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1. Full Text Impaired Nrf2 regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in rostral ventrolateral medulla on hypertension induced by systemic inflammation
by Wu, Kay L.H and Wu, Chih-Wei and Chao, Yung-Mei and Hung, Chun-Ying and Chan, Julie Y.H
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, ISSN 0891-5849, 08/2016, Volume 97, pp. 58 - 74
Oxidative stress in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), where sympathetic premotor neurons reside, is involved in the development of hypertension under... 
Hypertension | Mitochondrial transcription factor A | Oxidative stress | Mitochondrial biogenesis | Nrf2 | Inflammation | Rostral ventrolateral medulla | Oxidativestress | Mitochondrial transcriptionfactorA | Rostralventrolateralmedulla | PROTEASOMAL DEGRADATION | PROTEIN-KINASE | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | ANGIOTENSIN-II | ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE ELEMENT | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2 | NEUROGENIC HYPERTENSION | CUL3-BASED E3 LIGASE | ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS | ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | GENE-EXPRESSION | Inflammation - chemically induced | Inflammation - pathology | Neurons - pathology | NF-E2 Transcription Factor - genetics | DNA, Mitochondrial - drug effects | Humans | NF-E2 Transcription Factor - metabolism | Hypertension - etiology | Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 - genetics | Inflammation - complications | Organelle Biogenesis | Mitochondria - genetics | Interleukin-1beta - metabolism | DNA Copy Number Variations - drug effects | Neurons - metabolism | Hypertension - genetics | Kidney Medulla - pathology | Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity | Oxidation-Reduction | Kidney Medulla - drug effects | Rats | Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 - metabolism | Mitochondria - metabolism | Transcription Factors - genetics | Hypertension - pathology | Hypertension - metabolism | Animals | Inflammation - genetics | Oxidative Stress - drug effects | Enzymes | Interleukins | Neurons | Genes | Escherichia coli | Biosynthesis | Mitochondrial DNA | DNA binding proteins | Genetic transcription | Mitogens | Protein binding
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2. Full Text Effect of oxidative stress in rostral ventrolateral medulla on sympathetic hyperactivity after traumatic brain injury
by Chen, Jigang and Chen, Wen and Han, Kaiwei and Qi, Enbo and Chen, Rongbin and Yu, Minkun and Hou, Lijun and Lv, Liquan
European Journal of Neuroscience, ISSN 0953-816X, 07/2019, Volume 50, Issue 2, pp. 1972 - 1980
Sympathetic hyperactivity occurs in a subgroup of patients after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a key region for the... 
traumatic brain injury | rostral ventrolateral medulla | oxidative stress | sympathetic hyperactivity | SYMPATHOEXCITATION | NERVOUS-SYSTEM | NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE | DYSAUTONOMIA | NEUROSCIENCES | OVEREXPRESSION | PRESSURE | TEMPOL | NEURAL MECHANISMS | HYPERTENSION | EPIDEMIOLOGY | Hypertension | Oxidative stress | Brain | Analysis | Superoxide | Cardiology | Noradrenaline | Injuries | Reactive oxygen species | Animal models | Traumatic brain injury | Hyperactivity | Tempol | Superoxide dismutase | Sympathetic nervous system | Malondialdehyde | Microinjection | Oxidation | Blood pressure | Norepinephrine | Medulla oblongata | Heart diseases
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3. Full Text Imbalance of Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor and Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla: Potential Mechanism for Sympathetic Overactivity in Heart Failure
by Gao, Lie and Wang, Wei-Zhong and Wang, Wei and Zucker, Irving H
Hypertension, ISSN 0194-911X, 10/2008, Volume 52, Issue 4, pp. 708 - 714
Upregulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) contributes to the sympathoexcitation in the chronic heart... 
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor | Sympathetic outflow | Angiotensin II type 2 receptor | Rostral ventrolateral medulla | rostral ventrolateral medulla | AT RECEPTOR | CULTURED NEURONS | angiotensin II type 1 receptor | ARACHIDONIC-ACID | BLOOD-PRESSURE | sympathetic outflow | NAD(P)H OXIDASE | angiotensin II type 2 receptor | RECTIFIER K+ CURRENT | PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE | RAT-BRAIN | EXPRESSION | MODULATION | Blood Pressure | Vasoconstrictor Agents - pharmacology | Up-Regulation | Vasodilator Agents - pharmacology | Sympathetic Nervous System - drug effects | Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 - biosynthesis | Heart Failure - physiopathology | Medulla Oblongata - metabolism | Rats | Male | Heart Failure - metabolism | Imidazoles - pharmacology | Sympathetic Nervous System - physiopathology | Rats, Sprague-Dawley | Blotting, Western | Medulla Oblongata - physiopathology | Animals | Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 - biosynthesis | Pyridines - pharmacology | Oligopeptides - pharmacology | Disease Models, Animal
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4. Full Text Vasopressin V1a receptors mediate the hypertensive effects of [Pyr1]apelin‐13 in the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla
by Griffiths, Philip R and Lolait, Stephen J and Harris, Louise E and Paton, Julian F. R and O'Carroll, Anne‐Marie
The Journal of Physiology, ISSN 0022-3751, 06/2017, Volume 595, Issue 11, pp. 3303 - 3318
Key points Dysfunctions in CNS regulation of arterial blood pressure lead to an increase in sympathetic nerve activity that participates in the pathogenesis of... 
blood pressure | rostral ventrolateral medulla | APJ | apelin | sympathetic nervous system | vasopressin | ENDOGENOUS LIGAND | APJ RECEPTOR | RESPONSES | OXYTOCIN NEURONS | PHYSIOLOGY | PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS | SPINAL-CORD | APELIN | MECHANISMS | NEUROSCIENCES | BLOOD-PRESSURE | HYPOTHALAMUS | Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology | Apelin Receptors - antagonists & inhibitors | Rats, Wistar | Medulla Oblongata - metabolism | Receptors, Vasopressin - metabolism | Rats | Male | Hypertension - physiopathology | Hypertension - metabolism | Animals | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - pharmacology | Blood Pressure - drug effects | Medulla Oblongata - physiology | Hypertension | Glutamate | Angiotensin | Femur | Peptides | γ-Aminobutyric acid A receptors | Pathogenesis | Central nervous system | Homeostasis | Glutamic acid receptors | Receptors | Control | Rodents | Medulla oblongata | Blood pressure | Pretreatment | Angiotensin II | Reflexes | Cardiovascular system | Oxytocin | Vasopressin | Argipressin receptors | Microinjection | Low frequencies | Bicuculline | Cardiovascular | Research Paper
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5. Full Text Oxidative stress in the rostral ventrolateral medulla modulates excitatory and inhibitory inputs in spontaneously hypertensive rats
by Nishihara, Masaaki and Hirooka, Yoshitaka and Matsukawa, Ryuichi and Kishi, Takuya and Sunagawa, Kenji
Journal of Hypertension, ISSN 0263-6352, 01/2012, Volume 30, Issue 1, pp. 97 - 106
OBJECTIVESThe rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of the brainstem and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus play crucial roles in central... 
rostral ventrolateral medulla | brain | hypertension | sympathetic nervous system | hypothalamus | oxidative stress | ACTIVATION | SYMPATHETIC VASOMOTOR TONE | ANGIOTENSIN-II | SUPPORT BLOOD-PRESSURE | HYPOTHALAMIC PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS | SUPEROXIDE ANION | REDOX GENE-THERAPY | NITRIC-OXIDE | NEURONS | PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE | NEURAL MECHANISMS | Blood Pressure | Rats, Inbred SHR | Receptors, Glutamate - metabolism | Heart Rate | Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism | Oxidative Stress | Medulla Oblongata - metabolism | Rats | Rats, Inbred WKY | Male | Hypertension - physiopathology | Hypertension - metabolism | Medulla Oblongata - physiopathology | Animals | Receptors, GABA - metabolism | Kidney - innervation | Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
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6. Full Text Sympathoexcitation by hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla
by Koba, Satoshi and Hanai, Eri and Kumada, Nao and Kataoka, Naoya and Nakamura, Kazuhiro and Watanabe, Tatsuo
The Journal of Physiology, ISSN 0022-3751, 10/2018, Volume 596, Issue 19, pp. 4581 - 4595
Key points Causal relationships between central cardiovascular pathways and sympathetic vasomotor tone have not been evidenced. This study aimed to verify the... 
sympathetic nerve activity | rostral ventrolateral medulla | optogenetics | SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEI | PHYSIOLOGY | SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS | VASOMOTOR NEURONS | HEART-FAILURE | SYMPATHETIC-NERVE ACTIVITY | NITRIC-OXIDE | SPINAL-CORD | BRAIN-STEM | AXONAL PROJECTIONS | NEUROSCIENCES | BLOOD-PRESSURE | Fluorescence | Brain | College teachers | Genetic vectors | Glutamate | Neurons | Adrenal glands | Confocal microscopy | Glutamic acid receptors | Hypothalamus | Urethane | Paraventricular nucleus | Axons | Rodents | Green fluorescent protein | Anesthesia | Medulla oblongata | Glutamatergic transmission | Glutamic acid transporter | Immunofluorescence | Research Paper | Cardiovascular
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7. Full Text Immunohistochemical evidence of tissue hypoxia and astrogliosis in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats
by Turlejski, Tymoteusz and Humoud, Ibrahim and Desai, Roshni and Smith, Kenneth J and Marina, Nephtali
Brain Research, ISSN 0006-8993, 2016, Volume 1650, pp. 178 - 183
Abstract Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system has been highlighted as a key factor that contributes to the development and maintenance of... 
Neurology | Astrogliosis | Arterial hypertension | Hypoxia | Sympathetic nervous system | SYMPATHETIC-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | MECHANISMS | NEUROSCIENCES | BLOOD-PRESSURE | NOREPINEPHRINE TURNOVER | INFARCTION | DISEASE | RESISTANCE | CONTRIBUTES | Rats, Inbred SHR | Heart Rate | Rats, Wistar | Gliosis - metabolism | Brain Stem - metabolism | Rats | Male | Sympathetic Nervous System - physiopathology | Hypertension - physiopathology | Hypoxia - metabolism | Astrocytes - physiology | Animals | Blood Pressure - physiology | Neurons - metabolism | Medulla Oblongata - physiology | Astrocytes - metabolism | Hypertension | Physiological aspects | Neurosciences | Intermediate filament proteins | PtO2, tissue oxygen partial pressure | HIF-1α, hypoxia-induced factor 1α | GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein | ir, immunoreactive | SHRs, spontaneously hypertensive rats | SNS, sympathetic nervous system | Research Report | RVLM, rostral ventrolateral medulla | MGV, Mean grey value
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8. Full Text Chronic infusion of lisinopril into hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus modulates cytokines and attenuates oxidative stress in rostral ventrolateral medulla in hypertension
by Li, Hong-Bao and Qin, Da-Nian and Ma, Le and Miao, Yu-Wang and Zhang, Dong-Mei and Lu, Yan and Song, Xin-Ai and Zhu, Guo-Qing and Kang, Yu-Ming
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, ISSN 0041-008X, 09/2014, Volume 279, Issue 2, pp. 141 - 149
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) play a critical role in the generation and maintenance of sympathetic... 
Hypertension | Oxidative stress | Angiotensin-converting enzyme | Cytokines | Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus | Rostral ventrolateral medulla | SYMPATHETIC AFFERENT REFLEX | HEART-FAILURE | FACTOR-KAPPA-B | PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES | BLOOD-PRESSURE | II-INDUCED HYPERTENSION | NAD(P)H OXIDASE | RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION | RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM | TOXICOLOGY | Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism | Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism | Sympathetic Nervous System - drug effects | NADPH Oxidases - metabolism | Antihypertensive Agents - administration & dosage | Male | Hypertension, Renovascular - physiopathology | Sympathetic Nervous System - physiopathology | Hypertension, Renovascular - metabolism | Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - physiopathology | Medulla Oblongata - physiopathology | Hypertension, Renovascular - drug therapy | Time Factors | Interleukin-1beta - metabolism | Arterial Pressure - drug effects | Inflammation Mediators - metabolism | Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - metabolism | Interleukin-10 - metabolism | Anti-Inflammatory Agents - administration & dosage | Chemokine CCL2 - metabolism | Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - immunology | Cytokines - blood | Disease Models, Animal | Lisinopril - administration & dosage | Cytokines - metabolism | Medulla Oblongata - drug effects | Inflammation Mediators - blood | Medulla Oblongata - metabolism | Infusions, Parenteral | Rats | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - administration & dosage | NADPH Oxidase 2 | Medulla Oblongata - immunology | Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - drug effects | Animals | Hypertension, Renovascular - immunology | Antioxidants - administration & dosage | Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - metabolism | Oxidative Stress - drug effects | Brain | Lisinopril | Angiotensin | Index Medicus | OXIDATION | RENIN | RATS | 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES | ANGIOTENSIN | STRESSES | KIDNEYS | NAD | PATHOGENESIS | LYMPHOKINES | OXIDASES | BLOOD PRESSURE | HYPERTENSION | BRAIN
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9. Full Text Glycinergic neurotransmission in the rostral ventrolateral medulla controls the time course of baroreflex‐mediated sympathoinhibition
by Gao, Hong and Korim, Willian S and Yao, Song T and Heesch, Cheryl M and Derbenev, Andrei V
The Journal of Physiology, ISSN 0022-3751, 01/2019, Volume 597, Issue 1, pp. 283 - 301
Key points To maintain appropriate blood flow to various tissues of the body under a variety of physiological states, autonomic nervous system reflexes... 
GABA | rostral ventrolateral medulla | baroreflex | patch‐clamp | glycine | patch-clamp | PHYSIOLOGY | BARORECEPTOR REFLEX | CORELEASE | NEUROSCIENCES | SYMPATHETIC PREGANGLIONIC NEURONS | BLOOD-PRESSURE | DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS | PRESYMPATHETIC NEURONS | PSEUDORABIES VIRUS | INHIBITORY CONTROL | RECEPTORS | Baroreceptors | Neurons | Brain stem | Brain slice preparation | Excitability | Solitary tract nucleus | γ-Aminobutyric acid | Microinjection | Sympathetic nerves | Strychnine | Blood pressure | Medulla oblongata | Acupuncture | Renal nerve | Neurotransmission | Reflexes
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10. Full Text High fructose diet induces early mortality via autophagy factors accumulation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla as ameliorated by pioglitazone
by Lin, I Chun and Wu, Kay L.H and Wu, Chih-Wei and Tain, You-Lin and Chen, I-Chun and Hung, Chun-Ying
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, ISSN 0955-2863, 07/2019, Volume 69, pp. 87 - 97
High fructose ingestion enhances mortality which has been linked to autonomic dysregulation. However, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. In... 
Beclin-1 | Early mortality | High fructose diet | Pioglitazone | Rostral ventrolateral medulla | ATG12 | NERVOUS-SYSTEM | METABOLIC SYNDROME | SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS | BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | MAMMALIAN AUTOPHAGY | RECEPTOR | SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY | AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY | PROTEOSTASIS | NUTRITION & DIETETICS | INSULIN-RESISTANCE | BRAIN | Heart beat | Analysis | Mortality | Insulin resistance | Calcium-binding proteins | Health aspects | Protein kinases | Insulin | Fructose
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11. Full Text Acute action of rotenone on excitability of catecholaminergic neurons in rostral ventrolateral medulla
by Zhang, Zhaoqiang and Shi, Limin and Du, Xixun and Jiao, Qian and Jiang, Hong
Brain Research Bulletin, ISSN 0361-9230, 09/2017, Volume 134, pp. 151 - 161
Our study demonstrated that rotenone-induced electrophysiological changes of RVLM catecholaminergic neurons are caused by the opening of K-ATP channels, which... 
Catecholaminergic neurons | Electrophysiological properties | Rostral ventrolateral medulla | Rotenone | SENSITIVE POTASSIUM CHANNELS | OXIDATIVE STRESS | K-ATP CHANNELS | ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS | DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS | SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA | NEUROSCIENCES | BLOOD-PRESSURE | NERVOUS-SYSTEM INJURY | MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX-I | PARKINSONS-DISEASE | Free Radical Scavengers - pharmacology | KATP Channels - agonists | Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase - metabolism | Diazoxide - pharmacology | Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism | Synaptic Transmission - physiology | Catecholamines - metabolism | Rats, Wistar | Ubiquinone - pharmacology | Neural Inhibition - physiology | Central Nervous System Agents - pharmacokinetics | Glyburide - pharmacology | KATP Channels - antagonists & inhibitors | Rotenone - pharmacology | Synaptic Transmission - drug effects | Neurons - metabolism | Neurons - drug effects | Medulla Oblongata - drug effects | Tissue Culture Techniques | Ubiquinone - analogs & derivatives | Medulla Oblongata - metabolism | KATP Channels - metabolism | Patch-Clamp Techniques | Animals | Neural Inhibition - drug effects | Neurons | Enzymes | Nervous system diseases | Cell death | Analysis
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