Articles

Economic growth across countries during the last 30 years or so has displayed 'dual' divergence between developed and developing countries, and among... 
Developing countries | Economic policy | Economic development | Transportation | Developing countries Economic policy | Management science

Cities in developing countries are experiencing unprecedented growth. But this is often accompanied by the negative impacts of car-dependent urbanization such... 
Land value taxation | Transit-oriented development | Urban transportation | Tax increment financing | Finance | Special assessments | Developing countries | sustainable development | infrastructure finance | urban transport | urban finance | transit-oriented development | zoning | land value capture | land-use regulations | public-private partnerships

"Over the last thirty years, even as China's economy has grown by leaps and bounds, the environmental quality of its urban centers has precipitously declined... 
Economics | Environmental policy | Environmental aspects | Economic aspects | Ecology | China Environmental conditions | Economic development | Sustainable development | Pollution | China | Development | Environmental Economics | General | BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | Economic development--Environmental aspects | Environmental policy--Economic aspects | Environmental conditions | Business

"With more than half the world's population now living in urban areas, urbanization is undoubtedly one of the most important phenomena of the 21st century. As... 
Sustainable Development | Urbanization | Development | Developing countries | General | 2000 - 2099 | Business Development | Saving and investment | History | Women in development | BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | Development Studies | Industrial Economics | Development Economics | Regional Development | Economic Geography | Gender Studies | Urban Studies | Cities & the Developing World | Development Policy | Cities & Infrastructure (Urban Studies) | Urbanization - Developing countries - History - 21st century

The World Bank has gained significant experience and has an important role to play in supporting innovation systems projects (successful programs included... 
Technology and state | Science and state | Information technology | Economic development | Finance | Developing countries | INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY | INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT | SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY | TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH | MODERNIZATION | NEW TECHNOLOGY | INNOVATION | ECONOMIC INCENTIVES | SYSTEMS DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT | RESEARCH PROGRAMS | FINANCING | METROLOGY | POLITICAL SYSTEMS | PROGRAMS | ADAPTATION | MANAGERS | BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT | KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT | INVENTIONS | BIOTECHNOLOGY | RESEARCH PROJECTS | ECONOMIC GROWTH | POLICY FRAMEWORK | TECHNOLOGY FINANCING | WORKERS SYSTEMS DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT | PATENT OFFICES | PRIVATE SECTOR | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY | COMPETITIVE RESEARCH | COST EFFECTIVENESS | PRINTING | SCIENCE EDUCATION | INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE | TECHNOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE | FINANCIAL SECTOR | MARKET COMPETITION | NEW TECHNOLOGIES | TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER | SCHOOLS | EDUCATION | POLICY REFORM | INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK | EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS | PROPERTY RIGHTS | EXPENDITURES | INCOME | PROJECT DESIGN | INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS | COLLABORATION | PRESENT VALUE | E-GOVERNMENT | PRODUCTION PROCESSES | INFORMATION SYSTEMS | BUSINESS PROCESSES | DISTANCE LEARNING | TECHNOLOGY | UNEMPLOYMENT | EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS | INTERNET ACCESS | LIFELONG LEARNING | KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY PROJECTS | LEARNING | MARKETING | MONITORING & EVALUATION | NETWORKS | INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY | VENTURE CAPITAL | TESTING LABORATORIES | TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT | KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY | PATENTS | BUSINESS PLANS | PRODUCTIVITY | COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES | UNIVERSITIES | INNOVATIONS | ROYALTIES | ENGINEERING

When disaster strikes in cities the effects can be catastrophic compared to other environments. But what factors actually determine the vulnerability or... 
Urban ecology (Sociology) | Urban policy | Disaster relief | Urbanization | Social aspects | Natural disasters | Sustainable development | Sociology, Social Studies | Risk | City and Urban Planning | Cities & Infrastructure (Urban Studies) | Science & Technology | Urban ecology | Cities and towns | Emergency management

The last 25 years have witnessed unprecedented changes around the world—many of them for the better. In all continents, numerous countries have embarked on a... 
Developing countries Economic conditions | Risk- Resilience- Crisis- Risk management- Prosperity- Risk management tools- Opportunity- Risk prevention- National risk board- Vulnerability- Risk sharing- Coalition of the willing- Social protection- Insurance- Macroprudential regulation- Safety nets- Countercyclical policies- Cohesion- Informality- Flexibility- Financial stability | Government & Business | Training | BUS068000 - Business & Economics | Skills | BUS060000 - Business & Economics | BUS059000 - Business & Economics | BUS079000 - Business & Economics | Economic Development | Development | Small Business | BUS066000 - Business & Economics | Social Protections and Labor | International economic relations | insurance | national risk board | risk management | risk management tools | crisis | financial stability | informality | opportunity | safety nets | vulnerability | social protection | risk prevention | countercyclical policies | living standards | flexibility | macroprudential regulation | prosperity | risk | cohesion | risk sharing | resilience

The author investigates the agenda for transformation in contemporary African development studies: policy studies, strategic studies, international relations... 
Economic development | Africa Economic policy | Economics | Politics of Developing Nations | Economics of Development & Transition | Development studies | Development policy, incentives, institutions, infrastructure, innovations, integration, inclusions, implementation, capacity development, public sector reforms | Third World Development | Development Theory and Policy | Development and Third World Studies | Economic policy

The importance of transport corridors for trade and development, including for some of the poorest countries in the world, is widely recognized in this book. A... 
Transit by land (International law) | Developing countries Commerce | Transit, International | Developing countries Economic conditions | Landlocked states | Transportation | CUSTOMS CLEARANCE | TRANSIT SYSTEM | TRANSPORT SERVICES | ROAD NETWORK | WATER NAVIGATION | FREIGHT FORWARDERS | PRICE DIFFERENTIAL | RAIL TRANSPORT | HANDLING | INSPECTION | VEHICLE | TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE | TRANSIT CORRIDORS | LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES | INVESTMENT CLIMATE | REGIONAL TRANSIT | TRUCK CAPACITY | PASSENGERS | ADVERSE EFFECTS | TRANSIT TRADE | FREIGHT TRAFFIC | INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY | TRANSPORT CORRIDORS | COMMUNITY TRANSPORT | FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS | ROAD TRANSPORT PRICES | AVERAGE TRANSIT TIME | SHIPPING | LEGISLATION | INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT | CARGO | ROAD TRANSPORT | TRADE LOGISTICS | VEHICLE REGULATIONS | BOXES | BENCHMARKS | TRANSPORTATION | DRIVERS | SURCHARGES | TRANSPORT PROJECTS | MONOPOLY | NATIONAL TRANSPORT | VEHICLES | TRANSPORT AGENCIES | RISK MANAGEMENT | ITC | ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT MODES | PURCHASING POWER | TRANSPORT FACILITATION | ADB | IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES | ECONOMIC CONDITIONS | ROUTE | DEMURRAGE | TRANSIT | LONG-DISTANCE | TRADE PERFORMANCE | COMMODITY | CARRIERS | TRANSPORT COSTS | TRUCK TRAFFIC | FUEL SHORTAGES | INVENTORY | INVENTORIES | ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE | CIF | EFFICIENT TRANSPORT | FREIGHT BUREAUS | FREIGHT TRANSPORT | SEAPORTS | PORT AUTHORITY | TRANSIT INSTITUTIONS | ROAD FREIGHT RATES | HIGHWAY | RAIL TRANSIT | DELIVERIES | ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE | PENALTIES | TOLLS | ECONOMIC COOPERATION | INSURANCE | BRIDGE | SHIPPERS | TRANSIT CORRIDOR | FREIGHT SERVICES | TRANSIT TIMES | INTERNATIONAL UNION OF RAILWAYS | CARRIAGE | LOGISTICS COSTS | CUSTOMS BROKERS | INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS | TRANSPORT AGREEMENT | BILATERAL TRADE | TRANSPORTS | TRAFFIC | TRANSIT INFRASTRUCTURE | INFRASTRUCTURES | RAILROADS | GATT | WAREHOUSING | COMPETITIVENESS | BORDER CROSSING | LEGAL FRAMEWORK | CUSTOMS | ROAD | FREIGHT MOVEMENT | LAND TRANSPORT | WTO | QUALITY OF TRANSPORT | BORDER CROSSINGS | ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT | HIGHWAY SYSTEMS | RAIL OPERATORS | TOLL | INLAND WATERWAY | PORT OF ENTRY | POLITICAL ECONOMY | ROUTES | AIM | ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS | AIR | HIGHWAY PROJECT | DELIVERY TIMES | RAILWAY | INTERNATIONAL TRADE | VOLUME OF TRAFFIC | SUBSIDIARY | TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS | DEVELOPMENT POLICY | INLAND WATERWAYS | INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT | INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT | CONTAINER SERVICES | FREIGHT SERVICE | TRADE FLOWS | CONGESTION | TRADE VOLUME | RESOURCE MOBILIZATION | TRANSIT INFORMATION | FINANCIAL CRISIS | VEHICLE OPERATING | FREIGHT COSTS | INCOME LEVELS | COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION | PROFIT MARGINS | ROAD TRANSPORT SERVICES | FUEL CONSUMPTION | INFLATION | TRANSPORT STRATEGIES | INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT | PER CAPITA INCOME | TRANSPORT POLICIES | INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS | ROAD INVESTMENT | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | COMMODITIES | WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION | CONTAINERS | ROAD USE | TRANSIT TRIP | ROAD CONDITIONS | TAX | TRUCK USE | SUPPLY CHAINS | FEASIBILITY STUDIES | INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE OF GOODS | DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE | TRANSPORT POLICY | ROADS | AIR TRANSPORT | WAITING TIME | INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT | TRUE | BOTTLENECKS | HIGHWAY CORRIDOR | RAIL | REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS | TRANSIT COUNTRIES | TRANSPORTATION COSTS | TRANSIT POLICY | LOADING | TRANSPORT MARKETS | CUSTOMS DUTIES | TRANSPORT INVESTMENT | TRANSIT SYSTEMS | LDCS | AIR FREIGHT | TRADE FACILITATION | VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS | ROAD QUALITY | COST OF TRANSPORTATION | NATURAL RESOURCES | BORDER MANAGEMENT | EXPORTS | FORWARDING | LEASING CONTRACTS | TRANSIT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE | HIGHWAY NETWORK | REGIONAL ROAD TRANSPORT | TRANSPORT INDUSTRY | FREIGHT | DIESEL | ECONOMIC INTEGRATION | SHIPMENTS | TRUCKS | PRODUCTIVITY | DIESEL FUEL | MANUFACTURING | OPTIMIZATION

"As the world's population continues to grow, there is an ever increasing need for huge investment in basic infrastructure: water and sewage, energy production... 
Infrastructure (Economics) | Economic development projects | International cooperation | Public-private sector cooperation | Developing countries

At present, different concentrating solar thermal technologies (CST) have reached varying degrees of commercial availability. This emerging nature of CST means... 
Renewable energy sources | Energy development | Finance | Solar energy | Energy industries | Economics | BUS072000 - BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | Sustainable Development | Concentrating Solar Power-Concentrating Solar Thermal Power-Regulatory Framework-Solar Power Technologies-Technology Cost Reduction-Renewable Energy-Local manufacturing-Bidding Criteria-Power Purchase Agreements-Developing countries | Infrastructure Economics and Finance | TEC028000 - TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING | Energy | Power Resources | Nuclear | BUS022000 - BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | Development | Economic Conditions | General | Environment | BUS035000 - BUSINESS & ECONOMICS | International | Developing countries | INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT | POLLUTANTS | TRUST FUND | ENERGY MARKETS | UTILITY MODEL | POWER CORPORATION | TRANSLATION | THERMAL PERFORMANCE | RENEWABLE SOURCE | MARKET CONDITIONS | CLIMATE | MARKET PRICES | WIND | RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS | POLICY FRAMEWORK | EMISSION PERMITS | PRIVATE SECTOR | THERMAL POWER GENERATION | TRADING | BALANCE | REVERSE AUCTION | SOLAR RADIATION | CAPACITY FACTOR | CARBON EMISSIONS | POWER PLANTS | BONDS | GENERATION | MARKET PRICE | FOSSIL | CLEAN ENERGY | IMPACT ASSESSMENT | MARKET IMPEDIMENTS | POWER BLOCK | BALANCE SHEET | CLIMATE CHANGE | CASH FLOWS | ENERGY EFFICIENCY | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT | BUYERS | GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY | BUYER | FINANCIAL TERMS | E-MAIL | LOAD FACTOR | FINANCIAL STRUCTURES | INTERNATIONAL FINANCE | AVAILABILITY | STEAM GENERATION | THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES | SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS | CASH FLOW | PHYSICAL ASSET | POWER GENERATORS | PRICE OF ELECTRICITY | INTERNATIONAL BANK | INVESTMENT BANK | CLEAN TECHNOLOGY | DEBT | FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION | SOLAR ENERGY | GOVERNMENT POLICY | QUERIES | INVESTMENT FUNDS | RENEWABLE ENERGY | SUSTAINABLE ENERGY | ELECTRICITY TARIFF | LICENSES | PHOTO | LICENSE | RATE OF RETURN | THERMAL POWER | WIND PROJECTS | CARBON VALUES | ELECTRICITY CAPACITY | DEVELOPING COUNTRY | POWER PLANT | FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY | R&D | RESERVE | RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES | GAS | SOLAR THERMAL | DEVELOPMENT BANK | CONSUMER PROTECTION | INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY | RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCERS | ENABLING ENVIRONMENT | GENERATION CAPACITY | RENEWABLE ENERGY FUND | AUCTION MECHANISMS | CAPABILITIES | POWER PRODUCERS | MARKET SIZE | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS | CREDIT STRENGTH | FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT | PROCUREMENT | MATURITY | LONG-TERM INVESTMENT | LOAN | EXPENDITURES | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | PIPELINE | BID | BOND | CAPITAL EXPENDITURES | RENEWABLE ENERGIES | APPROACH | POWER CAPACITY | WHOLESALE PRICE | ELECTRICITY GENERATION | GAS TURBINE | LOAN GUARANTEES | UTILITIES | COMPETITIVENESS | RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY | BIDS | RURAL ENERGY | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | EXPENDITURE | PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS | IRRADIATION | CAPITAL INVESTMENT | FOSSIL FUEL | OPPORTUNITY COST | POWER CONVERSION | ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION | SPOT MARKET | VALUE CHAIN | REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS | EMPLOYMENT | RENEWABLE SOURCES | LOAN GUARANTEE | RISK CAPITAL | LOCAL CAPACITY | RENEWABLE POWER | TELEPHONE | SOLAR RESOURCE | CAPABILITY | FINANCIAL STABILITY | INVESTMENT PROJECTS | ELECTRICITY SUPPLY | DIFFUSION | ELECTRICITY | KILOWATT-HOUR | SOLAR PROJECTS | INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS | PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP | RISK PROFILE | LOCAL MARKETS | REGULATORY FRAMEWORK | DESERTS | CO2 | TAX INCENTIVES | PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER | TRANSACTION | INVESTMENT LOANS | NATURAL GAS | BACK-UP | RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARDS | ENERGY POLICIES | GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE | LOCAL CAPACITIES | ENERGY DEVELOPMENT | FUELS | CARBON | DEBT SERVICE | RETURNS | HEAT TRANSFER | PREMIUM PAYMENT | ENERGY SOURCES | FINANCIAL CRISIS | MARKET MECHANISM | EXTERNAL CONSULTANTS | INFLATION | CYCLE SYSTEM | SOVEREIGN GUARANTEES | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | PRICE DISCOVERY | COMMERCIAL BANKS | GHG | TAX | FUND MANAGEMENT | CAPITAL EXPENDITURE | TAX CREDIT | RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES | CAPACITY FACTORS | TAX CREDITS | SOLAR POWER | AUCTION MECHANISM | FOSSIL FUEL IMPORTS | PUBLIC UTILITIES | COLORS | ELECTRICITY PRICES | RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATORS | TRANSACTION COSTS | WIND POWER | TRADABLE EMISSION | HOME MARKET | BIOMASS | POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS | EMERGING MARKETS | STEAM TURBINE | EMISSION | SENSITIVITY ANALYSES | RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES | CERTIFICATE | BOILER | EMERGING MARKET | FINANCIAL SUPPORT | POWER PRODUCER | COMPLIANCE COST | ACTION PLAN | HEAT | TRANSPARENCY | REPAYMENT | ACCESS TO INFORMATION | COST OF ELECTRICITY | PORTFOLIO | RESULTS | FINANCIAL RISK | ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION | TARIFF LEVELS | TAX EXEMPTION | INSTRUMENT | DIESEL | PHOTOVOLTAICS | TARGETS | MANUFACTURING | RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD | RESULT