P-Component - metabolism | Ovary - metabolism
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7. Full Text Effects of immunization against bone morphogenetic protein-15 and growth differentiation factor-9 on ovarian function in mares
by Davis, Kelli A and Klohonatz, Kristin M and Mora, Darcy S.O and Twenter, Hannah M and Graham, Peter E and Pinedo, Pablo and Eckery, Douglas C and Bruemmer, Jason E
Animal Reproduction Science, ISSN 0378-4320, 05/2018, Volume 192, pp. 69 - 77
Currently there is no contraceptive vaccine that can cause permanent sterility in mares. This study investigates the effect of vaccination against... 
Contraceptive | Equine | Mare | BMP-15 | GDF-9 | INCREASED OVULATION RATE | AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE | HEMORRHAGIC ANOVULATORY FOLLICLES | SHEEP | BMP15 | GDF9 | REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY | GENES | MUTATIONS | ESTROUS-CYCLE | Animals | Ovary - immunology | Vaccines, Contraceptive - immunology | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - immunology | Female | Immunization Schedule | Ovary - physiology | Horses - physiology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 - immunology | Ovulation - immunology | Phosphates | Bone morphogenetic proteins | Contraceptives | Growth | Analysis | Vaccination
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8. Full Text Nuclear competence and genetic expression of growth differentiation factor‐9 (GDF‐9) of canine oocytes in 3D culture
by Morselli, Maria Giorgia and Loiacono, Monica and Colombo, Martina and Mortarino, Michele and Luvoni, Gaia Cecilia
Reproduction in Domestic Animals, ISSN 0936-6768, 11/2018, Volume 53, Issue S3, pp. 117 - 124
To evaluate the ability of a 3D culture system in improving the nuclear and molecular competence of canine oocytes, barium alginate microcapsules were used for... 
canine | oocytes | in vitro 3D culture | GDF‐9 | GDF-9 | SECRETED FACTORS | AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE | VIVO | BMP-15 | TRANSITION | REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY | IN-VITRO MATURATION | VETERINARY SCIENCES | PCR | Alginates - pharmacology | Gene Expression | Meiosis - drug effects | Animals | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - metabolism | In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques - methods | Dogs | Female | In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques - veterinary | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - genetics | Oocytes | Cumulus Cells - physiology | Gene expression | Growth | Slopes | Barium | Alginic acid | Reverse transcription | Meiosis | Alginates | Ribonucleic acid--RNA | Polymerase chain reaction | Microcapsules | Differentiation | Culture | Deoxyribonucleic acid--DNA
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9. Full Text Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway
by Jiang, Zhaohua and Yu, Qingxiong and Xia, Lingling and Zhang, Yi and Wang, Xiuxia and Wu, Xiaoli and Gao, Zhen
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, ISSN 1015-8987, 11/2016, Volume 40, Issue 1-2, pp. 207 - 218
Background: Keloids are fibroproliferative scars that develop as a result of a dysregulated wound healing process; however, the molecular mechanisms of keloid... 
Original Paper | Keloids | Fibroblast | Smad pathway | Growth differentiation factor-9 | Cell Proliferation | Keloid - pathology | Signal Transduction | Humans | Middle Aged | Gene Silencing | Smad2 Protein - metabolism | Male | Up-Regulation - genetics | Smad3 Protein - metabolism | Fibroblasts - pathology | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C - genetics | Young Adult | Keloid - genetics | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - metabolism | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C - metabolism | Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism | Adult | Female | Keloid - enzymology | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - genetics | Cell Movement | Fibroblasts - metabolism
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10. Full Text Molecular Cloning of the Ovine Growth/Differentiation Factor-9 Gene and Expression of Growth/Differentiation Factor-9 in Ovine and Bovine Ovaries
by K.J. Bodensteiner and C.M. Clay and C.L. Moeller and H.R. Sawyer
Biology of Reproduction, ISSN 0006-3363, 02/1999, Volume 60, Issue 2, pp. 381 - 386
Recently a novel member of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily termed growth/differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) was shown to be expressed in... 
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY | HORMONE | FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT | SHEEP | C-KIT | RECEPTOR | GROWTH-FACTOR | FETAL | DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR-IX | HYPOPHYSECTOMY | FOLLICULOGENESIS | Amino Acid Sequence | Gene Expression | Humans | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins | Molecular Sequence Data | RNA, Messenger - analysis | Restriction Mapping | Sequence Homology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | DNA - chemistry | Growth Substances - genetics | Animals | In Situ Hybridization | Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics | Growth Substances - chemistry | Cattle | DNA - analysis | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Cloning, Molecular | Female | Sheep | Mice | Ovary - metabolism
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11. Full Text Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferaion and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway
by Jiang, ZH and Yu, QX and Xia, LL and Zhang, Y and Wang, XX and Wu, XL and Gao, Z
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, ISSN 1015-8987, 2016, Volume 40, Issue 1-2, pp. 207 - 218
Background: Keloids are fibroproliferative scars that develop as a result of a dysregulated wound healing process; however, the molecular mechanisms of keloid... 
CELLS | PHYSIOLOGY | FACTOR-BETA | Smad pathway | Keloids | CANCER | Growth differentiation factor-9 | HYPERTROPHIC SCARS | CELL BIOLOGY | GENE | COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS | SIGNALING PATHWAY | INHIBIN-B PRODUCTION | SKIN | Fibroblast | EXPRESSION
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12. Oocyte-specific expression of growth/differentiation factor-9
by McGrath, S.A and McGrath, Sharon A and Esquela, Aurora F and Esquela, A.F and Lee, S.-J and Lee, Se-Jin
Molecular Endocrinology, ISSN 0888-8809, 1995, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 131 - 136
Growth/differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) is a previously described member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily expressed specifically in the ovary... 
Egg Proteins - biosynthesis | Species Specificity | Humans | DNA, Complementary - genetics | Molecular Sequence Data | Ovary - cytology | Ovary - growth & development | RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis | Growth Substances - genetics | In Situ Hybridization | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Female | Animals, Newborn | Amino Acid Sequence | Estrus | Fertilization | Oocytes - metabolism | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins | RNA, Messenger - genetics | Gene Expression Regulation | Organ Specificity | Ovulation | Sequence Homology, Amino Acid | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Sequence Alignment | Animals | Mice | Growth Substances - biosynthesis | Egg Proteins - genetics
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13. Full Text Effect of growth differentiation factor‐9 (GDF‐9) on the progression of buffalo follicles in vitrified–warmed ovarian tissues
by Abdel‐Ghani, MA and El‐sherry, TM and Abdelhafeez, HH
Reproduction in Domestic Animals, ISSN 0936-6768, 10/2016, Volume 51, Issue 5, pp. 795 - 803
Contents To improve the reproductive performance of water buffalo to level can satisfy our needs, the mechanisms controlling ovarian follicular growth and... 
AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE | PROTEIN | BONE-MORPHOGENETIC-PROTEIN-15 BMP15 | CRYOPRESERVATION | REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY | GENE | CLONING | BOVINE OVARIES | OVINE | VETERINARY SCIENCES | RECEPTORS | EXPRESSION | FOLLICULOGENESIS | Animals | Vitrification | Cryopreservation - veterinary | Buffaloes - physiology | Female | Ovary - drug effects | Ovary - physiology | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - pharmacology | Animal reproduction | Buffalo | Immunohistochemistry | Cell culture | Cortex | Lutein | Ovaries | Tissues | Follicles | Oocytes | Reproduction | Developmental stages | Infertility | Organ culture | Granulosa cells | Differentiation | Buffaloes | Theca
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14. Full Text Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes the Growth, Development, and Survival of Human Ovarian Follicles in Organ Culture
by Hreinsson, Julius Gisli and Scott, Jennifer E and Rasmussen, Carsten and Swahn, Marja Liisa and Hsueh, Aaron J. W and Hovatta, Outi
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, 01/2002, Volume 87, Issue 1, pp. 316 - 321
Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) is a growth factor and a member of the TGFβ superfamily that is secreted by oocytes in growing ovarian follicles. In... 
LONG-TERM CULTURE | STIMULATING-HORMONE | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | OOCYTES | IN-VITRO GROWTH | GDF-9 | FOLLICULOGENESIS | Cell Survival | Humans | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins | Oocytes - cytology | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Ovarian Follicle - drug effects | Time Factors | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Ovarian Follicle - physiology | Growth Substances - pharmacology | Adult | Female | Ovarian Follicle - cytology | Organ Culture Techniques
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15. Full Text Aberrant Expression of Growth Differentiation Factor-9 in Oocytes of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
by Teixeira Filho, Fabio Lopes and Baracat, Edmund Chada and Lee, Taek Hoo and Suh, Chang Suk and Matsui, Motozumi and Chang, R. Jeffrey and Shimasaki, Shunichi and Erickson, Gregory F
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, 03/2002, Volume 87, Issue 3, pp. 1337 - 1344
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of female infertility. Despite substantial effort, the etiology and pathogenesis of PCOS and polycystic... 
MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID | GRANULOSA-CELLS | GENE | RNA | FOLLICLES | MOUSE | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | PREVALENCE | HOMOLOG GDF-9B | FOLLICULOGENESIS | ESTROUS-CYCLE | Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - metabolism | Oocytes - metabolism | Humans | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins | Middle Aged | Reference Values | Cyclophilins - genetics | RNA, Messenger - metabolism | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Growth Substances - genetics | In Situ Hybridization | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Adult | Female | Growth Substances - metabolism
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16. Full Text Characterization of recombinant human growth differentiation factor-9 signaling in ovarian granulosa cells
by Mottershead, David G and Pulkki, Minna M and Muggalla, Pranuthi and Pasternack, Arja and Tolonen, Minna and Myllymaa, Samu and Korchynskyi, Olexandr and Nishi, Yoshihiro and Yanase, Toshihiko and Lun, Stan and Juengel, Jennifer L and Laitinen, Mika and Ritvos, Olli
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, ISSN 0303-7207, 2008, Volume 283, Issue 1, pp. 58 - 67
Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) is an oocyte secreted paracrine factor essential for mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis. Like other members of the... 
Human | Granulosa cells | Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) | Signaling pathway | growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) | INCREASED OVULATION RATE | FACTOR-BETA | I RECEPTOR | signaling pathway | granulosa cells | OOCYTE MITOGENIC ACTIVITY | CELL BIOLOGY | GENE | FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | INHIBIN-B PRODUCTION | PROMOTER | human | FOLLICULOGENESIS | LUTEAL CELLS | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - isolation & purification | Cell Line | Signal Transduction | Humans | Cells, Cultured | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - chemistry | Rats | Tritium | Thymidine | Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism | Granulosa Cells - metabolism | Culture Media, Conditioned | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 | Animals | Growth Differentiation Factor 9 | Female | Mice | Smad Proteins - metabolism | Growth | Proteases | Adenoviruses | Bone morphogenetic proteins | DNA synthesis | Chemical properties | T cells | Transforming growth factors
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17. Full Text Association of novel polymorphisms of forkhead box L2 and growth differentiation factor-9 genes with egg production traits in local Chinese Dagu hens
by Qin, N and Liu, Q and Zhang, Y.Y and Fan, X.C and Xu, X.X and Lv, Z.C and Wei, M.L and Jing, Y and Mu, F and Xu, R.F
Poultry Science, ISSN 0032-5791, 01/2015, Volume 94, Issue 1, pp. 88 - 95