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1. Full Text PD‐1 signaling in primary T cells
by Riley, James L
Immunological Reviews, ISSN 0105-2896, 05/2009, Volume 229, Issue 1, pp. 114 - 125
Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) is a cell surface molecule that regulates the adaptive immune response. Engagement of PD‐1 by its ligands PD‐L1 or PD‐L2 transduces a... 
SHP‐2 | metabolism | SHP‐1 | Metabolism | SHP-1 | SHP-2 | CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN | DENDRITIC CELLS | DISTINCT ROLES | IMMUNOLOGY | CHRONIC VIRAL-INFECTION | IG-LIKE RECEPTOR-1 | TERMINAL SRC KINASE | NEGATIVE REGULATION | IN-VIVO | INHIBITORY RECEPTOR | PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 - metabolism | Antigens, CD - immunology | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - immunology | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - immunology | Humans | Antigens, Surface - genetics | CD28 Antigens - immunology | Antigens, CD - genetics | Antigens, CD - metabolism | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism | CD28 Antigens - metabolism | CTLA-4 Antigen | Signal Transduction - immunology | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | T-Lymphocytes - metabolism | Antigens, Surface - metabolism | Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor | T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Mice | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 - immunology | Antigens, Surface - immunology | Research | T cells | Analysis | Oncology, Experimental | Cancer
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2. Full Text The STAT3-Binding Long Noncoding RNA lnc-DC Controls Human Dendritic Cell Differentiation
by Wang, P and Xue, YQ and Han, YM and Lin, L and Wu, C and Xu, S and Jiang, ZP and Xu, JF and Liu, QY and Cao, XT
SCIENCE, ISSN 0036-8075, 04/2014, Volume 344, Issue 6181, pp. 310 - 313
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in diverse biological processes; however, few have been identified that regulate immune cell differentiation... 
REPRESSION | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | TRANSCRIPTION | DISEASE | STAT3 | PTEN | MICRORNAS | EXPRESSION | PU.1 | Chromatin - metabolism | Phosphorylation | Bone Marrow Cells - cytology | Lymphocyte Activation | Monocytes - cytology | Dendritic Cells - immunology | Epigenesis, Genetic | Humans | Gene Expression Regulation | Dendritic Cells - physiology | Cytoplasm - metabolism | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Cell Differentiation | Dendritic Cells - cytology | Mice | Histones - metabolism | Nucleic Acid Conformation | RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism | STAT3 Transcription Factor - metabolism | Phosphates | Ribonucleic acid--RNA | Gene expression | Binding sites | Immune system
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3. Full Text The molecular regulation of Janus kinase (JAK) activation
by Babon, Jeffrey J and Lucet, Isabelle S and Murphy, James M and Nicola, Nicos A and Varghese, Leila N
Biochemical Journal, ISSN 0264-6021, 07/2014, Volume 462, Issue 1, pp. 1 - 13
The JAK (Janus kinase) family members serve essential roles as the intracellular signalling effectors of cytokine receptors. This family, comprising JAK1,... 
Pseudokinase | Janus kinase (JAK) | Kinase | Cytokine receptor | SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY | cytokine receptor | SH2-B FAMILY-MEMBERS | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | DEFECTIVE LYMPHOID DEVELOPMENT | pseudokinase | STIMULATED JAK/STAT PATHWAY | CHRONIC MYELOID-LEUKEMIA | kinase | LNK-DEFICIENT MICE | ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA | HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS | GAMMA SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION | PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 - metabolism | Leukocyte Common Antigens - metabolism | Signal Transduction | Humans | TYK2 Kinase - metabolism | Myeloproliferative Disorders - genetics | Receptors, Cytokine - physiology | src Homology Domains | Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - genetics | Janus Kinase 1 - metabolism | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 - metabolism | Animals | Proteins - metabolism | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Janus Kinase 2 - metabolism | Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes - genetics | Enzyme Activation | Janus Kinase 3 - metabolism | Protein Structure, Tertiary - physiology | Janus kinase
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4. Full Text B Cell Receptor Signal Transduction in the GC Is Short-Circuited by High Phosphatase Activity
by Ashraf M. Khalil and John C. Cambier and Mark J. Shlomchik
Science, ISSN 0036-8075, 6/2012, Volume 336, Issue 6085, pp. 1178 - 1181
Germinal centers (GCs) generate memory B and plasma cells, which are essential for long-lived humoral immunity. GC B cells with high-affinity B cell receptors... 
Signal transduction | Cytometry | Phosphorylation | Receptors | Phosphatases | Ligation | Splenocytes | REPORTS | Cell cycle | Physiological regulation | Immunity | MEMORY | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | ANTIGEN-RECEPTOR | SHIP | SHP-1 | SELECTION | PROMOTES | TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE | GERMINAL-CENTER | CD22 | Calcium - metabolism | Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism | Germinal Center - immunology | Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases | Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism | Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - metabolism | Antigen Presentation | Germinal Center - cytology | Syk Kinase | B-Lymphocytes - metabolism | B-Lymphocytes - enzymology | Signal Transduction | Lymphocyte Activation | Down-Regulation | Antibody Affinity | Mice, Transgenic | Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - immunology | CD79 Antigens - metabolism | Models, Immunological | Animals | B-Lymphocytes - immunology | Cell Cycle | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Antigens - immunology | Mice | Mice, Inbred BALB C | Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases - metabolism | Physiological aspects | Plasma cells | B cells | Health aspects | Monoclonal antibodies | Phosphorus content | Neurons | Cells | Immune system | Antigens | Affinity | Maturation | Online | Survival
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5. Full Text Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 is a major kinase-independent target of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma
by Tai, Wei-Tien and Cheng, Ann-Lii and Shiau, Chung-Wai and Huang, Hsiang-Po and Huang, Jui-Wen and Chen, Pei-Jer and Chen, Kuen-Feng
Journal of Hepatology, ISSN 0168-8278, 2011, Volume 55, Issue 5, pp. 1041 - 1048
Background & Aims Recently, we reported that sorafenib sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells to TRAIL through the inhibition of signal transducer and... 
Gastroenterology and Hepatology | HCC | Sorafenib | STAT3 | Apoptosis | GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY | Niacinamide - analogs & derivatives | Apoptosis - drug effects | Down-Regulation | Humans | Liver Neoplasms - drug therapy | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - drug effects | Phenylurea Compounds | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - enzymology | Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf - metabolism | Benzenesulfonates - pharmacology | Animals | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - drug therapy | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Mice, Nude | STAT3 Transcription Factor - drug effects | Cell Line, Tumor | Mice | Protein Kinase Inhibitors - pharmacology | Pyridines - pharmacology | Liver Neoplasms - enzymology | STAT3 Transcription Factor - metabolism | Antimitotic agents | Medical colleges | Liver cancer | Hepatoma | Antineoplastic agents
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6. Full Text RIP1-driven autoinflammation targets IL-1α independently of inflammasomes and RIP3
by Lukens, John R and Vogel, Peter and Johnson, Gordon R and Kelliher, Michelle A and Iwakura, Yoichiro and Lamkanfi, Mohamed and Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 2013, Volume 498, Issue 7453, pp. 224 - 227
The protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 has critical roles in immune signalling, but how mutations in SHP-1 cause inflammatory disease in humans remains poorly... 
ACTIVATION | STERILE INFLAMMATION | GENE | AUTOIMMUNITY | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | MOTH-EATEN | DISEASE | MICE | IDENTIFICATION | CELL | PHOSPHATASES | Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism | Inflammation - pathology | Inflammasomes - metabolism | Dermatitis - immunology | Humans | Interleukin-1alpha - metabolism | Male | NF-kappa B - metabolism | Wound Healing | Inflammation - metabolism | Interleukin-1beta - metabolism | Gene Deletion | Cell Death | Female | Interleukin-1alpha - genetics | Disease Models, Animal | Signal Transduction | Wounds and Injuries - pathology | Extremities - pathology | Inflammation - immunology | Interleukin-1alpha - secretion | Wounds and Injuries - immunology | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - genetics | Dermatitis - pathology | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Interleukin-1alpha - deficiency | Mice | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - deficiency | Dermatitis - metabolism | NOD-like receptor | cell death | inflammation | inflammasome | Ptpn6 | SHP-1 | interleukin | RIP3 | RIP1 | caspase
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7. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in the JAK/STAT pathway
by Xu, Dan and Qu, Cheng-Kui
Frontiers in Bioscience, ISSN 1093-9946, 2008, Volume 13, Issue 13, pp. 4925 - 4932
The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is crucial in controlling cellular activities in response to... 
SHP2 | Signal transduction | STAT | Hematopoiesis | JAK | Cytokine | cytokine | SOMATIC PTPN11 MUTATIONS | signal transduction | CYTOKINE SIGNALING-3 | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA | ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA | CELL BIOLOGY | SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION | ABERRANT METHYLATION | hematopoiesis | INTERFERON-GAMMA | EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR | IN-VIVO | MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES
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8. Full Text THEMIS enhances TCR signaling and enables positive selection by selective inhibition of the phosphatase SHP-1
by Choi, Seeyoung and Warzecha, Claude and Zvezdova, Ekaterina and Lee, Jan and Argenty, Jérémy and Lesourne, Renaud and Aravind, L and Love, Paul E
Nature Immunology, ISSN 1529-2908, 03/2017, Volume 18, Issue 4, pp. 433 - 441
THEMIS, a T cell-specific protein with high expression in CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes, has a crucial role in positive selection and T cell development. THEMIS... 
LIGAND DISCRIMINATION | SURVIVAL | THYMOCYTE DEVELOPMENT | ACTIVATION | STIMULATION | REDOX REGULATION | T-CELL-RECEPTOR | PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASES | NEGATIVE SELECTION | GENERATION | IMMUNOLOGY | Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism | Thymocytes - metabolism | Humans | Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - chemistry | Cell Differentiation - genetics | T-Lymphocytes - metabolism | Gene Deletion | Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs | Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics | Cell Line | Oxidation-Reduction | Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - metabolism | Signal Transduction | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - genetics | Clonal Selection, Antigen-Mediated - immunology | Mice, Knockout | Thymocytes - immunology | Cell Differentiation - immunology | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | T-Lymphocytes - cytology | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - antagonists & inhibitors | Protein Binding | T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Thymocytes - cytology | Mice | Cellular proteins | Cellular signal transduction | Genetic aspects | Properties | T cells
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9. Full Text Signalling thresholds and negative B-cell selection in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
by Chen, Zhengshan and Shojaee, Seyedmehdi and Buchner, Maike and Geng, Huimin and Lee, Jae Woong and Klemm, Lars and Titz, Björn and Graeber, Thomas G and Park, Eugene and Tan, Ying Xim and Satterthwaite, Anne and Paietta, Elisabeth and Hunger, Stephen P and Willman, Cheryl L and Melnick, Ari and Loh, Mignon L and Jung, Jae U and Coligan, John E and Bolland, Silvia and Mak, Tak W and Limnander, Andre and Jumaa, Hassan and Reth, Michael and Weiss, Arthur and Lowell, Clifford A and Müschen, Markus
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 05/2015, Volume 521, Issue 7552, pp. 357 - 361
B cells are selected for an intermediate level of B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signalling strength: attenuation below minimum(for example, non-functional... 
MOTIFS | RECEPTOR | ACTIVATION | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | IN-VIVO | DELETION | Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism | Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - deficiency | Humans | Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid - metabolism | Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases | Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism | Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid - drug effects | Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - metabolism | Antigens, CD - metabolism | Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - drug therapy | Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - metabolism | Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid - pathology | Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism | Gene Deletion | Female | B-Lymphocytes - pathology | Cell Death - drug effects | Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - pathology | Syk Kinase | B-Lymphocytes - metabolism | Disease Models, Animal | Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases - antagonists & inhibitors | Enzyme Activation - drug effects | Mice, SCID | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - genetics | Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - genetics | Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | B-Lymphocytes - drug effects | Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl - genetics | Tyrosine - metabolism | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Signal Transduction - drug effects | Cell Transformation, Neoplastic | Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - agonists | Cell Line, Tumor | Mice, Inbred NOD | Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - genetics | Mice | Amino Acid Motifs - genetics | Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases | Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases - metabolism | Receptors, Immunologic - genetics | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - deficiency | Receptors, Immunologic - metabolism | Drug Resistance, Neoplasm - drug effects | Physiological aspects | Acute lymphocytic leukemia | B cells | Signal transduction | Rodents | Leukemia | Mutation | Drug resistance | Kinases | Cells
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10. Full Text Activation of PKC-δ and SHP-1 by hyperglycemia causes vascular cell apoptosis and diabetic retinopathy
by Kern, Timothy S and Hiraoka-Yamamoto, Junko and Marette, Andre and Aiello, Lloyd P and King, George L and Leitges, Michael and Matsumoto, Motonobu and Clermont, Allen and Geraldes, Pedro
Nature Medicine, ISSN 1078-8956, 11/2009, Volume 15, Issue 11, pp. 1298 - 1306
Cellular apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia occurs in many vascular cells and is crucial for the initiation of diabetic pathologies. In the retina, pericyte... 
MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL | MOTH-EATEN MICE | PROTEIN-KINASE-C | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | RATS | INDUCTION | FACTOR RECEPTOR | TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE | CELL BIOLOGY | GLUCOSE | SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS | EXPRESSION | ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR | Pericytes - drug effects | Apoptosis - drug effects | Diabetic Nephropathies - etiology | Kidney Cortex - metabolism | Protein Kinase C-delta - deficiency | Hyperglycemia - complications | NF-kappa B - metabolism | Pericytes - physiology | RNA, Messenger - metabolism | Brain - metabolism | Hyperglycemia - pathology | DNA Fragmentation - drug effects | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism | Disease Models, Animal | Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta - metabolism | Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology | Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism | Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics | Kidney Cortex - pathology | Glucose - pharmacology | Signal Transduction - genetics | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - genetics | Mice, Knockout | Hyperglycemia - metabolism | Protein Kinase C-delta - metabolism | Platelet-Derived Growth Factor - metabolism | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Brain - pathology | Glucose - metabolism | Mice | Apoptosis - physiology
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11. Full Text Phosphatase SHP-1 promotes TLR- and RIG-I-activated production of type I interferon by inhibiting the kinase IRAK1
by Hou, Jin and Zheng, Yuejuan and An, Huazhang and Zhou, Jun and Liu, Shuxun and Zhao, Wei and Cao, Xuetao and Xu, Hongmei and Yu, Yizhi
Nature Immunology, ISSN 1529-2908, 05/2008, Volume 9, Issue 5, pp. 542 - 550
Unbalanced production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons in immune responses may lead to immunopathology; thus, the mechanisms that ensure the... 
PROTEIN | RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED KINASE | CELL ACTIVATION | TYROSINE KINASE | IMMUNE-RESPONSES | ADAPTER | TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS | INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR | IMMUNOLOGY | NF-KAPPA-B | ALPHA INDUCTION | Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases - metabolism | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - immunology | NF-kappa B - metabolism | Interferon Type I - biosynthesis | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases - metabolism | Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases - chemistry | Membrane Proteins - metabolism | Toll-Like Receptors - metabolism | NF-kappa B - antagonists & inhibitors | Macrophages, Peritoneal | Nerve Tissue Proteins - immunology | Signal Transduction | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Toll-Like Receptors - immunology | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases - antagonists & inhibitors | Homeostasis - immunology | Membrane Proteins - immunology | Immunity, Innate | Catalytic Domain - physiology | Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism | Animals | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - metabolism | Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases - antagonists & inhibitors | Protein Binding | Mice | Cytokines - biosynthesis | Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 - metabolism | Cell receptors | Immune response | Physiological aspects | Interferon | Research | Health aspects | Protein kinases
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