American Journal of Surgical Pathology, ISSN 0147-5185, 06/2005, Volume 29, Issue 6, pp. 707 - 723
The natural history, classification, and nomenclature of ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential (S-LMP) (serous tumors of borderline malignancy,...
Micro-invasion | Atypical proliferating tumor | Borderline tumor | Invasive implant | Micropapillary | Serous tumor of low malignant potential | microinvasion | PERITONEAL IMPLANTS | SURGERY | micropapillary | INVOLVEMENT | serous tumor of low malignant potential | HISTOLOGIC FEATURES | PATHOLOGY | EPITHELIAL TUMORS | GRADE CARCINOMA | atypical proliferating tumor | CRIBRIFORM PATTERNS | RECURRENCE | DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA | borderline tumor | invasive implant | Humans | Middle Aged | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - pathology | Disease Progression | Neoplasm Metastasis | Cell Transformation, Neoplastic | Adolescent | Survival Analysis | Aged, 80 and over | Adult | Female | Aged | Retrospective Studies | Neoplasm Staging | Child
Micro-invasion | Atypical proliferating tumor | Borderline tumor | Invasive implant | Micropapillary | Serous tumor of low malignant potential | microinvasion | PERITONEAL IMPLANTS | SURGERY | micropapillary | INVOLVEMENT | serous tumor of low malignant potential | HISTOLOGIC FEATURES | PATHOLOGY | EPITHELIAL TUMORS | GRADE CARCINOMA | atypical proliferating tumor | CRIBRIFORM PATTERNS | RECURRENCE | DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA | borderline tumor | invasive implant | Humans | Middle Aged | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - pathology | Disease Progression | Neoplasm Metastasis | Cell Transformation, Neoplastic | Adolescent | Survival Analysis | Aged, 80 and over | Adult | Female | Aged | Retrospective Studies | Neoplasm Staging | Child
Journal Article
Journal of Experimental Medicine, ISSN 0022-1007, 2015, Volume 212, Issue 2, pp. 139 - 148
Immune escape is a prerequisite for tumor development. To avoid the immune system, tumors develop different mechanisms, including T cell exhaustion, which is...
CANCER PATIENTS | MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | CARCINOMA PATIENTS | DIRECTLY SUPPRESSES ACTIVATION | IMMUNE SUPPRESSION | TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR | RECEPTOR-TYPE 2 | OVARIAN-CANCER | IMMUNOLOGY | CHRONIC VIRAL-INFECTION | EXHAUSTION | ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR | Neoplasms - metabolism | Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - antagonists & inhibitors | Gene Expression Profiling | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism | Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor - metabolism | Neoplasms - genetics | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism | Female | Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - metabolism | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - pharmacology | Disease Models, Animal | CTLA-4 Antigen - metabolism | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - metabolism | CTLA-4 Antigen - genetics | Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - drug effects | Animals | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Neoplasms - immunology | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - drug effects | Protein Binding | Mice | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Neoplasms - pathology | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - genetics | Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - immunology | Brief Definitive Report
CANCER PATIENTS | MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | CARCINOMA PATIENTS | DIRECTLY SUPPRESSES ACTIVATION | IMMUNE SUPPRESSION | TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR | RECEPTOR-TYPE 2 | OVARIAN-CANCER | IMMUNOLOGY | CHRONIC VIRAL-INFECTION | EXHAUSTION | ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR | Neoplasms - metabolism | Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - antagonists & inhibitors | Gene Expression Profiling | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism | Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor - metabolism | Neoplasms - genetics | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism | Female | Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - metabolism | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - pharmacology | Disease Models, Animal | CTLA-4 Antigen - metabolism | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - metabolism | CTLA-4 Antigen - genetics | Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - drug effects | Animals | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Neoplasms - immunology | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - drug effects | Protein Binding | Mice | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Neoplasms - pathology | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - genetics | Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - immunology | Brief Definitive Report
Journal Article
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Full Text
Inactivation of tumor‐specific CD8+ CTLs by tumor‐infiltrating tolerogenic dendritic cells
Immunology and Cell Biology, ISSN 0818-9641, 10/2013, Volume 91, Issue 9, pp. 545 - 555
Cancer immunosurveillance failure is largely attributed to the insufficient activation of tumor‐specific class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)...
tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes | CTL | tumor‐infiltrating dendritic cells | Hepa1‐6 | costimulatory molecule | tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes | tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells | Hepa1-6 | ACTIVATION | HIV GAG PROTEIN | MECHANISM | INDUCTION | IMMUNOLOGY | CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES | ANTIGENIC PEPTIDE | CELL BIOLOGY | DEC-205 RECEPTOR | IN-VIVO | INFECTION | OVARIAN-CANCER PROGRESSION | Neoplasm Transplantation | Tumor Escape | Minor Histocompatibility Antigens | Dendritic Cells - immunology | Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - metabolism | Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism | Antigens, CD - metabolism | CD11c Antigen - metabolism | Lectins, C-Type - metabolism | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - immunology | Cell Differentiation | alpha-Fetoproteins - metabolism | Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology | Lymphocyte Activation | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Immune Tolerance | Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism | Tumor Burden | Immunosuppression | Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism | Animals | Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics | Cell Line, Tumor | Cross-Priming | Mice | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Cell Movement | Cytotoxicity, Immunologic | Original
tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes | CTL | tumor‐infiltrating dendritic cells | Hepa1‐6 | costimulatory molecule | tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes | tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells | Hepa1-6 | ACTIVATION | HIV GAG PROTEIN | MECHANISM | INDUCTION | IMMUNOLOGY | CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES | ANTIGENIC PEPTIDE | CELL BIOLOGY | DEC-205 RECEPTOR | IN-VIVO | INFECTION | OVARIAN-CANCER PROGRESSION | Neoplasm Transplantation | Tumor Escape | Minor Histocompatibility Antigens | Dendritic Cells - immunology | Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - metabolism | Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism | Antigens, CD - metabolism | CD11c Antigen - metabolism | Lectins, C-Type - metabolism | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - immunology | Cell Differentiation | alpha-Fetoproteins - metabolism | Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology | Lymphocyte Activation | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Immune Tolerance | Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism | Tumor Burden | Immunosuppression | Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism | Animals | Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics | Cell Line, Tumor | Cross-Priming | Mice | CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Cell Movement | Cytotoxicity, Immunologic | Original
Journal Article
International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, 06/2012, Volume 130, Issue 12, pp. 2747 - 2760
Elevated platelet counts in patients diagnosed with malignant tumors were first described more than 100 years ago. Today it is well known that in many types of...
thrombocytosis | cancer | metastasis | angiogenesis | platelets | GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP | HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELL | LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR | MPL-DEFICIENT MICE | RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA | EPITHELIAL OVARIAN-CARCINOMA | METASTATIC MALIGNANT-MELANOMA | LUNG-CANCER | COLORECTAL-CANCER PATIENTS | ONCOLOGY | ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR | Blood Platelets - pathology | Neoplasm Metastasis | Neoplasms - blood | Platelet Count | Humans | Neovascularization, Pathologic | Neoplasms - blood supply | Neoplasms - pathology | Survival | Thrombocytosis - pathology | Medical prognosis | Rodents | Tumors
thrombocytosis | cancer | metastasis | angiogenesis | platelets | GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP | HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELL | LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR | MPL-DEFICIENT MICE | RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA | EPITHELIAL OVARIAN-CARCINOMA | METASTATIC MALIGNANT-MELANOMA | LUNG-CANCER | COLORECTAL-CANCER PATIENTS | ONCOLOGY | ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR | Blood Platelets - pathology | Neoplasm Metastasis | Neoplasms - blood | Platelet Count | Humans | Neovascularization, Pathologic | Neoplasms - blood supply | Neoplasms - pathology | Survival | Thrombocytosis - pathology | Medical prognosis | Rodents | Tumors
Journal Article
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, ISSN 0167-7659, 3/2011, Volume 30, Issue 1, pp. 141 - 151
In the past few years, cancer immunotherapies have produced promising results. Although traditionally considered unresponsive to immune therapy, increasing...
Oncology | Cancer Research | Tumor immunoserveillance | Biomedicine | Biomedicine general | Ovarian cancer | CARCINOMA-CELLS | ENDOTHELIN-B RECEPTOR | LYMPHOCYTE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-4 | DENDRITIC CELLS | PROGRAMMED DEATH-1 | INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES | INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE EXPRESSION | ONCOLOGY | RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-GAMMA | IN-VIVO | REGULATORY T-CELLS | Antigens, CD - immunology | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - immunology | Tumor Escape | Endothelial Cells - metabolism | Humans | Immune Tolerance | Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase - immunology | Immunologic Surveillance - immunology | Endothelial Cells - immunology | Tumor Microenvironment - immunology | Signal Transduction - immunology | Animals | Female | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor | Ovarian Neoplasms - immunology | Care and treatment | Immunotherapy | Oncology, Experimental | Development and progression | Research | Vascular endothelial growth factor | Cancer | Endothelium | Endothelin | Immune response | Effector cells | Data processing | Immunosurveillance | Immunological tolerance | Survival | Metastases | Angiogenesis | Reviews | Immunogenicity | Antitumor activity | Microenvironments | Tumors
Oncology | Cancer Research | Tumor immunoserveillance | Biomedicine | Biomedicine general | Ovarian cancer | CARCINOMA-CELLS | ENDOTHELIN-B RECEPTOR | LYMPHOCYTE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-4 | DENDRITIC CELLS | PROGRAMMED DEATH-1 | INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES | INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE EXPRESSION | ONCOLOGY | RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-GAMMA | IN-VIVO | REGULATORY T-CELLS | Antigens, CD - immunology | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - immunology | Tumor Escape | Endothelial Cells - metabolism | Humans | Immune Tolerance | Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase - immunology | Immunologic Surveillance - immunology | Endothelial Cells - immunology | Tumor Microenvironment - immunology | Signal Transduction - immunology | Animals | Female | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor | Ovarian Neoplasms - immunology | Care and treatment | Immunotherapy | Oncology, Experimental | Development and progression | Research | Vascular endothelial growth factor | Cancer | Endothelium | Endothelin | Immune response | Effector cells | Data processing | Immunosurveillance | Immunological tolerance | Survival | Metastases | Angiogenesis | Reviews | Immunogenicity | Antitumor activity | Microenvironments | Tumors
Journal Article
The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, ISSN 0147-5185, 09/2015, Volume 39, Issue 9, pp. 1197 - 1205
Ovarian small cell carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT)/ovarian rhabdoid tumor is a rare and highly malignant tumor that typically occurs in young...
Rhabdoid tumor | Ovary | INI1/SMARCB1 | SMARCA4/BRG1 | Small cell carcinoma hypercalcemic type | SURGERY | SMARCB1 | FUSION | NEOPLASMS | BRG1 | PATHOLOGY | small cell carcinoma hypercalcemic type | SMARCA4 | INI1 | ovary | SARCOMAS | rhabdoid tumor | MUTATIONS | Immunohistochemistry | Predictive Value of Tests | Carcinoma, Small Cell - genetics | Nuclear Proteins - analysis | Humans | Middle Aged | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Sarcoma, Ewing - pathology | Granulosa Cell Tumor - pathology | Rhabdoid Tumor - pathology | Bone Neoplasms - pathology | Ovarian Neoplasms - genetics | Young Adult | Carcinoma, Small Cell - chemistry | Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal - pathology | Soft Tissue Neoplasms - chemistry | Melanoma - genetics | Bone Neoplasms - chemistry | Adult | Female | Bone Neoplasms - genetics | Melanoma - chemistry | Soft Tissue Neoplasms - genetics | Hypercalcemia - genetics | Diagnosis, Differential | Ovarian Neoplasms - chemistry | Sarcoma, Ewing - chemistry | Hypercalcemia - pathology | Endometrial Neoplasms - chemistry | Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis | Rhabdoid Tumor - chemistry | Hypercalcemia - metabolism | Melanoma - pathology | Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal - chemistry | Rhabdoid Tumor - genetics | Biopsy | Adolescent | Soft Tissue Neoplasms - pathology | DNA Helicases - analysis | Endometrial Neoplasms - pathology | Granulosa Cell Tumor - chemistry | Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics | Transcription Factors - analysis | Carcinoma, Small Cell - pathology | Neoplasm Staging | Sarcoma, Ewing - genetics
Rhabdoid tumor | Ovary | INI1/SMARCB1 | SMARCA4/BRG1 | Small cell carcinoma hypercalcemic type | SURGERY | SMARCB1 | FUSION | NEOPLASMS | BRG1 | PATHOLOGY | small cell carcinoma hypercalcemic type | SMARCA4 | INI1 | ovary | SARCOMAS | rhabdoid tumor | MUTATIONS | Immunohistochemistry | Predictive Value of Tests | Carcinoma, Small Cell - genetics | Nuclear Proteins - analysis | Humans | Middle Aged | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Sarcoma, Ewing - pathology | Granulosa Cell Tumor - pathology | Rhabdoid Tumor - pathology | Bone Neoplasms - pathology | Ovarian Neoplasms - genetics | Young Adult | Carcinoma, Small Cell - chemistry | Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal - pathology | Soft Tissue Neoplasms - chemistry | Melanoma - genetics | Bone Neoplasms - chemistry | Adult | Female | Bone Neoplasms - genetics | Melanoma - chemistry | Soft Tissue Neoplasms - genetics | Hypercalcemia - genetics | Diagnosis, Differential | Ovarian Neoplasms - chemistry | Sarcoma, Ewing - chemistry | Hypercalcemia - pathology | Endometrial Neoplasms - chemistry | Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis | Rhabdoid Tumor - chemistry | Hypercalcemia - metabolism | Melanoma - pathology | Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal - chemistry | Rhabdoid Tumor - genetics | Biopsy | Adolescent | Soft Tissue Neoplasms - pathology | DNA Helicases - analysis | Endometrial Neoplasms - pathology | Granulosa Cell Tumor - chemistry | Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics | Transcription Factors - analysis | Carcinoma, Small Cell - pathology | Neoplasm Staging | Sarcoma, Ewing - genetics
Journal Article
The Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0022-1767, 03/2007, Volume 178, Issue 5, pp. 2883 - 2892
CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory (T-reg) cells were initially described for their ability to suppress autoimmune diseases in animal models. An emerging interest is...
INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION | LUNG-CANCER | GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA | DENDRITIC CELLS | AUTOIMMUNITY | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXP3 | IMMUNOLOGICAL SELF-TOLERANCE | PERIPHERAL-BLOOD | OVARIAN-CANCER | IMMUNOLOGY | LYMPHOCYTES | Transforming Growth Factor beta - immunology | Tumor Escape | Neoplasm Proteins - immunology | Male | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology | Culture Media, Conditioned | Animals | Cell Line, Tumor | Mice | Mice, Inbred BALB C | Cytokines - immunology | Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit - immunology
INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION | LUNG-CANCER | GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA | DENDRITIC CELLS | AUTOIMMUNITY | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXP3 | IMMUNOLOGICAL SELF-TOLERANCE | PERIPHERAL-BLOOD | OVARIAN-CANCER | IMMUNOLOGY | LYMPHOCYTES | Transforming Growth Factor beta - immunology | Tumor Escape | Neoplasm Proteins - immunology | Male | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology | Culture Media, Conditioned | Animals | Cell Line, Tumor | Mice | Mice, Inbred BALB C | Cytokines - immunology | Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit - immunology
Journal Article
The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, ISSN 0147-5185, 02/2017, Volume 41, Issue 6, pp. 725 - 737
Ovarian serous borderline tumors (SBTs) have been the subject of considerable controversy, particularly with regard to terminology and behavior. It has been...
micropapillary variant | SURVIVAL | SURGERY | POPULATION | MICROPAPILLARY PATTERN | PROGNOSIS | serous tumor of low malignant potential | FOLLOW-UP | serous borderline tumor | PATHOLOGY | noninvasive low-grade serous carcinoma | LYMPH-NODE INVOLVEMENT | OVARIAN-TUMORS | noninvasive micropapillary serous carcinoma | CRIBRIFORM PATTERNS | RECURRENCE | DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA | atypical proliferative serous tumor | Prognosis | Follow-Up Studies | Neoplasm Invasiveness | Humans | Middle Aged | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Proportional Hazards Models | Ovarian Neoplasms - mortality | Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - pathology | Young Adult | Cystadenoma, Serous - mortality | Neoplasm Grading | Adolescent | Aged, 80 and over | Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - mortality | Denmark | Adult | Female | Aged | Neoplasm Staging | Cystadenoma, Serous - pathology
micropapillary variant | SURVIVAL | SURGERY | POPULATION | MICROPAPILLARY PATTERN | PROGNOSIS | serous tumor of low malignant potential | FOLLOW-UP | serous borderline tumor | PATHOLOGY | noninvasive low-grade serous carcinoma | LYMPH-NODE INVOLVEMENT | OVARIAN-TUMORS | noninvasive micropapillary serous carcinoma | CRIBRIFORM PATTERNS | RECURRENCE | DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA | atypical proliferative serous tumor | Prognosis | Follow-Up Studies | Neoplasm Invasiveness | Humans | Middle Aged | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Proportional Hazards Models | Ovarian Neoplasms - mortality | Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - pathology | Young Adult | Cystadenoma, Serous - mortality | Neoplasm Grading | Adolescent | Aged, 80 and over | Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - mortality | Denmark | Adult | Female | Aged | Neoplasm Staging | Cystadenoma, Serous - pathology
Journal Article
American Journal of Surgical Pathology, ISSN 0147-5185, 06/2007, Volume 31, Issue 6, pp. 854 - 869
Most primary ovarian mucinous tumors are of surface epithelial-stromal origin and exhibit diffuse expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) combined with variable...
Immunohistochemistry | Mucinous tumor | Ovary | Teratoma | SURGERY | CYTOKERATIN-7 | CDX2 | COORDINATE EXPRESSION | INTESTINAL-TYPE | mucinous tumor | PATHOLOGY | EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS | ovary | PSEUDOMYXOMA-PERITONEI | DERMOID CYST | SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA | COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA | immunohistochemistry | teratoma | METASTATIC CARCINOMAS | Diagnosis, Differential | Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - metabolism | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous - pathology | Homeodomain Proteins - metabolism | Humans | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous - secondary | Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - pathology | Biomarkers, Tumor | Teratoma - metabolism | Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - pathology | Teratoma - pathology | Keratin-7 - metabolism | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous - metabolism | Female | Microfilament Proteins - metabolism | Ovarian Neoplasms - metabolism | Keratin-20 - metabolism | CDX2 Transcription Factor
Immunohistochemistry | Mucinous tumor | Ovary | Teratoma | SURGERY | CYTOKERATIN-7 | CDX2 | COORDINATE EXPRESSION | INTESTINAL-TYPE | mucinous tumor | PATHOLOGY | EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS | ovary | PSEUDOMYXOMA-PERITONEI | DERMOID CYST | SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA | COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA | immunohistochemistry | teratoma | METASTATIC CARCINOMAS | Diagnosis, Differential | Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - metabolism | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous - pathology | Homeodomain Proteins - metabolism | Humans | Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous - secondary | Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - pathology | Biomarkers, Tumor | Teratoma - metabolism | Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - pathology | Teratoma - pathology | Keratin-7 - metabolism | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous - metabolism | Female | Microfilament Proteins - metabolism | Ovarian Neoplasms - metabolism | Keratin-20 - metabolism | CDX2 Transcription Factor
Journal Article