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1. Full Text Sticky feet
: how labor market frictions shape the impact of international trade on jobs and wages
by Hollweg, Claire H and World Bank
2014, Directions in development. Trade, ISBN 1464802645, xiii, 104 pages
This report analyzes the paths by which developing country labor markets adjust to permanent trade-related shocks. Trade shocks can bring about reallocation of... 
Business cycles | Labor market | Labor mobility | Developing countries | Developing countries Commerce | Commerce | Wages | INFORMAL SECTOR | JOB SEPARATION | LABOR MARKETS | WAGE EFFECTS | BUSINESS CYCLE | DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS | INDUSTRY WAGE | GDP | CAPITAL INVESTMENT | LABOR SHARE | AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT | WAGE BILL | LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES | EMPLOYMENT | ECONOMIC GROWTH | JOB DISPLACEMENT | EMPLOYMENT LEVELS | LABOR ALLOCATIONS | DISPLACED WORKER | POLITICAL ECONOMY | WELL-FUNCTIONING LABOR MARKETS | AGRICULTURE | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | WORKERS | LAYOFFS | REAL WAGES | AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY | ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE | INTERNATIONAL TRADE | JOB SEARCH | TOTAL COSTS | PRODUCTION WORKERS | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | AVERAGE WAGE | INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GAP | ON-THE-JOB TRAINING | LABOR ADJUSTMENT COSTS | SEARCH COSTS | SEVERANCE PAY | LAID-OFF WORKERS | SOCIAL CAPITAL | WAGE DATA | LABOR MARKET IMPACT | ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS | INCOME | INDUSTRY WAGES | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | ACTIVE LABOR | FIRM SIZE | TRADE POLICY | RETRAINING PROGRAMS | EMPLOYMENT SHARE | PROFITABILITY | LOCAL GOVERNMENTS | FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | HOURS OF WORK | NEW ENTRANTS | PLANT CLOSURE | TRADE REFORMS | FINANCIAL CRISIS | LABOR ECONOMICS | TRADE LIBERALIZATION | EXOGENOUS SHOCK | FIRM ENTRY | JOBS | DISPLACED WORKERS | LEGAL STATUS | AGGREGATE GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | OCCUPATION | PRODUCTION FUNCTION | INTERNATIONAL MARKET | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | PURCHASING POWER | SAFETY NETS | ECONOMIC COSTS | FIRING COSTS | SERVICE SECTOR | SAFETY | EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS | GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM | WAGE INCREASE | WORKER | JOB CREATION | ANALYTICAL APPROACH | PASSIVE LABOR | LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS | PREVIOUS WAGE | NOMINAL WAGES | PRODUCTIVITY GAINS | TRADE POLICIES | ECONOMIC STABILITY | LABOUR MARKET REGULATIONS | WAGE SUBSIDIES | ACTIVE LABOR MARKET | LABOR REGULATIONS | LABOR ADJUSTMENT | WORKING | GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION | LABOR MOBILITY | EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES | INTERNATIONAL MARKETS | WAGE LEVEL | PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES | LABOR MARKET | LABOR POLICIES | ECONOMIC RESEARCH | WORK EXPERIENCE | CREATIVE DESTRUCTION | SOCIAL SAFETY NETS | FIRM DYNAMICS | PREVIOUS STUDIES | DISCOUNTED VALUE | LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS | PLANT CLOSURES | LABOUR MARKET | CRISES | OPEN ECONOMY | LABOR FORCE | ADJUSTMENT COST | EXPECTED WAGES | JOB SECURITY | ECONOMIC COOPERATION | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | LABOR REALLOCATION | REAL WAGE | INSURANCE | MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS | AVERAGE WAGES | ENTRY COSTS | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | LABOR COSTS | HUMAN CAPITAL | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | NET EMPLOYMENT | OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE | EMPLOYMENT INCREASES | REGRESSION ANALYSIS | ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICY | EQUILIBRIUM UNEMPLOYMENT | LABOR REGULATION | FACTOR DEMAND | UNEMPLOYMENT | MIGRATION | LABOR DEMAND | JOB TURNOVER | FINANCIAL CRISES | UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS | WAGE DIFFERENTIAL | PLANT CLOSING | CAPITAL MARKETS | EXPORT MARKETS | GDP PER CAPITA | LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT | ADJUSTMENT POLICIES | DEREGULATION | EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS | MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS | LABOR ALLOCATION | OPTIMIZATION | ECONOMIC SHOCKS | LABOUR
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2. Full Text Making work pay in Madagascar
: employment, growth, and poverty reduction
by Hoftijzer, Margo and Paci, Pierella, 1957 and World Bank
2008, Directions in development. Poverty, ISBN 0821375318, xiv, 139
Poor people derive most of their income from work -- however, there is insufficient understanding of the role of employment and earnings as a linkage between... 
Poverty | Labor productivity | Labor market | Wages | Madagascar | LABOR MARKETS | PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS | RURAL POVERTY RATE | URBAN POVERTY | EMPLOYMENT STATUS | NATIONAL POVERTY LINE | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | WORKING POOR | ECONOMIC GROWTH | URBAN DEVELOPMENT | EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES | PRIVATE SECTOR | EARNINGS | SOCIAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS | ACCESS TO EDUCATION | ELDERLY POPULATION | CONTRIBUTION | GENDER GAP | SAFETY NET | CALCULATION | AGRICULTURAL WORKERS | URBAN AREAS | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION | RATE OF GROWTH | WAGE EMPLOYMENT | VULNERABILITY | AID EFFECTIVENESS | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | INCIDENCE OF POVERTY | VALUABLE | AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT | EMPLOYMENT SHARE | LABOR MARKET INDICATORS | WORKING-AGE POPULATION | FAMILY LABOR | EARNINGS INEQUALITY | HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION | POVERTY DATA | WORKING ADULTS | LOCAL CURRENCY | POPULATION GROWTH | HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION | DRIVERS | FORMAL EDUCATION | TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY | CONTRIBUTIONS | ADULT WORKERS | RURAL | JOBS | RURAL AREA | AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | PRIMARY EDUCATION | DEPRECIATION | EMPLOYMENT GENERATION | SELF-EMPLOYMENT | CONSTANT PRICES | LIVING STANDARDS | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | INCREASE IN INCOME | PACE OF URBANIZATION | RURAL POVERTY | UNSKILLED LABOR | DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES | AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION | JOB CREATION | POVERTY IMPACT | ADULT POPULATION | PREVIOUS LEVEL | JOBLESS GROWTH | POVERTY IMPACT OF GROWTH | POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY | WORKING CHILDREN | POPULATION CENSUS | DOWNWARD BIAS | EQUAL ACCESS | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | PRODUCTIVE SECTOR | PUBLIC INVESTMENTS | RURAL POVERTY RATES | HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES | JOB SECURITY | WAGES | POOR HOUSEHOLDS | ASSESSING LABOR MARKET | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | RURAL AREAS | LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | RURAL INHABITANTS | URBANIZATION | LABOR COSTS | ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT | RURAL POPULATION | DAILY WAGE | PROGRESS | SECONDARY EDUCATION | URBAN POPULATION | LIVING STANDARD | NET EMPLOYMENT | AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS | LABOR STANDARDS | PACE OF POPULATION GROWTH | SALARIED EMPLOYMENT | MIGRATION | DEPENDENCY RATIO | SKILLED WORKERS | WORKING POPULATION | RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE | SUBSISTENCE FARMERS | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | DEVELOPMENT PLANS | SAVINGS | EMPLOYMENT RATES | INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION | INCOME GROWTH | POPULATION ESTIMATES | INFORMAL SECTOR | MARKET FAILURES | MIGRANT | WAGE | CHILD LABOR | LABOR MARKET FUNCTIONS | RURAL URBAN POVERTY | REMITTANCES | WAGE PREMIUM | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | POVERTY LEVEL | PENSION | PRIMARY SCHOOLING | EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE | LOW-INCOME COUNTRY | EMPLOYMENT | IMPACT ON POVERTY | WORKFORCE | WORKERS | DISSEMINATION | AGRICULTURAL SECTOR | CONSUMER | EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE | POPULATION GROWTH RATE | INCOME SOURCE | LOW EARNINGS | SALARIED WORKERS | UNEMPLOYED | RURAL HOUSEHOLDS | RURAL WORKERS | EARNING | URBAN EMPLOYMENT | INCOME PROFILE | EMPLOYMENT CREATION | LABORERS | PUBLIC WORKS | AGRICULTURAL GROWTH | ELDERLY | INCOME LEVELS | PROBABILITY | INFLATION | POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER | LEGAL STATUS | LEVEL OF EDUCATION | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | LOW-INCOME | UNSKILLED WORKERS | WORKER | COMPARABILITY ISSUES | LEVELS OF EDUCATION | LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS | POPULATION GROUPS | LIFE EXPECTANCY | LIVING CONDITIONS | DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION | LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES | LARGE CITIES | CASH PAYMENTS | FOOD PROCESSING | POVERTY REDUCTION | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE | POPULATION DATA | HOUSEHOLD INCOME | GENDER EQUALITY | SOCIAL PROTECTION | LABOR FORCE | NATIONAL POVERTY | SOCIAL SECURITY | UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | EMPLOYMENT RATE | RURAL POOR | URBAN CENTERS | PRODUCTIVITY DATA | LABOR ORGANIZATION | NUMBER OF CHILDREN | RURAL EMPLOYMENT | SECOND JOB | UNEMPLOYMENT | CURRENT PRICES | FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT | HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS | NUMBER OF PEOPLE | NUMBER OF WORKERS | LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS | OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT | PERMANENT JOB | QUESTIONNAIRES | HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE
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3. Full Text Armenia : Promoting Productive Employment
by World Bank
09/2012
This paper examines labor market outcomes in Armenia and their impact on poverty. The outcomes are of considerable concern: relatively few persons of working... 
PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE | EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS | SKILL SHORTAGES | LABOR MARKET DYNAMICS | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | URBAN WORKERS | OLDER WORKERS | HOUSEHOLD WORK | SHORT-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT | YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | HUMAN DEVELOPMENT | TRANSITION ECONOMIES | MARKET ECONOMY | WAGE GROWTH | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | WORKING POOR | ECONOMIC GROWTH | LAYOFF | PRIVATE SECTOR | UNIVERSITY DEGREE | PAYING JOBS | JOB INSECURITY | URBAN AREAS | INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT | WAGE EMPLOYMENT | SEX | PRODUCTIVE INDUSTRIES | JOB OPPORTUNITIES | LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT | PERMANENT JOBS | REGULAR EMPLOYMENT | AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY | ACCOUNTABILITY | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT OFFICE | INCIDENCE OF POVERTY | RURAL YOUTH | EARNINGS INEQUALITY | CHOICE OF OCCUPATION | FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | FORMAL LABOR MARKET | TECHNICAL EDUCATION | PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS | FIRM ENTRY | JOBS | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | OCCUPATION | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | FINANCIAL SERVICES | YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT | SKILLS DEVELOPMENT | PRIMARY EDUCATION | ADB | PAID WORKER | ECONOMIC CONDITIONS | FIRING COSTS | UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM | SKILL REQUIREMENTS | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | RURAL POVERTY | EMPLOYEE BENEFITS | EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK | JOB CREATION | DISCRIMINATION | HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT | FAMILY MEMBERS | EDUCATED WORKFORCE | PRODUCTIVITY GAINS | QUALITY SERVICES | TEMPORARY JOBS | MARKET VALUE | SICK LEAVE | UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | PREVIOUS WORK | MARKET ENTRY | QUALITY OF EDUCATION | JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE | QUALITY ASSURANCE | LABOR SUPPLY | RURAL AREAS | JOB PLACEMENT | LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE | WAGE DISTRIBUTION | PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT | PROGRESS | SECONDARY EDUCATION | UNIVERSITY GRADUATES | PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS | WAGE INEQUALITY | EXPECTED WAGE | WAGE DIFFERENTIAL | SKILLED WORKERS | WAGE DISPERSION | YOUNG WORKERS | SERVICE SECTORS | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | YOUNG PEOPLE | YOUTH EMPLOYMENT | HEALTH CARE | INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION | TAX ADMINISTRATION | INFORMAL SECTOR | MODERNIZATION | TERTIARY EDUCATION | WAGE PREMIUM | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | POLICY IMPLICATIONS | DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS | UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS | INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | LABOR MARKET ISSUES | EMPLOYABILITY | FEMALE EMPLOYMENT | JOB PLACEMENT SERVICES | WORKERS | REAL WAGES | LABOR MARKET NEEDS | WAGE STRUCTURE | PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES | JOB SEARCH | JOB COUNSELING | PUBLIC SECTOR WORKER | AVERAGE WAGE | PRODUCT MARKET | WAGE GAP | UNEMPLOYED | ANNUAL LEAVE | NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS | EMPLOYMENT OFFICES | RURAL WORKERS | EARNING | URBAN EMPLOYMENT | VOCATIONAL TRAINING | EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION | EDUCATION SECTOR | FIRM GROWTH | QUALITY EDUCATION | PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT | YOUNG WOMEN | INCOME | INDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING | WORKFORCE SKILLS | WAGE DETERMINATION | EMPLOYEE | JOB LOSS | TOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT | LOW EMPLOYMENT | SOCIAL SERVICES | DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN | NUMBER OF PERSONS | CAPACITY BUILDING | WORKER | GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS | RESPECT | UNEMPLOYED PERSON | LABOR RESOURCES | UNIVERSITY EDUCATION | PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS | ACCOUNTING | EDUCATIONAL LEVELS | LIVING CONDITIONS | HOUSEHOLD EARNING | LABOR REGULATIONS | LABOR MOBILITY | PUBLIC SERVICES | EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES | SKILLED WORKFORCE | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | TRADE UNIONS | EARNINGS REGRESSIONS | LABOUR MARKET | LABOR FORCE | SOCIAL SECURITY | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | EMPLOYMENT RATE | REAL WAGE | INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION | LABOR COST | PAID WORKERS | PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT | SOCIAL WELFARE | HIGH WAGES | HUMAN CAPITAL | TRANSPORT | LABOR ORGANIZATION | ACCESS TO INFORMATION | TECHNICAL SKILLS | EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM | UNEMPLOYMENT | HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY | JOB VACANCIES | FORMAL SECTOR WAGE | LABOR DEMAND | NUMBER OF PEOPLE | OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT | HIGH WAGE | INDIVIDUAL WELFARE | PRIME AGE | SPOUSES | LABOUR | SKILL LEVEL
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4. Full Text Cape Verde : Initial Assessment of the Formal Labor Market
by World Bank
12/2010
In the last 25 years, Cape Verde has made impressive progress in their historical transition from a centrally planned to market economy. Building the... 
PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE | BASE YEAR | WAGE LEVELS | OLDER WORKERS | JOB DESTRUCTION RATE | ECONOMIC OUTCOMES | PRIVATE SECTOR WORKER | MINIMUM WAGE | MARKET ECONOMY | SKILLED LABOR | WAGE GROWTH | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | ECONOMETRIC MODELS | ECONOMIC GROWTH | PRIVATE SECTOR WAGES | BASIC EDUCATION | PRIVATE SECTOR | WAGE RATE | OLDER AGE GROUPS | FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES | URBAN AREAS | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | LABOR MARKET RIGIDITY | UNEMPLOYED PERSONS | MARRIED MEN | RATE OF GROWTH | LABOR LAW | VULNERABILITY | JOB OPPORTUNITIES | LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT | JOB MARKET | PRIVATE SECTORS | AGE GROUP | DEVALUATION | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY | POPULATION GROWTH | UNEMPLOYED WORKERS | NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT | FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | WORKERS EXPERIENCE | FORMAL LABOR MARKET | MIGRANT WORKERS | PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS | FIRM ENTRY | JOBS | REGIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | COLLEGE EDUCATION | EMPLOYMENT GENERATION | ECONOMIC CONDITIONS | JOB OFFERS | WAGE FLOOR | LABOR COMPENSATION | PUBLIC SECTOR JOB | STATISTICAL ANALYSIS | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | DEPENDANTS | JOB CREATION | HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT | JOB DESTRUCTION | FAMILY MEMBERS | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | PREVIOUS WORK | ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE | LABOR MOVEMENT | LACK OF KNOWLEDGE | VALUE ADDED | SPOUSE | MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES | JOB SECURITY | ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES | LABOR SUPPLY | REAL GDP | AVERAGE WAGES | ILLNESS | RURAL AREAS | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE | WAGE DISTRIBUTION | PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | PROGRESS | SECONDARY EDUCATION | URBAN POPULATION | NET EMPLOYMENT | PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS | PENSIONS | MIGRATION | FIRM LEVEL | UNEMPLOYED WORKER | SKILLED WORKERS | INDEXATION | GDP PER CAPITA | WORKER PRODUCTIVITY | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | YOUNG PEOPLE | HEALTH CARE | INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION | COMPETITIVENESS | INFORMAL SECTOR | MIGRANT | EMPLOYMENT INCREASE | CREATING JOBS | REMITTANCES | WAGE PREMIUM | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | CITIZENS | INCOME SUPPORT | GDP | LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES | EMPLOYMENT | AGRICULTURE | WORKERS | REAL WAGES | INTERNATIONAL TRADE | TOTAL WORKERS | BENCHMARK | PUBLIC SECTOR WORKER | POLITICAL SUPPORT | POPULATION GROWTH RATE | AVERAGE WAGE | YOUNGER WORKERS | FOOD SECURITY | UNEMPLOYED | NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS | LABOR CONTRACT | EARNING | INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT | AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY | RIGID LABOR MARKETS | MIGRANTS | EMPLOYMENT CREATION | ECONOMIC THEORY | IMPORTANT POLICY | REAL INCOME | WAGE DETERMINATION | EMPLOYEE | PERSISTENT DISPARITIES | FINANCIAL CRISIS | WAGE RATES | NATIONAL ECONOMY | FAMILY SUPPORT | LEVEL OF EDUCATION | PRIVATE FIRMS | EMPLOYMENT TRENDS | PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS | NET JOB CREATION | UNSKILLED WORKERS | WORKER | WORKER HETEROGENEITY | PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS | RESPECT | IMMIGRATION | ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE | GINI COEFFICIENT | LABOR REGULATIONS | PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT | PRESENTED EVIDENCE | LABOR MOBILITY | PERFECT COMPETITION | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | HOUSEHOLD INCOME | LOCAL LABOR MARKET | SOCIAL PROTECTION | LABOR FORCE | SOCIAL SECURITY | REAL WAGE | RETENTION RATES | BARGAINING | HIGH WAGES | HUMAN CAPITAL | ELASTICITY | PRODUCTIVITY DATA | BARGAINING POWER | LABOR ORGANIZATION | RURAL EMPLOYMENT | EARNINGS ABILITY | NATURAL RESOURCES | REGRESSION ANALYSIS | AGE GROUPS | SEVERANCE PAYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT | ENTRY RATE | FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT | LABOR DEMAND | NUMBER OF WORKERS | INFORMAL ECONOMIES | LABOR CODE | FUTURE STUDIES | HIGH WAGE | PRIVATE SECTOR JOB | REMITTANCE | ECONOMIC INTEGRATION | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATES | NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
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5. Full Text Migration, Trade, and Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico
by Patricio Aroca and William F. Maloney
World Bank Economic Review, ISSN 0258-6770, 1/2005, Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 449 - 472
Part of the rationale for the North American Free Trade Agreement was that it would increase trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, creating jobs and... 
Latin American literature | Trade | Cost of living | World Bank | Labor migration | Labor markets | Transportation costs | Unemployment | Human migration | Financial investments | MIGRANT | WAGE EFFECT | CREATING JOBS | LABOR MARKETS | FISCAL POLICY | HOSPITAL BEDS | DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS | OPPORTUNITY COSTS | GDP | ECONOMIC ANALYSIS | NURSES | POLICY ANALYSIS | WAGE GROWTH | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | EMPLOYMENT LEVELS | POLITICAL ECONOMY | CENSUS OF POPULATION | SUBSTITUTION EFFECT | HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE | UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS | WAGE RATE | PURCHASING POWER PARITY | UTILITY THEORY | HUMAN RESOURCES | MIGRATION DATA | INTERNATIONAL TRADE | JOB SEARCH | CENTRAL BANK | FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES | URBAN AREAS | MORTALITY | LIQUIDITY | UNEMPLOYED | YOUNG MEN | EARNING | URBAN EMPLOYMENT | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | LABOR MARKET IMPACT | INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE | LABOR MIGRATION | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | LABOR STATISTICS | MIGRANTS | ARBITRAGE | IMMIGRATION REFORM | INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION | TRADE FLOWS | TRANSPORTATION | SECONDARY SCHOOLS | URBAN EMPLOYMENT SURVEY | TRADE LIBERALIZATION | UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRATION | PER CAPITA INCOME | UTILITY FUNCTION | INNOVATIONS | PURCHASING POWER | UNSKILLED WORKERS | WORKER | EXCESS SUPPLY | RESPECT | IMMIGRATION | MIGRATION FLOWS | LABOR MARKET VARIABLES | NOMINAL WAGES | RENTS | EQUILIBRIUM WAGES | INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW | RETIREMENT | ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION | SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS | WAGE LEVEL | CULTURAL CHANGE | LABOR MARKET | ECONOMIC RESEARCH | FREE TRADE | FUTURE GROWTH | HOSPITAL | HOUSEHOLD INCOME | LOCAL LABOR MARKET | PREVIOUS STUDIES | VALUE ADDED | SPOUSE | LABOR FORCE | SOCIAL SECURITY | EXPECTED WAGES | WAGES | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION | INTERNAL MIGRATION | LABOR SUPPLY | REAL WAGE | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | LDCS | WEALTH | ELASTICITY | EXTERNALITIES | TRANSPORT | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | BULLETIN | HOUSING | SPILLOVER | EXPORTS | IMPERFECT COMPETITION | QUALITY OF LIFE | COST OF LIVING | UNEMPLOYMENT | STATE UNIVERSITY | MIGRATION | MUNICIPALITIES | FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT | SKILLED WORKERS | ECONOMETRICS | ECONOMICS OF IMMIGRATION | GDP PER CAPITA | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | INCREASING RETURNS | LABOUR FORCE | ECONOMIC INTEGRATION | POLICY RESEARCH | SAVINGS | LABOUR | UNITED-STATES | BUSINESS, FINANCE | US MIGRATION | POLICY | BORDER | SEARCH | MARKETS | ECONOMICS | PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT
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6. Full Text Has NAFTA Increased Labor Market Integration between the United States and Mexico?
by Raymond Robertson
World Bank Economic Review, ISSN 0258-6770, 1/2005, Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 425 - 448
This article analyzes three criteria for labor market integration between Mexico and the United States before and since the North American Free Trade... 
Economic trends | Trade | Relative wages | World Bank | Employment | International borders | Labor markets | Cities | Wages | Proxy reporting | LABOR MARKETS | MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES | GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM | GLOBALIZATION | LIVING STANDARDS | ECONOMIC HISTORY | WORKER | DEBT | DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS | BASE YEAR | PRICE INDICES | GDP | RETAIL TRADE | INTERMEDIATE GOODS | ECONOMIC RISK | PRICE CHANGES | EQUILIBRIUM WAGES | LABOR ADJUSTMENT | POLITICAL ECONOMY | DEBT CRISIS | LABOR MOBILITY | REAL WAGES | GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS | CONSUMER PRICE | FACTOR PRICE | LABOR MARKET | ECONOMIC RESEARCH | FREE TRADE | ESTIMATED PARAMETERS | COMMODITY PRICE | DEMAND CURVE | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | LABOUR MARKET | AVERAGE WAGE | LABOR FORCE | WAGE EQUALIZATION | WAGE GAP | LABOR ADJUSTMENT COSTS | WAGES | LABOR SUPPLY | ADVERSE EFFECT | REAL WAGE | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | AVERAGE WAGES | NAFTA | PREVIOUS SECTION | URBAN EMPLOYMENT | WAGE DATA | INCOME INEQUALITY | ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS | AGE GROUP | INCOME | LABOR MIGRATION | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | EXCHANGE RATES | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | EXPORTS | AGE GROUPS | WAGE INEQUALITY | RETAIL | COMMERCE | LABOR DEMAND | POSITIVE EFFECTS | WAGE DIFFERENTIAL | SKILLED WORKERS | MARKET INTEGRATION | CAPITAL FLOWS | LABOR ECONOMICS | ECONOMETRICS | GROWTH RATE | GDP PER CAPITA | TRADE LIBERALIZATION | ECONOMIC INTEGRATION | JOBS | INFLATION | LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT | PRODUCTIVITY | ECONOMICS | LABOUR | TRADE | ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION | INEQUALITY | RELATIVE WAGES | FACTOR-PRICE CONVERGENCE | SHOCKS | PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT | BUSINESS, FINANCE | BORDER | ENFORCEMENT
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7. Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook
01/1986, ISBN 9781463989408
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8. Full Text Skills Needs of the Private Sector in Botswana
by World Bank
2014
Human development is one of the pillars of Botswana's Country Partnership Strategy with the World Bank (2009-13). The Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) is in... 
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT | PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE | LABOR MARKETS | SKILL SHORTAGES | TERTIARY EDUCATION | EDUCATION SYSTEM | PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS | RATES OF RETURN | WAGE PREMIUM | OLDER WORKERS | RETAIL TRADE | TRAINING PROVIDER | EMPLOYABILITY | SKILLS REQUIREMENTS | CLERKS | HUMAN DEVELOPMENT | TRAINING PROGRAM | EMPLOYMENT | SKILLED LABOR | WAGE GROWTH | DIPLOMAS | ETHICS | EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS | JOB PLACEMENT SERVICES | MOBILITY | WORKERS | BASIC EDUCATION | PRIVATE SECTOR | HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION | EARLY CHILDHOOD | LABOR LAWS | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT | VOCATIONAL EDUCATION | PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP | ON-THE-JOB TRAINING | CURRICULA | UNEMPLOYED | TECHNICAL TRAINING | COMPLETION RATES | BASIC KNOWLEDGE | VOCATIONAL TRAINING | WAGE PREMIUMS | FIRM GROWTH | QUALITY EDUCATION | STUDENT PLACEMENT | AGE GROUP | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | ACTIVE LABOR | FIRM SIZE | LITERACY | PAPERS | NUMERACY | HUMAN RESOURCE | LEARNING | TRAINING INSTITUTIONS | JUNIOR CERTIFICATE | EMPLOYEE | SKILLED OCCUPATIONS | TRAINING PROGRAMS | PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS | FORMAL LABOR MARKET | UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL | EMPLOYMENT SERVICES | TECHNICAL EDUCATION | OCCUPATIONS | SCHOOL CHILDREN | CLERICAL WORKERS | JOB EXPERIENCE | JOBS | CONTINUOUS LEARNING | PROBLEM SOLVING | INNOVATIVE APPROACHES | JOB TENURE | OCCUPATION | LEVEL OF EDUCATION | GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION | PRIVATE FIRMS | SKILLS DEVELOPMENT | PRIMARY EDUCATION | HIGHER EDUCATION | ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS | EDUCATION LEVEL | WORKER | INTERNSHIPS | COMPLETION RATE | INTERVENTIONS | PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVELS | RATES OF RETURN TO EDUCATION | ENROLLMENT RATE | WAGE GAIN | VOCATIONAL SKILLS | EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS | EDUCATIONAL LEVELS | LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION | ACTIVE LABOR MARKET | LABOR REGULATIONS | PRIVATE TRAINING | ELEMENTARY SCHOOL | SKILLED WORKER | SOCIAL SKILLS | UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION | LABOR MARKET | SKILLED WORKFORCE | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | PREVIOUS WORK | RETURNS TO EDUCATION | WORK EXPERIENCE | BASIC LITERACY | YOUTH | EMPLOYMENT POLICY | FOREIGN WORKERS | PRIMARY SCHOOL | LABOR FORCE | QUALITY OF EDUCATION | SCHOOL LEVELS | UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | GENERAL EDUCATION | SKILLS TRAINING | HIGH WAGE PREMIUM | JOB PLACEMENT | APTITUDES | HUMAN CAPITAL | MATHEMATICS | PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS | ENROLLMENT | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | SECONDARY EDUCATION | YOUTH TRAINING | TRAINING COURSES | UNEMPLOYMENT | EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS | JOB VACANCIES | TRAINING INSTITUTES | YOUTH TRAINING PROGRAMS | SKILLED WORKERS | YOUNG WORKERS | STUDENT LEARNING | HIGH WAGE | COMPUTER SKILLS | YOUTH EMPLOYMENT | EDUCATION CYCLE | LABOUR
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9. Full Text Labor Market Adjustment, Reform and Productivity in Colombia : What are the Factors that Matter? Volume 2 : Technical Report
by World Bank
11/2005
This report carries out a detailed evaluation of the 2002 labor reform in Colombia, and in doing so, it also assesses the performance of the Colombian urban... 
LABOR MARKETS | LABOR LEGISLATION | BUSINESS CYCLE | EXPENDITURE | MARKET DISTORTIONS | MONETARY POLICY | WAGE LEVELS | GDP | MINIMUM WAGE | EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GROWTH | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | ECONOMIC GROWTH | ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS | WORKERS | SERVICES MARKETS | REAL WAGES | DECENTRALIZATION | CENTRAL BANK | FINANCIAL SECTOR | AVERAGE WAGE | LABOR MARKET INTERVENTIONS | PRODUCTION SIDE | EMPLOYMENT LEVEL | SALARIED WORKERS | EQUATIONS | EARNING | PREVIOUS SECTION | URBAN EMPLOYMENT | CAPITAL MARKET | MARKET EQUILIBRIUM | PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT CREATION | LABOR MARKET INDICATORS | PAYROLL TAXES | WORLD MARKETS | COMMERCE | UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL | GROWTH RATE | OCCUPATIONS | JOBS | INFLATION | OCCUPATION | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | EMPLOYMENT GENERATION | SAFETY NETS | RECESSION | UNEMPLOYMENT DECLINES | WAGE INCREASE | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | WORKER | INFLATION RATES | PARTICIPATION | EDUCATIONAL LEVELS | LABOR REGULATIONS | JOB SEEKERS | PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | MINIMUM WAGES | ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE | HOUSEHOLD INCOME | GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT | LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS | PRIMARY SCHOOL | LABOR FORCE | SOCIAL SECURITY | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | LABOR SUPPLY | REAL GDP | LABOR FORCE GROWTH | REAL WAGE | AVERAGE WAGES | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | LABOR COSTS | HUMAN CAPITAL | WAGE DISTRIBUTION | NON-WAGE COSTS | EXPENDITURES | SALARIED EMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT | WAGE INEQUALITY | WAGE POLICIES | PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS | RETAIL | LABOR DEMAND | LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS | SKILLED WORKERS | YOUNG WORKERS | VIOLENCE | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT | YOUNG PEOPLE | DEREGULATION | MARKET ANALYSES | PRODUCTIVITY
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10. Full Text South Africa Economic Update, August 2015 : Jobs and South Africa’s Changing Demographics
by World Bank
08/2015, South Africa economic update,issue no. 7
Global growth hit a soft patch at the start of 2015. In the first quarter it slowed to 2.0 percent, quarter on quarter (q/q) annualized, from 2.3 percent in... 
COMPETITIVENESS | PRIVATE SERVICES | CREATING JOBS | LABOR MARKETS | FISCAL POLICY | LABOR–MARKET REGULATIONS | PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGENCE | BUSINESS CYCLE | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | MONETARY POLICY | GDP | RETAIL TRADE | INCOME DISTRIBUTION | WAGE BILL | CLERKS | PRIVATE ENTERPRISE | EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GROWTH | SKILLED LABOR | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | ECONOMIC GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT LEVELS | WORKERS | PRIVATE SECTOR | ECONOMIC OUTLOOK | EMPLOYEES | TROUGH | AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | AVERAGE WAGE | AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT | VOCATIONAL EDUCATION | DOMESTIC WORKERS | FEMALE LABOR | FEMALE LABOR FORCE | UNEMPLOYED | JOBS CREATION | MARKETS | PREVIOUS SECTION | VOCATIONAL TRAINING | INCOME INEQUALITY | PRIVATE SECTORS | INCOME | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | LABOR INTENSITY | LABOR MARKET INDICATORS | LABOR | PUBLIC WORKS | HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION | PRICES | EXPECTED UNEMPLOYMENT | LABOR–MARKET | TRAINING PROGRAMS | INFORMAL ECONOMY | SKILLED OCCUPATIONS | DRIVERS | HEALTH INSURANCE | TRAINING SYSTEM | AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | OCCUPATIONS | JOBS | INFLATION | HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISES | SMALL BUSINESSES | AGGREGATE GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT | SKILLS DEVELOPMENT | INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS | TRADE | SERVICE SECTOR | LIVING STANDARDS | WAGE INCREASE | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | WORKER | UNSKILLED WORKERS | DEBT | UNSKILLED LABOR | LABOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT | TRENDS | JOB CREATION | HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT | SKILL PREMIUM | SUPPLY | ECONOMIC SITUATION | JOB | PRODUCTIVITY GAINS | LIFE EXPECTANCY | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH RATE | EDUCATIONAL LEVELS | PUBLIC SERVICES | JOB LOSSES | SKILLED WORKER | EMPLOYMENT IMPACT | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | DEMAND | UNEMPLOYMENT INCREASE | WORK EXPERIENCE | MACROECONOMICS | LABOR FORCE | CONSUMPTION | RISKS | EMPLOYMENT RATE | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | LABOR SUPPLY | REAL WAGE | UNION ACTIVITY | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | HUMAN CAPITAL | LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE | AGGREGATE DEMAND | PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS | EXPORTS | UNEMPLOYMENT | PRODUCTION | MANAGEMENT | HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS | LABOR DEMAND | LABOR RELATIONS | SKILLED WORKERS | RISING UNEMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | LABOUR FORCE | DEVELOPMENT | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATES | PRODUCTIVITY | PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT | LABOUR | CAPITAL | ECONOMY
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11. Full Text Can Minimum Wages Close the Gender Wage Gap? : Evidence from Indonesia
by Hallward-Driemeier, Mary and Rijkers, Bob and Waxman, Andrew
07/2015, Policy Research Working Paper, Volume 7364
Using manufacturing plant-level census data, this paper demonstrates that minimum wage increases in Indonesia reduced gender wage gaps among production... 
INFORMAL SECTOR | WAGE EFFECT | STD | EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS | LABOR MARKETS | PLANT’ PRODUCTIVITY | GENDER DIFFERENCES | INEQUALITY | WAGE EFFECTS | DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS | WHITE COLLAR WORKERS | ECONOMIC ANALYSIS | WAGE BILL | MALE WORKERS | PRODUCTION WORKER | MINIMUM WAGE | EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GROWTH | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | POLITICAL ECONOMY | WORKERS | REAL WAGES | PRIOR WORK EXPERIENCE | HUMAN RESOURCES | LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS | WOMEN | GENDER GAP | GENDER IMPACT | EMPLOYEES | PRODUCTION WORKERS | INVESTMENT | AVERAGE WAGE | WAGE GAP | ON-THE-JOB TRAINING | WAGE EMPLOYMENT | MARKETS | INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS | WAGE DATA | EARNING | FEMALE WORKERS | EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS | INCOME | PRODUCTION PROCESS | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | PRODUCTION PROCESSES | FIRM SIZE | EMPLOYMENT IMPACTS | LABOR | OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN | EMPLOYEE | FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY | POLICIES | LABOR ECONOMICS | TRAINING | OCCUPATIONS | JOBS | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | OCCUPATION | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | OUTCOMES | PRIMARY EDUCATION | FOREIGN-OWNED FIRMS | GENDER WAGE GAPS | LAW | WAGE INCREASE | OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE | WORKER | VALUE | UNSKILLED WORKERS | TOTAL WAGE | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN | WAGE NEGOTIATIONS | GENDER COMPOSITION | DISCRIMINATION | ORGANIZATIONS | SUPPLY | JOB | GENDER MAINSTREAMING | EFFECTS | GENDER GAPS | WHO | WAGE DISCRIMINATION | PRODUCTIVE FIRMS | INFORMATION | WAGE INCREASES | WAGE LEVEL | LABOR MARKET | WAGE COMPRESSION | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | EARNINGS REGRESSIONS | MINIMUM WAGES | WORK EXPERIENCE | CREATIVE DESTRUCTION | PREVIOUS STUDIES | LOCAL LABOR MARKET | PRIMARY SCHOOL | CRISES | LABOR FORCE | WAGES | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | WAGE GAINS | PROPORTION OF WOMEN | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | AVERAGE WAGES | PAID WORKERS | BARGAINING | HUMAN CAPITAL | WAGE DISTRIBUTION | BARGAINING POWER | SEX DIFFERENCES | LABOR ORGANIZATION | FOREIGN OWNERSHIP | GENDER | UNEMPLOYMENT | PRODUCTION | WAGE INEQUALITY | FIRM LEVEL | JOB TRAINING | LABOR RELATIONS | LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS | SKILLED WORKERS | LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS | WAGE DISPERSION | PRODUCTIVITY | WAGE POLICY | ECONOMICS | FIRM PRODUCTIVITY | LABOR MARKET DISCRIMINATION | LABOUR | ECONOMIC SHOCKS
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12. Full Text Federative Republic of Brazil - Social Insurance and Labor Supply : Assessing Incentives and Redistribution
by World Bank
12/2009
This technical report analyzes the potential effects of the pensions and income protection systems on labor supply decisions and through this channel the... 
IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES | IMPLICIT SUBSIDY | LABOR MARKETS | MANDATORY SYSTEM | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | IMPLICIT INTEREST | OLDER WORKERS | SOCIAL PENSIONS | HUMAN DEVELOPMENT | MINIMUM WAGE | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | LABOR MARKET SEGMENTATION | EMPLOYMENT LEVELS | RETIREMENT DECISIONS | INTEREST RATES | SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS | PRIVATE SECTOR | AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY | REAL INTEREST RATE | SMALL BUSINESS | FULL-CAREER WORKERS | SAFETY NET | BENEFIT FORMULA | OLD-AGE PENSIONS | CONTRIBUTION RATE | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT | DISCOUNT RATE | WAGE PREMIUMS | AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | JOB DESTRUCTION RATES | SERVANTS | TRANSITION COUNTRIES | ACTIVE LABOR | RETIREMENT AGE | CREDIT CONSTRAINTS | TURNOVER | UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM | RETIREMENT DECISION | PENSION WEALTH | FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | MANDATORY SCHEMES | PENSION SYSTEM | FUNDED SYSTEMS | HEALTH INSURANCE | FINDING JOBS | GROWTH RATE | JOBS | UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCE | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | OCCUPATION | MARGINAL COST | EMPLOYMENT GENERATION | REAL INTEREST | SELF-EMPLOYMENT | GROSS REPLACEMENT RATE | PRODUCTION UNITS | RISK POOLING | JOB SEARCH PROCESS | INCOME TAX | HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT | JOB DESTRUCTION | PUBLIC TRAINING PROGRAMS | DEFINED BENEFIT | RATE OF RETURN | UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE | FISCAL BURDEN | LIFE EXPECTANCIES | OUTPUT | RETIREMENT | CONTRIBUTION PERIOD | SELF EMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION | FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY | SELF EMPLOYED | UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING | HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | LABOR INPUT | IMPLICIT TAX | JOB SECURITY | LABOR SUPPLY | AVERAGE WAGES | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | LABOR COSTS | SOCIAL INSURANCE | EXPENDITURES | PRESENT VALUE | EMPLOYMENT INCREASES | PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS | PAY-AS-YOU-GO SYSTEM | PENSIONS | PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS | PENSION SYSTEMS | UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS | YOUNG WORKERS | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | SOCIAL ASSISTANCE | RESERVES | INFORMAL SECTOR | SAVINGS CAPACITY | WAGE PREMIUM | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | DEPOSIT | PENSION | EXPENDITURE | UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS | INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS | GUARANTEE FUND | WAGE BILL | SOCIAL BENEFITS | DISABILITY PENSIONS | UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES | MALE WORKERS | BANK ACCOUNT | WORKERS | REAL WAGES | INCOME REDISTRIBUTION | JOB SEARCH | SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM | INFLATION RATE | AVERAGE WAGE | SEVERANCE PAY | UNEMPLOYED | INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN | RURAL WORKERS | EARNING | PREVIOUS SECTION | INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSFERS | BENEFIT FORMULAS | INCOME | INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS | EARLY RETIREMENT | ANNUITY | INCOMES | GROSS WAGE | PAYROLL TAXES | UNEMPLOYMENT SPELL | EMPLOYEE | RETURNS | ELDERLY | MATERNITY BENEFITS | REFORM PROGRAMS | INFORMAL SECTORS | FUTURE PENSION | INCOME LEVELS | INFLATION | LABOR INCOME | IMPLICIT TAXES | RETIREMENT AGES | ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY | PENSION BENEFITS | SAVINGS ACCOUNTS | SERVICE SECTOR | SAFETY | INTERNAL RATES OF RETURN | TAX | WORKER | DISMISSAL | SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM | UNFUNDED PENSION | LIFE EXPECTANCY | INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS | WAREHOUSE | SAVINGS ACCOUNT | SAVINGS RATES | MOTIVATION | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | ACTIVE LABOR MARKETS | MINIMUM WAGES | PREVIOUS STUDIES | RETIREES | SOCIAL PROTECTION | LABOR FORCE | SOCIAL SECURITY | EMPLOYMENT DURATION | INTEREST RATE | EMPLOYMENT RATE | UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFITS | UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT | LABOR FORCE GROWTH | PENSION BENEFIT | REAL WAGE | CONTINGENT LIABILITIES | BARGAINING | FINANCES | BARGAINING POWER | FUTURE PENSIONS | PUBLIC PENSION | MANDATORY SAVINGS | PENSION LIABILITIES | UNEMPLOYMENT | LEVY | LABOR DEMAND | LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS | PROGRAM COSTS | GROSS REPLACEMENT RATES
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13. Full Text Achieving Fiscal Sustainability in Swaziland : Reestablishing Control over the Wage Bill
by World Bank
12/2010
This report discusses how to establish control over the wage bill in Swaziland, which has become uncommonly large. The wage bill needs to be addressed urgently... 
CHECKS | PENSION FUND CONTRIBUTIONS | PRIVATE SERVICES | LEGAL FRAMEWORK | MINISTER | STRUCTURAL REFORMS | RECURRENT EXPENDITURE | SERVICE DELIVERY | ALLOCATION | EXPENDITURE | MINISTRY OF FINANCE | WAGE LEVELS | HEALTH SECTOR | PUBLIC DEFICIT | WAGE BILL | MACROECONOMIC STABILITY | FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY | EMPLOYMENT | POLICE | ECONOMIC GROWTH | WORKERS | FISCAL IMPACT | PRIVATE SECTOR | PUBLIC PENSION SYSTEM | ECONOMIC DOWNTURN | INFLATION RATE | QUALITY SERVICE | PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT | AVERAGE WAGE | ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE | PUBLIC SECTORS | PUBLIC SPENDING | YEARLY BUDGET | ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES | PUBLIC SERVICE | GOVERNMENT SPENDING | COLLAPSE | ACCOUNTABILITY | EARLY RETIREMENT | ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS | TURNOVER | DEBT SERVICE | EMPLOYEE | DRIVERS | ATTRITION | PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES | FISCAL REVENUE | EFFICIENCY GAINS | INFLATION | MINISTERS | CIVIL SERVICE | PUBLIC WELFARE | REFORM EFFORTS | PRIMARY EDUCATION | PURCHASING POWER | CASH FLOW | DOMESTIC REVENUE | PUBLIC SECTOR | PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK | WAGE INCREASE | MINISTRY OF DEFENSE | GOVERNMENT POLICY | PENSION FUND | FISCAL DEFICITS | WAGE NEGOTIATIONS | POLITICIANS | CIVIL SERVANT | FISCAL IMBALANCES | ACCOUNTING | PUBLIC REVENUE | POVERTY REDUCTION | CIVIL SERVANTS | RESERVE | DISCRETION | REFORM AGENDA | FISCAL DEFICIT | PRIMARY SCHOOL | EXPENDITURE LEVELS | LABOR FORCE | BENEFICIARIES | MACROECONOMIC POLICY | PENSION FUND CONTRIBUTION | FISCAL IMPLICATIONS | MASS LAYOFFS | CONFLICT OF INTEREST | SOCIAL WELFARE | PUBLIC PENSION | EXPENDITURES | INITIATIVE | PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT | PUBLIC DEBT | CONFIDENCE | UNEMPLOYMENT | PREVIOUS ONE | REASSIGNMENT | PUBLIC EXPENDITURE | BUDGET DECISIONS | REVENUE LEVELS | HIGH WAGE | FINANCIAL HEALTH | EXPENDITURE PLANS | LUMP SUM TRANSFERS | SIZE OF GOVERNMENT | COMPENSATION PACKAGES
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14. Full Text A Decade of Declining Earnings Inequality in the Russian Federation
by Calvo, Paula Andrea and Lopez-Calva, Luis-Felipe and Posadas, Josefina
08/2015, Policy Research Working Paper, Volume 7392
Wage inequality decreased significantly in the Russian Federation over the 2000s. The economic expansion experienced throughout the decade led to an... 
STRUCTURAL CHANGE | LABOR MARKETS | MONITORING | WAGE PREMIUM | GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | ECONOMIC STRUCTURE | BASE YEAR | URBAN WORKERS | GDP | INCOME DISTRIBUTION | MALE WORKERS | CLERKS | MINIMUM WAGE | EMPLOYMENT | TOTAL WAGES | MARKET ECONOMY | ECONOMIC GROWTH | POLITICAL ECONOMY | EXTREME POVERTY | AGRICULTURE | PRODUCTIVITY EFFECTS | WORKERS | PRIVATE SECTOR | REAL WAGES | ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION | WAGE STRUCTURE | PAYING JOBS | INFLATION RATE | EMPLOYEES | JOB INSECURITY | FINANCIAL SECTOR | AVERAGE WAGE | WAGE GAP | FEMALE LABOR | FEMALE LABOR FORCE | HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS | MARKETS | DEVELOPMENT POLICY | UNPAID WORKERS | INFLUENCE | STANDARDS | RURAL WORKERS | EARNING | INCOME INEQUALITY | WAGE PREMIUMS | PRIVATE SECTORS | INCOME | AGE GROUP | FINANCE | FIRM SIZE | LABOR | EARNINGS INEQUALITY | DISTRIBUTION | PRICES | EMPLOYEE | DRIVERS | ECONOMIC EXPANSION | POLICIES | FINANCIAL CRISIS | LABOR ECONOMICS | OCCUPATIONS | GROWTH RATE | PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS | PREVIOUS DISCUSSION | JOBS | PER CAPITA INCOME | OCCUPATION | VARIABLES | OUTCOMES | OWNERSHIP | PRIVATE FIRMS | ECONOMIC RECOVERY | COLLEGE EDUCATION | LAW | SERVICE SECTOR | INEQUALITY MEASURES | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | WORKER | VALUE | UNSKILLED WORKERS | TRENDS | TOTAL WAGE | ORGANIZATIONS | INFLATION RATES | SKILL PREMIUM | SUPPLY | NOMINAL WAGES | CONTRACTUAL WAGES | JOB | ACCOUNTING | DISPOSABLE INCOME | EFFECTS | CRITERIA | RETIREMENT | INFORMATION | PUBLIC SERVICES | INTERNATIONAL MARKETS | AGE CATEGORIES | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | WAGE COMPRESSION | DEMAND | MINIMUM WAGES | HOUSEHOLD INCOME | STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES | EXPECTATIONS | CRISES | COLLEGE GRADUATES | LABOR FORCE | MONEY | WAGES | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | DISADVANTAGED GROUPS | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | AVERAGE WAGES | PAID WORKERS | HIGH WAGES | AVERAGING | ELASTICITY | WAGE DISTRIBUTION | FOREIGN OWNERSHIP | RURAL EMPLOYMENT | PRIVATE FIRM | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | MEASUREMENT | PRESENT STUDY | UNEMPLOYMENT | PRODUCTION | ECONOMIC MOBILITY | WAGE INEQUALITY | WAGE POLICIES | LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS | WAGE DIFFERENTIAL | SKILLED WORKERS | WAGE DISPERSION | YOUNG WORKERS | GDP PER CAPITA | LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT | HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUT | PRODUCTIVITY | WAGE POLICY | ECONOMICS | LABOUR
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15. Full Text Ghana's New Approach to Public Sector Reform : Focusing on Delivery
by World Bank
11/2010
Ghana has developed a "New Approach to Public Sector Reform", which seeks to focus reforms on results, particularly the delivery of the Government's main... 
MINISTER | LABOR MARKETS | JUDICIARY | SERVICE DELIVERY | DEBT FINANCING | EXPORT MARKET | PRIVATIZATION | WAGE BILL | INDIRECT COST | ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE | ACCOUNTABILITIES | POLICE | ASSETS | ECONOMIC GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT LEVELS | POLITICAL ECONOMY | PUBLIC POLICY | PRIVATE SECTOR | REAL WAGES | HUMAN RESOURCES | MDAS | CASH MANAGEMENT | RISK SHARING | FOREIGN EXCHANGE | PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT | PUBLIC | PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE | ELECTRICITY | LABOR MARKET REGULATION | PERFORMANCE INDICATORS | PREVIOUS SECTION | MANDATES | PUBLIC SERVICE | LEGISLATION | DOMESTIC PRODUCERS | PRIVATE SECTORS | PATRONAGE | ACCOUNTABILITY | INCOME | PRIVATE SECTOR ACTIVITY | EQUALIZATION | HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION | PRIMARY SOURCE | PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS | LOCAL GOVERNMENTS | PRIVATE SECTOR WAGE | COLLECTIVE BARGAINING | REFORM PROGRAMS | WAGE RATES | PUBLIC FUNDS | DEMONSTRATION EFFECTS | JOBS | INFLATION | MINISTERS | CIVIL SERVICE | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | JOB CREATION PROGRAM | DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES | INNOVATIONS | SKILLS DEVELOPMENT | BUDGET PROCESS | PORTS | FISCAL BALANCE | EMPLOYMENT GENERATION | PUBLIC SECTOR | SAFETY | INNOVATION | INTERNAL EQUITY | DEBT | TOTAL WAGE | BIDDING | JOB CREATION | ORGANIZED LABOR | WAGE NEGOTIATIONS | REASONABLE ASSUMPTIONS | FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT | PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS | ROADS | ACCOUNTING | ECONOMIC STABILITY | JOB CREATION SCHEME | GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION | PUBLIC SERVICES | PUBLIC INVESTMENT | LABOR UNIONS | PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | JUSTICE | PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES | CIVIL SERVANTS | LABOR MARKET | OUTPUTS | PUBLIC INVESTMENTS | TRADE UNIONS | LABOR INTENSITIES | STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES | DEVOLUTION | JOB SECURITY | PROVISIONS | PROCUREMENT | CONFLICT OF INTEREST | SOCIAL WELFARE | BARGAINING | TRANSPORT | WAGE NEGOTIATION | INITIATIVE | LOCAL GOVERNMENT | PUBLIC SERVANTS | WAGE POLICIES | PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION | HIGH EMPLOYMENT | PUBLIC EXPENDITURE | PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM | LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS | CAPITAL MARKETS | PROCUREMENT LAW | PRIVATE SECTOR JOB | PRODUCTIVITY | SAVINGS | LABOUR | CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
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16. Full Text Mauritius : Inclusiveness of Growth and Shared Prosperity
by World Bank Group
09/2015
Mauritius is a high middle-income country with low levels of poverty and inequality. The headcount poverty level was 6.9 percent in 2012; measured by the... 
INFORMAL SECTOR | LABOR MARKETS | INCOME SUPPORT | RETAIL TRADE | YOUTH LABOR | INCOME DISTRIBUTION | LABOR SHORTAGES | OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION | PRIVATE ENTERPRISE | EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS | MINIMUM WAGE | EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GROWTH | TOTAL WAGES | SKILLED LABOR | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | WORKING POOR | RE-TRAINING PROGRAMS | EMPLOYMENT LEVELS | UNEMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCES | WORKERS | PRIVATE SECTOR | REAL WAGES | SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME | LABOR MARKET NEEDS | INCOME REDISTRIBUTION | HUMAN RESOURCES | EMPLOYEES | SKILLED OCCUPATION | EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | WAGE INDICATORS | AVERAGE WAGE | WAGE GAP | ON-THE-JOB TRAINING | FEMALE LABOR | FEMALE LABOR FORCE | EMPLOYMENT LEVEL | UNEMPLOYED | INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS | PREVIOUS SECTION | VOCATIONAL TRAINING | EARNING | INCOME INEQUALITY | PUBLIC SERVICE | WAGE PREMIUMS | WORKING CONDITIONS | AGE GROUP | SERVANTS | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | LABOR STATISTICS | ACTIVE LABOR | FIRM SIZE | EMPLOYMENT SHARE | YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES | LABOR MARKET INDICATORS | LABOR | JOB- SEARCH ASSISTANCE | LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION | EARNINGS INEQUALITY | HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION | WAGE DETERMINATION | TRAINING PROGRAMS | SKILLED OCCUPATIONS | PRIVATE COST | COLLECTIVE BARGAINING | DRIVERS | TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY | CARPENTERS | LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS | DISADVANTAGED POSITION | LABOR ECONOMICS | TOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT | OCCUPATIONS | CLERICAL WORKERS | JOBS | SMALL BUSINESSES | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | OCCUPATION | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | REALLOCATION EFFECT | YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT | PRIMARY EDUCATION | SERVICE SECTOR | WAGE BARGAINING | WAGE INCREASE | NET JOB CREATION | PRODUCT MARKETS | MALE COUNTERPARTS | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | WORKER | TOTAL WAGE | TOTAL LABOR FORCE | YOUTH RATE | INCOME INEQUALITIES | JOB CREATION | HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT | HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES | UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT PROGRAM | LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS | JOB | PRODUCTIVITY GAINS | LIFE EXPECTANCY | EDUCATIONAL LEVEL | EDUCATIONAL LEVELS | INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAM | LABOR REGULATIONS | RETIREMENT | PUBLIC SERVICES | JOB SEEKERS | PRIVATE ENTERPRISES | SELF EMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR POLICIES | ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY | LABOR MARKET | FINDING WORK | LABOR PRODUCTIVITY | MINIMUM WAGES | WORK EXPERIENCE | HOUSEHOLD INCOME | FOREIGN WORKERS | PRIMARY SCHOOL | LABOR FORCE | EMPLOYMENT RATE | EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT | LABOR SUPPLY | REAL WAGE | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | AVERAGE WAGES | HOUSEHOLD SURVEY | PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT | LABOR COSTS | HIGH WAGES | JOB PLACEMENT | HUMAN CAPITAL | WAGE DISTRIBUTION | DISADVANTAGED GROUP | BARGAINING POWER | LABOR ORGANIZATION | PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT | WHITE-COLLAR OCCUPATIONS | WAGE DIFFERENTIALS | ESTIMATED PROBABILITIES | AGE GROUPS | UNEMPLOYMENT | WAGE INEQUALITY | FIRM LEVEL | DOMESTIC MARKET | JOB TRAINING | MANAGEMENT | EMPLOYMENT POLICIES | EXOGENOUS SHOCKS | LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS | WAGE DIFFERENTIAL | UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS | SKILLED WORKERS | COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS | LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS | RISING UNEMPLOYMENT | YOUNG WORKERS | FIRM-LEVEL ANALYSIS | UNEMPLOYMENT RATE | LABOUR FORCE | HIGH-TECH INDUSTRY | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATES | PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT | EMPLOYMENT RATES | LABOUR
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17. Full Text Changing Wage Structure in India in the Post-Reform Era : 1993-2011
by Jacoby, Hanan G and Dasgupta, Basab
09/2015, Policy Research Working Paper, Volume 7426
This paper documents the changing structure of wages in India over the post-reform era, the roughly two-decade period since 1993. To investigate the factors... 
LAGS | COMPETITIVE MARKET | LABOR MARKETS | POOR | INEQUALITY | WAGE‐GROWTH | WAGE PREMIUM | INDUSTRY WAGE | EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE | RETAIL TRADE | LABOR SHARE | RURAL LABOR MARKETS | ECONOMIC ANALYSIS | EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GROWTH | WELFARE | WAGE‐EARNER | MARKET | ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS | AGRICULTURE | WORKERS | REAL WAGES | DEFLATORS | ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION | PUBLIC‐WORKS PROGRAM | WAGE STRUCTURE | PAYING JOBS | SOCIAL PROGRAMS | MARKET WAGE | AGRICULTURAL PRICES | BASE‐YEAR | POVERTY | AGRICULTURAL SECTOR | FEMALE LABOR | FEMALE LABOR FORCE | WAGE EMPLOYMENT | MARKETS | DEVELOPMENT POLICY | CASUAL WORKERS | RURAL WORKERS | PREVIOUS SECTION | URBAN EMPLOYMENT | EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE | INCOME | FINANCE | EMPLOYMENT GROWTH | EMPLOYMENT SHARE | LABOR | FOOD PRICES | RURAL SERVICES | PUBLIC WORKS | EARNINGS INEQUALITY | ASSOCIATIONS | PRICES | DRIVERS | LABOR MARKET INTERVENTION | LABOR ECONOMICS | GROWTH RATE | RURAL | TRADE LIBERALIZATION | JOBS | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | PRODUCTION FUNCTION | VARIABLES | LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES | OUTCOMES | PUBLIC‐WORKS | TRADE | AGRICULTURAL WAGE | SERVICE SECTOR | SAFETY | GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM | RURAL SECTOR | TOTAL EMPLOYMENT | WORKER | VALUE | UNSKILLED WORKERS | UNSKILLED LABOR | TRENDS | RURAL COUNTERPARTS | AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION | PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM | RURAL FEMALE | ORGANIZATIONS | PRODUCT | SKILL PREMIUM | SUPPLY | JOB | REAL‐ WAGE | EFFECTS | SAFETY‐NET | INFORMATION | POVERTY REDUCTION | WAGE INCREASES | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | LABOR MARKET | HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE | DEMAND | PUBLIC‐ WORKS | RURAL LABOR | SELF‐EMPLOYED | MEASURES | GROUP WORKERS | LABOR FORCE | POST-REFORM | WAGES | WAGE GAINS | LABOR SUPPLY | REAL WAGE | INSURANCE | CONSUMER PRICE INDEX | SELF‐EMPLOYMENT | RURAL AREAS | ELASTICITY | RURAL EMPLOYMENT | MEASUREMENT | REGRESSION ANALYSIS | UNEMPLOYMENT | PRODUCTION | WAGE INEQUALITY | RURAL GROWTH | PUBLIC‐ WORKS PROGRAM | LABOR DEMAND | LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS | INPUTS | RURAL DIVIDE | SKILL‐UPGRADING | WAGE‐PREMIUM | ECONOMICS | RURAL WAGES
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18. Full Text Fiscal Projections for Pension System of Belarus
by World Bank
05/2011
This note attempts to describe the pension system in Belarus including its fiscal performance, redistributive aspects benefit levels and benefit eligibility... 
RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS | PENSION AGE | LABOR MARKETS | FERTILITY RATES | INEQUALITY | PENSION SYSTEM PARAMETER | PENSION | EXPENDITURE | RETIREMENT BENEFITS | BENEFIT LEVELS | OLDER WORKERS | EARLY RETIREMENT PROGRAMS | MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT | PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT | WAGE BILL | PENSION SCHEME | MINIMUM WAGE | EMPLOYMENT | WAGE GROWTH | INTEREST RATES | WORKERS | PENSION PLAN | INCOME REDISTRIBUTION | FEMALE | REPLACEMENT RATE | BASIC PENSION | BENEFIT FORMULA | GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT | CONTRIBUTION RATE | FUTURE INCOME | RETIREMENT OPTION | RETIREMENT PERIODS | AVERAGE WAGE | PENSION POLICY | MORTALITY | UNEMPLOYED | EARNING | FERTILITY | SUBSIDIZED WORKER | DISCOUNT RATES | SERVANTS | RETIREMENT INCOME | SOCIAL INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS | TRANSFER PAYMENTS | EARLY RETIREMENT | ANNUITY | INCOMES | PENSIONER | RETIREMENT AGE | NOTIONAL ACCOUNT SYSTEM | BENEFICIARY | PENSION RIGHTS | EMPLOYEE | MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY | PENSION SYSTEM | DRIVERS | ELDERLY | RETIREMENT-INCOME | FINANCIAL CRISIS | GROWTH RATE | OCCUPATIONS | PREVIOUS DISCUSSION | JOBS | FUNDED PENSION | INFLATION | EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES | OCCUPATION | RETIREMENT AGES | WORKING PENSIONERS | PENSION BENEFITS | PURCHASING POWER | PENSION LAW | SAVINGS ACCOUNTS | NOTIONAL ACCOUNTS | LIVING STANDARDS | FEMALES | WORKER | PENSION FUND MEMBERSHIP | WOMAN | PENSION INCOME | PENSION FUND | FISCAL DEFICITS | INCOME TAX | DISABILITY | PENSION REFORM | DEMOGRAPHIC | LIFE EXPECTANCY | LIFE EXPECTANCIES | INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS | RETIREMENT | SAVINGS ACCOUNT | PENSION CONTRIBUTION | NOTIONAL ACCOUNT | LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION | AVERAGE BENEFIT | INCOME STREAM | LABOR MARKET | GENDERS | REPLACEMENT RATES | RETIREE | RETIREES | SOCIAL PROTECTION | EARLY RETIREMENT PROGRAM | VOLATILITY | LABOR FORCE | BENEFICIARIES | SOCIAL SECURITY | INTEREST RATE | INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENTS | BENEFIT INDEXATION | PENSION BENEFIT | REAL WAGE | CONTRIBUTION RATES | SOCIAL INSURANCE | SOCIAL TRANSFER | PENSION EXPENDITURES | EMPLOYMENT LAW | FINANCES | PRICE INDEXATION | PENSIONS | COMPENSATION | FERTILITY RATE | DEPENDENCY RATIO | PENSION SYSTEMS | PENSIONABLE AGE | PENSIONERS | HIGH WAGE | NOMINAL WAGE | SAVINGS | SURVIVOR PENSIONS | WILL
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19. Full Text Philippine Development Report : Creating More and Better Jobs
by World Bank
09/2013
Accelerating inclusive growth - the type that creates more and better jobs and reduces poverty - is a key challenge for the Philippines. Instead of rising... 
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY | SKILL SHORTAGES | BARRIERS TO ENTRY | WAGE LEVELS | PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES | HUMAN DEVELOPMENT | MINIMUM WAGE | MARKET PRICES | ECONOMIC GROWTH | PRIVATE SECTOR | WAGE RATE | LABOR OFFICES | HUMAN RESOURCES | REGULATORY SYSTEM | JUSTICE SYSTEM | SAFETY NET | MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS | TAX SYSTEM | INVESTMENT CLIMATE | JOB INSECURITY | HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS | VOCATIONAL EDUCATION | INVESTING | PRIVATE INVESTMENT | POLITICAL STABILITY | ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE | GOVERNMENT SPENDING | PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS | ACTIVE LABOR | MARKET VALUES | BENEFICIARY |