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1. Full Text Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology
by Sen, Sinol and Ingale, S.L and Kim, Y.W and Kim, H.S and Kim, K.H and Kim, J.S and Kim, E.K and Lohakare, J.D and Ryu, M.H and Kwon, I.K and Chae, B.J
Research in Veterinary Science, ISSN 0034-5288, 08/2012, Volume 93, Issue 1, pp. 264 - 268
Present study investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of LS 1-2 on growth performance, apparent nutrient retention, caecal microbial population and... 
Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 | Performance | Broilers | Intestinal morphology | Apparent nutrient retention | ENZYME-ACTIVITIES | MICROFLORA COMPOSITION | PROBIOTICS | CHICKENS | INCLUSION | VETERINARY SCIENCES | CULTURES | DIGESTIBILITY | LACTOBACILLUS | FEED | Chickens - growth & development | Bacillus subtilis | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Chickens - anatomy & histology | Chickens - microbiology | Cecum - microbiology | Digestion - physiology | Chickens - metabolism | Probiotics | Animals | Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology | Dietary Supplements | Diet - veterinary | Hogs | Microbiology | Diet | Poultry | Birds | Feeds | Bacteriology | Index Medicus
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2. Full Text Dietary antigens limit mucosal immunity by inducing regulatory T cells in the small intestine
by Kim, Kwang Soon and Hong, Sung-Wook and Han, Daehee and Yi, Jaeu and Jung, Jisun and Yang, Bo-Gie and Lee, Jun Young and Lee, Minji and Surh, Charles D
Science, ISSN 0036-8075, 02/2016, Volume 351, Issue 6275, pp. 858 - 863
Dietary antigens are normally rendered nonimmunogenic through a poorly understood "oral tolerance" mechanism that involves immunosuppressive regulatory T... 
POPULATION | DENDRITIC CELLS | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | RETINOIC-ACID | ORAL TOLERANCE | REG-CELLS | GENERATION | DIVERSITY | ABSENCE | MICE | DIFFERENTIATION | Dietary Proteins - immunology | Lymphocyte Activation | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Immunity, Mucosal | Immune Tolerance | Dyspepsia - immunology | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology | Animals | Diet | Germ-Free Life | Antigens - immunology | Mice | Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology | Intestine, Small - immunology | T cells | Antigens | Cell interaction | Intestine, Small | Observations | Health aspects | Small intestine | Cells | Immune system | Index Medicus
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3. Full Text Increased intestinal permeability and tight junction alterations in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
by Miele, Luca and Valenza, Venanzio and La Torre, Giuseppe and Montalto, Massimo and Cammarota, Giovanni and Ricci, Riccardo and Mascianà, Roberta and Forgione, Alessandra and Gabrieli, Maria L and Perotti, Germano and Vecchio, Fabio M and Rapaccini, Gianlodovico and Gasbarrini, Giovanni and Day, Chris P and Grieco, Antonio
Hepatology, ISSN 0270-9139, 06/2009, Volume 49, Issue 6, pp. 1877 - 1887
The role played by the gut in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still a matter of debate, although animal and human studies suggest that gut‐derived... 
PATHOGENESIS | OROCECAL TRANSIT | INSULIN-RESISTANCE | CR-51 EDTA | ULCERATIVE-COLITIS | GUT | BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH | STEATOHEPATITIS | GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY | IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME | CELIAC-DISEASE | Intestine, Small - ultrastructure | Fatty Liver - metabolism | Humans | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Middle Aged | Tight Junctions | Adult | Female | Male | Intestine, Small - metabolism | Permeability | Index Medicus
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4. Full Text Transfer of Intestinal Microbiota From Lean Donors Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome
by Vrieze, Anne and Van Nood, Els and Holleman, Frits and Salojärvi, Jarkko and Kootte, Ruud S and Bartelsman, Joep F.W.M and Dallinga–Thie, Geesje M and Ackermans, Mariette T and Serlie, Mireille J and Oozeer, Raish and Derrien, Muriel and Druesne, Anne and Van Hylckama Vlieg, Johan E.T and Bloks, Vincent W and Groen, Albert K and Heilig, Hans G.H.J and Zoetendal, Erwin G and Stroes, Erik S and de Vos, Willem M and Hoekstra, Joost B.L and Nieuwdorp, Max
Gastroenterology, ISSN 0016-5085, 2012, Volume 143, Issue 4, pp. 913 - 916.e7
Alterations in intestinal microbiota are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. We studied the effects of infusing intestinal microbiota from lean... 
Gastroenterology and Hepatology | Bacteria | Diabetes | Clinical Trial | Short-Chain Fatty Acids | STORAGE | TRACT | OBESITY | GUT MICROBIOME | RESISTANCE | BUTYRATE | GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY | PROBE | Body Mass Index | Clostridium | Escherichia coli | Humans | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Middle Aged | Insulin Resistance | Alcaligenes faecalis | Male | Metabolic Syndrome - therapy | Bacteroidetes | Eubacterium | Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism | Feces - microbiology | Metabolic Syndrome - blood | Feces - chemistry | Statistics, Nonparametric | Oxalobacter formigenes | Adult | Blood Glucose - metabolism | Metagenome | Glucose metabolism | Medical colleges | Physiological aspects | Insulin resistance | Glucose | Insulin | Dextrose | Index Medicus | Abridged Index Medicus | gut microbiome | tract | butyrate | bacteria | storage | obesity | resistance | probe
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5. Full Text The human small intestinal microbiota is driven by rapid uptake and conversion of simple carbohydrates
by Zoetendal, E.G and Raes, J and Bogert, B. van den and Arumugam, M and Booijink, C.C and Troost, F.J and Bork, P and Wels, M.W and Vos, W.M. de and Kleerebezem, M
The ISME Journal, ISSN 1751-7362, 2012, Volume 6, Issue 7, pp. 1415 - 1426
The human gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) harbors a complex community of microbes. The microbiota composition varies between different locations in the GI... 
microbiota | phylogeny | small intestine | ecological model | function | TWINS | SEQUENCE DATA | MICROBIOLOGY | FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM | MICROARRAY ANALYSIS | MUCOSA | GUT MICROBIOME | BACTERIAL DIVERSITY | ECOLOGY | HUMAN ILEAL | SAMPLES | HUMAN GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT | Ileostomy | Humans | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Carbohydrate Metabolism | Male | Clostridium - genetics | Phylogeny | Clostridium - isolation & purification | Fermentation | Streptococcus - genetics | Escherichia coli - genetics | Escherichia coli - isolation & purification | Streptococcus - isolation & purification | Ecosystem | Escherichia coli - metabolism | Adult | Female | Clostridium - metabolism | Colon - microbiology | Metagenome | Streptococcus - metabolism | Index Medicus | Carbohydrates | Mucosa | Effluents | Biotin | Gastrointestinal tract | Metabolism | Fatty acids | Small intestine | Models | Colon | Intestinal microflora | phosphotransferase | Original | bacterial diversity | twins | human gastrointestinal-tract | sequence data | gut microbiome | microarray analysis | fragment-length-polymorphism | human ileal | mucosa | samples
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6. Full Text Rapid fucosylation of intestinal epithelium sustains host-commensal symbiosis in sickness
by Pickard, Joseph M and Maurice, Corinne F and Kinnebrew, Melissa A and Abt, Michael C and Schenten, Dominik and Golovkina, Tatyana V and Bogatyrev, Said R and Ismagilov, Rustem F and Pamer, Eric G and Turnbaugh, Peter J and Chervonsky, Alexander V
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 10/2014, Volume 514, Issue 7524, pp. 638 - 641
Systemic infection induces conserved physiological responses that include both resistance and 'tolerance of infection' mechanisms(1). Temporary anorexia... 
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION | GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY | CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | ESCHERICHIA-COLI | GENE-EXPRESSION | MICE | INFECTION | GUT MICROBIOTA | FUCOSE | ANOREXIA | Virulence Factors - genetics | Disease | Dendritic Cells - immunology | Fucose - metabolism | Male | Anorexia - microbiology | Anorexia - complications | Protective Factors | Epithelium - microbiology | Interleukins - immunology | Female | Interleukins - biosynthesis | Toll-Like Receptors - metabolism | Fatty Acids - metabolism | Dendritic Cells - metabolism | Symbiosis | Eating | Bacteria - metabolism | Microbiota - physiology | Citrobacter rodentium - immunology | Fatty Acids - chemistry | Epithelium - metabolism | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Toll-Like Receptors - immunology | Immune Tolerance | Glycosylation | Immunity, Innate | Bacteria - genetics | Toll-Like Receptors - agonists | Fucosyltransferases - metabolism | Metabolic Networks and Pathways - genetics | Animals | Ligands | Bacteria - pathogenicity | Mice | Intestine, Small - metabolism | Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial | Zoological research | Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) | Research | Epithelium | Health aspects | Proteins | Enzymes | Antibiotics | E coli | Rodents | Bacteria | Infections | Small intestine | Index Medicus
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7. Full Text Bacterial Sensor Nod2 Prevents Inflammation of the Small Intestine by Restricting the Expansion of the Commensal Bacteroides vulgatus
by Ramanan, Deepshika and Tang, Mei San and Bowcutt, Rowann and Loke, P’ng and Cadwell, Ken
Immunity, ISSN 1074-7613, 08/2014, Volume 41, Issue 2, pp. 311 - 324
Nod2 has been extensively characterized as a bacterial sensor that induces an antimicrobial and inflammatory gene expression program. Therefore, it is unclear... 
AUTOPHAGY GENE ATG16L1 | CROHNS-DISEASE | COLITIS | MURAMYL DIPEPTIDE | MOUSE | HOST | MICE | PANETH CELLS | GUT MICROBIOTA | IMMUNOLOGY | BOWEL-DISEASE | Microbiota - immunology | Bacteroides - immunology | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Enteritis - genetics | Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein - genetics | Inflammation - immunology | Crohn Disease - immunology | Mice, Knockout | Signal Transduction - immunology | Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics | Animals | Lymphocytes - immunology | Disease Susceptibility - immunology | Intestinal Mucosa - immunology | Bacterial Typing Techniques | Enteritis - immunology | Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 - immunology | Inflammation - genetics | Mice | Goblet Cells - pathology | Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis | Intestine, Small - immunology | Prevention | Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) | Analysis | Inflammation | Sensors | Biological response modifiers | Gene expression | Index Medicus
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8. Full Text The Intestinal Microbiota Affect Central Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor and Behavior in Mice
by Bercik, Premysl and Denou, Emmanuel and Collins, Josh and Jackson, Wendy and Lu, Jun and Jury, Jennifer and Deng, Yikang and Blennerhassett, Patricia and Macri, Joseph and McCoy, Kathy D and Verdu, Elena F and Collins, Stephen M
Gastroenterology, ISSN 0016-5085, 2011, Volume 141, Issue 2, pp. 599 - 609.e3
Background & Aims Alterations in the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract (dysbiosis) are believed to contribute to inflammatory and functional... 
Gastroenterology and Hepatology | Host–Bacterial Interactions | Commensal Bacteria | Inflammatory Bowel Disease | Gut–Brain Axis | GutBrain Axis | HostBacterial Interactions | Gut-Brain Axis | ANXIETY | FECAL MICROBIOTA | MOUSE | MODEL | MOOD DISORDERS | DISEASE | Host-Bacterial Interactions | CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY | HEPATIC-ENCEPHALOPATHY | GUT BACTERIA | IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME | Cytokines - metabolism | Sympathectomy | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Amygdala - metabolism | Colon - drug effects | Behavior, Animal - physiology | Vagotomy | Colon - metabolism | Hippocampus - metabolism | Animals | Analysis of Variance | Intestine, Small - drug effects | Colitis - metabolism | Germ-Free Life | Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology | Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism | Colon - microbiology | Mice | Mice, Inbred BALB C | Intestine, Small - metabolism | Hippocampus - physiology | Amygdala - physiology | Peroxidase - metabolism | Automated teller machines | Universities and colleges | Gastrointestinal diseases | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | Index Medicus | Abridged Index Medicus
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9. Full Text Maternal gut bacteria promote neurodevelopmental abnormalities in mouse offspring
by Kim, Sangdoo and Kim, Hyunju and Yim, Yeong Shin and Ha, Soyoung and Atarashi, Koji and Tan, Tze Guan and Longman, Randy S and Honda, Kenya and Littman, Dan R and Choi, Gloria B and Huh, Jun R
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 09/2017, Volume 549, Issue 7673, pp. 528 - 532
Maternal immune activation (MIA) contributes to behavioural abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in both primate and rodent... 
T(H)17 CELLS | DENDRITIC CELLS | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | IMMUNE ACTIVATION | BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT | MICROBIOTA | INFECTION | MICE | DIFFERENTIATION | AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS | PREGNANCY | Symbiosis | Inflammation - microbiology | Dendritic Cells - immunology | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Interleukin-17 - immunology | Interleukin-1beta - immunology | Male | Inflammation - immunology | Interleukin-23 - immunology | Behavior, Animal | Pregnancy | Phenotype | Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - microbiology | Animals | Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - immunology | Intestine, Small - cytology | Interleukin-6 - immunology | Th17 Cells - immunology | Female | Th17 Cells - cytology | Mice | Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology | Intestine, Small - immunology | Nervous system | Degeneration | Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) | Health aspects | Risk factors | Brain | Interleukin | Differentiation (biology) | Disorders | Helper cells | Effector cells | Interleukin 23 | Lymphocytes T | Infections | Activation | Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mothers | Epidemiology | Small intestine | Interleukin 6 | Cell activation | Lymphocytes | Rodents | Bacteria | Digestive tract | Immune system | Dendritic cells | Digestive system | Abnormalities | Fetuses | Cortex | Inflammation | Exposure | Cell differentiation | CD4 antigen | Studies | Autism | Progeny | Offspring | Filamentous bacteria | Females | Viral infections | Index Medicus
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10. Full Text The Intestinal Microbiota Modulates the Anticancer Immune Effects of Cyclophosphamide
by Sophie Viaud and Fabiana Saccheri and Grégoire Mignot and Takahiro Yamazaki and Romain Daillère and Dalil Hannani and David P. Enot and Christina Pfirschke and Camilla Engblom and Mikael J. Pittet and Andreas Schlitzer and Florent Ginhoux and Lionel Apetoh and Elisabeth Chachaty and Paul-Louis Woerther and Gérard Eberl and Marion Bérard and Chantal Ecobichon and Dominique Clermont and Chantai Bizet and Valérie Gaboriau-Routhiau and Nadine Cerf-Bensussan and Paule Opolon and Nadia Yessaad and Eric Vivier and Bernhard Ryffel and Charles O. Elson and Joël Doré and Guido Kroemer and Patricia Lepage and Ivo Gomperts Boneca and François Ghiringhelli and Laurence Zitvogel
Science, ISSN 0036-8075, 11/2013, Volume 342, Issue 6161, pp. 971 - 976
Cyclophosphamide is one of several clinically important cancer drugs whose therapeutic efficacy is due in part to their ability to stimulate antitumor immune... 
REPORTS | SYSTEM | MICE | T-CELL RESPONSES | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | PATHOGENIC T(H)17 CELLS | BARRIER | Gram-Positive Bacteria - physiology | Microbiota - physiology | Gram-Positive Bacteria - drug effects | Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use | Intestine, Small - microbiology | Microbiota - drug effects | Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use | Th17 Cells - transplantation | Adoptive Transfer | Bacterial Translocation - drug effects | Cyclophosphamide - therapeutic use | Lymphoid Tissue - immunology | Neoplasms - drug therapy | Animals | Neoplasms - immunology | Germ-Free Life | Th17 Cells - immunology | Immunologic Memory | Mice | Lymphoid Tissue - microbiology | Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage | Cyclophosphamide | Care and treatment | Physiological aspects | Dosage and administration | Research | Microbial colonies | Health aspects | Cancer | Microbiology | Immune system | Index Medicus | Effectiveness | Guanosines | Oligonucleotides | Links | Tumors | Anticancer properties | Life Sciences
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