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1. Full Text Discovery of a widespread metabolic pathway within and among phenolic xenobiotics
by Ashrap, Pahriya and Zheng, Guomao and Wan, Yi and Li, Tong and Hu, Wenxin and Li, Wenjuan and Zhang, Hong and Zhang, Zhaobin and Hu, Jianying
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, 06/2017, Volume 114, Issue 23, pp. 6062 - 6067
Metabolism is an organism's primary defense against xenobiotics, yet it also increases the production of toxic metabolites. It is generally recognized that... 
Liver microsome | Phenolic xenobiotic | Triclosan | Metabolic kinetics | Cross-talk reaction | UNITED-STATES | CYTOCHROMES P450 | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | phenolic xenobiotic | triclosan | metabolic kinetics | INDUCTION | TRICLOCARBAN | REGULATING TRICLOSAN | liver microsome | CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR | ENZYMES | LIVER | METHYL TRICLOSAN | cross-talk reaction | BISPHENOL-A | Endocrine Disruptors - metabolism | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Benzhydryl Compounds | Hydroxybenzoates - metabolism | Humans | Microsomes, Liver - metabolism | Triclosan - metabolism | Benzo(a)pyrene | Phenols - metabolism | Triclosan - toxicity | Metabolism | Xenobiotics - chemistry | Triclosan - chemistry | Animals | Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity | Metabolic Networks and Pathways - physiology | Phenols - chemistry | Mice | Xenobiotics - metabolism | Anti-Infective Agents, Local - toxicity | Biological Sciences
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2. Full Text Nrf2-Keap1 defines a physiologically important stress response mechanism
by Motohashi, Hozumi and Yamamoto, Masayuki
Trends in Molecular Medicine, ISSN 1471-4914, 11/2004, Volume 10, Issue 11, pp. 549 - 557
The transcription factor Nrf2 regulates the basal and inducible expression of numerous detoxifying and antioxidant genes. The cytoplasmic protein Keap1... 
MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS | PROTEIN-KINASE-C | OXIDATIVE-STRESS | PROTEASOMAL DEGRADATION | PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | SMALL MAF PROTEINS | CELL BIOLOGY | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2 | FACTOR-DEFICIENT MICE | NF-E2-RELATED FACTOR-2 | GENE-EXPRESSION | Transcriptional Activation - genetics | Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics | Oxidative Stress - physiology | Xenobiotics - pharmacology | Trans-Activators - physiology | Repressor Proteins - physiology | Trans-Activators - genetics | Xenobiotics - metabolism | Cytoskeletal Proteins - physiology | Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 | DNA-Binding Proteins - physiology | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Gene Expression Regulation | Oxidative Stress - genetics | Repressor Proteins - genetics | DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics | Mutation - genetics | Mice, Knockout | Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - physiology | Animals | Antioxidants - physiology | Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - genetics | NF-E2-Related Factor 2 | Inactivation, Metabolic - genetics | Mice | Transcriptional Activation - physiology
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3. Full Text Heavy metal stress and some mechanisms of plant defense response
by Emamverdian, Abolghassem and Ding, Yulong and Mokhberdoran, Farzad and Xie, Yinfeng
Scientific World Journal, ISSN 2356-6140, 2015, Volume 2015, pp. 756120 - 18
Unprecedented bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment have become a dilemma for all living organisms including plants.... 
Metals, Heavy - pharmacokinetics | Stress, Physiological - physiology | Metallothionein - metabolism | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism | Plants - microbiology | Plants - metabolism | Metals, Heavy - toxicity | Mycorrhizae - metabolism | Metals, Heavy - analysis | Plants - chemistry | Chelating Agents - metabolism | Environmental Pollutants - analysis | Stress (Physiology) | Plant defenses | Observations | Health aspects | Heavy metals | Antioxidants | Studies | Enzymes | Climate change | Free radicals | Cytotoxicity | Physiology | Defense | Review
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4. Full Text The UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: Their role in drug metabolism and detoxification
by Rowland, Andrew and Miners, John O and Mackenzie, Peter I
International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, ISSN 1357-2725, 06/2013, Volume 45, Issue 6, pp. 1121 - 1132
Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) exists as a superfamily of 22 proteins, which are divided into 5 families and 6 subfamilies on the basis of sequence... 
Drug metabolism | Glucuronidation | UDP-glucuronosyltransferase | Detoxification | Elimination | RAT-LIVER | BILIRUBIN UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE-1 | ZIDOVUDINE PHARMACOKINETICS | IN-VIVO EXTRAPOLATION | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | VALPROIC ACID | HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES | CELL BIOLOGY | ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-ALPHA | ANDROGEN GLUCURONIDATION | GLUCURONIDATION PARAMETERS | 2B7 UGT2B7 | Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Humans | Liver | Glucuronic Acid - metabolism | Catalysis | Pharmacokinetics | Glucuronosyltransferase - biosynthesis | Drugs | Physiological aspects | Enzymes | Detoxification (Substance abuse treatment)
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5. Full Text Differential role of toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein in toll-like receptor 2-mediated regulation of gene expression of hepatic cytokines and drug-metabolizing enzymes
by Ghose, Romi and Guo, Tao and Vallejo, Jesus G and Gandh, Adarsh
Drug Metabolism and Disposition, ISSN 0090-9556, 05/2011, Volume 39, Issue 5, pp. 874 - 881
Pharmacological activities of drugs are impaired during inflammation because of reduced expression of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme genes (DMEs) and their... 
SIGNALING PATHWAYS | HEPATOCYTES | LIPOTEICHOIC ACID | DOWN-REGULATION | LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE | MOUSE-LIVER | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA | X-RECEPTOR | KNOCKOUT MICE | NF-KAPPA-B | Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics | Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I - physiology | Receptors, Interleukin-1 - genetics | Male | Liver - immunology | Membrane Glycoproteins - physiology | Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II - genetics | Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I - genetics | Cytokines - genetics | Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - physiology | Lipopolysaccharides - physiology | Cytokines - blood | Gene Expression | Inactivation, Metabolic - immunology | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Cytokines - metabolism | Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II - physiology | Down-Regulation | Liver - metabolism | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Cells, Cultured | Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - physiology | Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics | Signal Transduction - genetics | Teichoic Acids | Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics | Mice, Knockout | Animals | Hepatocytes | Toll-Like Receptor 2 - physiology | Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics | Receptors, Interleukin-1 - physiology | Signal Transduction - physiology | Inactivation, Metabolic - genetics | Mice | Cytokines - biosynthesis
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6. Full Text A novel in Vitro experimental system for the evaluation of drug metabolism: Cofactor-supplemented permeabilized cryopreserved human hepatocytes (MetMax cryopreserved human hepatocytes)
by Li, Albert P and Li, Albert P and Ho, Ming-Chih David and Ho, Ming-Chih David and Amaral, Kirsten and Amaral, Kirsten and Loretz, Carol and Loretz, Carol
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, ISSN 0090-9556, 11/2018, Volume 46, Issue 11, pp. 1608 - 1616
We report here a novel experimental system, cryopreserved MetMax human hepatocytes (MMHHs), for in vitro drug metabolism studies. MMHHs consist of... 
CLEARANCE | ASSAY | INHIBITION | RISK | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | HEPATOTOXICITY | INDUCTION | MODEL | UTILITY | DISCOVERY | PREDICTION | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Oxidation-Reduction | Humans | Liver - metabolism | Cells, Cultured | Hepatocytes - metabolism | Cryopreservation - methods | Metabolic Clearance Rate - physiology | Coenzymes - metabolism | Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism | Glucuronosyltransferase - metabolism | Metabolic Networks and Pathways - physiology | Cell Survival - physiology | Centrifugation | Oxidase | Cytotoxicity | Thawing | Carboxylesterase | Density | Cofactors | Cell density | Time dependence | Dimethylaniline monooxygenase (N-oxide-forming) | Flavin | Enzymatic activity | Analgesics | Cryopreservation | Drug metabolism | Oxidation | Acetyltransferase | CYP2D6 protein | Glutathione | Evaluation | Cytochrome P450 | Mass spectroscopy | Liquid chromatography | CYP1A2 protein | Metabolism | Coumarin | Substrates | Amine oxidase (flavin-containing) | Sulfation | Hepatocytes | Acetaminophen | Liquid nitrogen | Metabolic pathways | Aldehyde oxidase | Conjugation | Mass spectrometry | Viability
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7. Full Text Advances in engineered human liver platforms for drug metabolism studies
by Underhill, Gregory H and Underhill, Gregory H and Khetani, Salman R and Khetani, Salman R
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, ISSN 0090-9556, 11/2018, Volume 46, Issue 11, pp. 1626 - 1637
Metabolism in the liver often determines the overall clearance rates of many pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, induction or inhibition of the liver drug metabolism... 
VITRO | PRIMARY HUMAN HEPATOCYTES | RAT HEPATOCYTES | MICROPATTERNED COCULTURES | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | TOXICITY | CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS | MODEL | IN VIVO CORRELATION | CULTURE | HEPATIC-CLEARANCE | Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Humans | Liver - metabolism | Drug Interactions - physiology | Metabolic Networks and Pathways - physiology | Hepatocytes - metabolism | Coculture Techniques - methods | Metabolic Clearance Rate - physiology | Bioengineering - methods | Bioengineering | Drugs | Self assembly | Enzymes | Platforms | Liver | Metabolism | Drug development | Spheroids | Microsomes | Cofactors | Monoculture | Three dimensional printing | Hepatocytes | Perfusion | Cell lines | Drug metabolism | Metabolic pathways | Pharmaceutical industry | Commercialization | Pharmaceuticals | Special Section – New Models in Drug Metabolism and Transport
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8. Full Text Electrochemical simulation of metabolism for antitumor-active imidazoacridinone C-1311 and in silico prediction of drug metabolic reactions
by Potęga, Agnieszka and Żelaszczyk, Dorota and Mazerska, Zofia
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, ISSN 0731-7085, 05/2019, Volume 169, pp. 269 - 278
The metabolism of antitumor-active 5-diethylaminoethylamino-8-hydroxyimidazoacridinone (C-1311) has been investigated widely over the last decade but some... 
Antitumor compound | On-line electrochemistry-mass spectrometry | In vitro drug metabolism | Cytochrome P450 | Metabolite electrosynthesis | In silico site of metabolism prediction | CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL | MECHANISM | IDENTIFICATION | ONLINE | BIOTRANSFORMATION | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | AGENTS | PRECLINICAL EVALUATION | SPECTROMETRY | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Oxidation-Reduction | Humans | Microsomes, Liver - metabolism | Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism | Biochemical Phenomena - physiology | Antineoplastic Agents - metabolism | Electrodes | Aminoacridines - metabolism | Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization - methods | Computer Simulation | Electrochemical Techniques - methods | Electrochemistry - methods | Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods | Enzymes | Electrochemical reactions | Metabolites | Analysis | Physiological aspects | Electrochemistry | Batteries | Mass spectrometry
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9. Full Text Physiological regulation of drug metabolism and transport: Pregnancy, microbiome, inflammation, infection, and fasting
by Morgan, Edward T and Dempsey, Joseph L and Mimche, Sylvie M and Lamb, Tracey J and Kulkarni, Supriya and Cui, Julia Yue and Jeong, Hyunyoung and Slitt, Angela L
Drug Metabolism and Disposition, ISSN 0090-9556, 05/2018, Volume 46, Issue 5, pp. 503 - 513
This article is a report on a symposium entitled "Physiological Regulation of Drug Metabolism and Transport" sponsored by the American Society for Pharmacology... 
ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR | SIGNALING PATHWAY | HUMAN HEPATOCYTES | ACUTE FALCIPARUM-MALARIA | INTESTINAL FLORA | GERM-FREE MICE | MOUSE-LIVER | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | KYNURENIC ACID | MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS | PROCESSING GENES | Humans | Male | Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology | Tryptophan - metabolism | Inflammation - metabolism | Female | Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism | Fasting - metabolism | Malaria - metabolism | Plasmodium chabaudi - pathogenicity | Schistosomiasis mansoni - physiopathology | Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 - metabolism | Microbiota - physiology | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Fasting - physiology | Liver - metabolism | Mice, Transgenic | Metabolic Clearance Rate - physiology | Pregnancy | Schistosomiasis mansoni - metabolism | Animals | Antioxidant Response Elements - physiology | Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 - metabolism | Malaria - physiopathology | Biological Transport - physiology | Mice | Inflammation - physiopathology | Symposium Report
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10. Full Text Integrating Cellular Metabolism into a Multiscale Whole-Body Model
by Krauss, Markus and Schaller, Stephan and Borchers, Steffen and Findeisen, Rolf and Lippert, Jörg and Kuepfer, Lars
PLoS Computational Biology, ISSN 1553-734X, 10/2012, Volume 8, Issue 10, p. e1002750
Cellular metabolism continuously processes an enormous range of external compounds into endogenous metabolites and is as such a key element in human... 
AMMONIA LEVELS | NETWORK RECONSTRUCTION | PHARMACOKINETICS | HIGH-THROUGHPUT | TISSUE DISTRIBUTION | BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS | MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY | FLUX | PHYSIOLOGICAL MODEL | INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY | INBORN-ERRORS | PREDICTION | Computational Biology - methods | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Uric Acid - metabolism | Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn | Humans | Ammonia - pharmacokinetics | Hyperuricemia - metabolism | Metabolism - physiology | Hepatocytes - metabolism | Allopurinol - administration & dosage | Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - metabolism | Models, Biological | Computer Simulation | Liver - physiology | Urea - metabolism | Liver - cytology | Acetaminophen - pharmacokinetics | Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - pathology | Hyperuricemia - therapy | Hepatocytes - physiology | Physiological aspects | Research | Metabolism | Pharmacokinetics | Health aspects | Computational biology | Studies | Metabolites | Metabolic disorders
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11. Full Text The Aldo-Keto Reductase Superfamily and its Role in Drug Metabolism and Detoxification
by Barski, Oleg A and Tipparaju, Srinivas M and Bhatnagar, Aruni
Drug Metabolism Reviews, ISSN 0360-2532, 2008, Volume 40, Issue 4, pp. 553 - 624
The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily comprises enzymes that catalyze redox transformations involved in biosynthesis, intermediary metabolism, and... 
Structural motif | Carbonyl reduction | Detoxification | AKR | α, β-barrel | Pharmaceutical | Aldo-keto reductase | Xenobiotic | Gene homology | PROTEIN-KINASE-C | HUMAN LIVER CYTOSOL | LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN | alpha, beta-barrel | SHORT-CHAIN DEHYDROGENASES/REDUCTASES | HUMAN 20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE | GATED K+ CHANNELS | MOUSE VAS-DEFERENS | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS | PROSTAGLANDIN-F SYNTHASE | GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS | Inactivation, Metabolic - physiology | Humans | Aldehyde Reductase | Alcohol Oxidoreductases - physiology | Alcohol Oxidoreductases - genetics | Aldo-Keto Reductases | Protein Structure, Secondary - genetics | Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism | Animals | Alcohol Oxidoreductases - chemistry | Protein Structure, Secondary - drug effects | Pharmaceutical Preparations - chemistry | Protein Structure, Secondary - physiology | Inactivation, Metabolic - genetics | Index Medicus | carbonyl reduction | pharmaceutical | structural motif | detoxification | xenobiotic | gene homology
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