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1. Full Text Signaling at purinergic P2X receptors
by Surprenant, Annmarie and Alan North, R
Annual Review of Physiology, ISSN 0066-4278, 03/2009, Volume 71, Issue 1, pp. 333 - 359
P2X receptors are membrane cation channels gated by extracellular ATP. Seven P2X receptor subunits (P2X(1-7)) are widely distributed in excitable and... 
Mutagenesis | ATP | Ligand-gated ion channels | Cell signaling | Transgenic mice | Structure-function | EXTRACELLULAR ATP | PHYSIOLOGY | ligand-gated ion channels | TASTE-BUDS | TUBULOGLOMERULAR FEEDBACK | structure-function | mutagenesis | ATP-GATED P2X | NEUROPATHIC PAIN | IN-VITRO | transgenic mice | EPITHELIAL-CELLS | cell signaling | MESANGIAL CELLS | BINDING-SITE | FIRST TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN | Amino Acid Sequence | Humans | Molecular Sequence Data | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Ion Channels - physiology | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - analysis | Receptors, Purinergic P2X | Central Nervous System - physiology | Animals | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - genetics | Signal Transduction - physiology | Mice | Adenosine Triphosphate - physiology | Genetically modified mice | Physiological aspects | Ion-permeable membranes | Genetic aspects | Research | Adenosine triphosphate
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2. Full Text Purinergic receptors in microglia: Functional modal shifts of microglia mediated by P2 and P1 receptors
by Koizumi, Schuichi and Ohsawa, Keiko and Inoue, Kazuhide and Kohsaka, Shinichi
Glia, ISSN 0894-1491, 01/2013, Volume 61, Issue 1, pp. 47 - 54
Microglia are sensitive to environmental changes and are immediately transformed into several phenotypes. For such dynamic “modal shifts”, purinergic receptors... 
modal shift | migration | phagocytosis | process extension | crosstalk | Crosstalk | Migration | Process extension | Phagocytosis | Modal shift | ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE | SPINAL MICROGLIA | NEUROSCIENCES | PERIPHERAL-NERVE INJURY | PATHOLOGICAL BRAIN | P2Y RECEPTORS | NEUROPATHIC PAIN | P2X RECEPTOR | IN-VIVO | GROWTH-FACTOR | Brain - cytology | Animals | Microglia - physiology | Humans | Receptors, Purinergic P1 - physiology | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Brain - physiology | Cell Movement - physiology
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3. Full Text The P2X7 purinergic receptor: From physiology to neurological disorders
by Skaper, Stephen D and Debetto, Patrizia and Giusti, Pietro
FASEB Journal, ISSN 0892-6638, 02/2010, Volume 24, Issue 2, pp. 337 - 345
Purine nucleotides are well established as extracellular signaling molecules. P2X receptors are ATP-gated cation channels that mediate fast excitatory... 
Cytokines | Neurodegeneration | Depression | Inflammation | ATP | Chronic pain | Microglia | Depression - physiopathology | Humans | Rats | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Adenosine Triphosphate - analogs & derivatives | Cytokines - physiology | Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology | Depression - etiology | Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 | Animals | Pain - physiopathology | Nervous System Diseases - metabolism | Signal Transduction - physiology | Mice | Adenosine Triphosphate - physiology | Neurons - drug effects
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4. Full Text Extracellular ATP exerts opposite effects on activated and regulatory CD4 + T cells via purinergic P2 receptor activation
by Trabanelli, Sara and Očadlíková, Darina and Gulinelli, Sara and Curti, Antonio and Salvestrini, Valentina and Vieira, Rodolfo De Paula and Idzko, Marco and Di Virgilio, Francesco and Ferrari, Davide and Lemoli, Roberto M
Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0022-1767, 08/2012, Volume 189, Issue 3, pp. 1303 - 1310
It has been reported that ATP inhibits or stimulates lymphoid cell proliferation depending on the cellular subset analyzed. In this study, we show that ATP... 
SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION | MIGRATION | DENDRITIC CELLS | IMMUNE SUPPRESSION | ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDES | IN-VIVO | ADENOSINE | IMMUNOLOGY | EXPRESSION | LUNG INFLAMMATION | LYMPHOCYTES | T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism | Cell Proliferation | Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - pathology | Extracellular Fluid - immunology | Humans | Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - metabolism | Bone Marrow Cells - pathology | Cell Death - immunology | Cells, Cultured | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - immunology | T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology | Cell Adhesion - immunology | Cell Movement - immunology | Extracellular Fluid - metabolism | Lymphocyte Activation - immunology | Apoptosis - immunology | T-Lymphocyte Subsets - metabolism | Bone Marrow Cells - immunology | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - genetics | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - metabolism | Adenosine Triphosphate - physiology | Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism
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5. Full Text International Union of Pharmacology LVIII: Update on the P2Y G Protein-Coupled Nucleotide Receptors: From Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiology to Therapy
by Maria P. Abbracchio and Geoffrey Burnstock and Jean-Marie Boeynaems and Eric A. Barnard and José L. Boyer and Charles Kennedy and Gillian E. Knight and Marta Fumagalli and Christian Gachet and Kenneth A. Jacobson and Gary A. Weisman
Pharmacological Reviews, ISSN 0031-6997, 09/2006, Volume 58, Issue 3, pp. 281 - 341
There have been many advances in our knowledge about different aspects of P2Y receptor signaling since the last review published by our International Union of... 
TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR | PLATELET ADP RECEPTOR | GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR | N-TYPE CA2 | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS | RAT SYMPATHETIC NEURONS | VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS | BETA-GAMMA-SUBUNITS | INDUCED ATP RELEASE | HUMAN MAST-CELLS | Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology | Atherosclerosis - drug therapy | Cardiovascular Diseases - drug therapy | Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control | Humans | Gene Expression Regulation | Models, Molecular | Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Ion Channels - physiology | Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists | Phylogeny | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - classification | Protein Isoforms - physiology | Tissue Distribution | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - therapeutic use | Animals | Models, Biological | Second Messenger Systems - physiology | Atherosclerosis - prevention & control
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6. Full Text The P2X7 Receptor Drives Microglial Activation and Proliferation: A Trophic Role for P2X7R Pore
by Monif, Mastura and Reid, Christopher A and Powell, Kim L and Smart, Megan L and Williams, David A
Journal of Neuroscience, ISSN 0270-6474, 03/2009, Volume 29, Issue 12, pp. 3781 - 3791
Microglial activation is an integral part of neuroinflammation associated with many neurodegenerative conditions. Interestingly, a number of neurodegenerative... 
Animals, Newborn | Immunohistochemistry | Microglia - cytology | Cell Proliferation | Cells, Cultured | Cell Membrane Permeability | Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists | Rats | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Green Fluorescent Proteins - genetics | Hippocampus - cytology | Rats, Sprague-Dawley | Adenosine Triphosphate - analogs & derivatives | Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology | Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 | Point Mutation | Calcium Channels - physiology | Animals | Microglia - physiology | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - genetics | Recombinant Fusion Proteins - genetics | Cell Membrane - metabolism
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7. Full Text Autocrine purinergic receptor signaling is essential for macrophage chemotaxis
by Kronlage, Moritz and Song, Jian and Sorokin, Lydia and Isfort, Katrin and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Leipziger, Jens and Robaye, Bernard and Conley, Pamela B and Kim, Hee-Cheol and Sargin, Sarah and Schön, Peter and Schwab, Albrecht and Hanley, Peter J
Science Signaling, ISSN 1945-0877, 07/2010, Volume 3, Issue 132, pp. ra55 - ra55
Chemotaxis, the movement of cells along chemical gradients, is critical for the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation; however, how cells... 
CELLS | ACTIVATION | NEUTROPHIL MIGRATION | P2X RECEPTORS | MONOCYTES | EXTRACELLULAR NUCLEOTIDES | ATP RELEASE | P2Y RECEPTOR | GRADIENTS | MEDIATES CHEMOTAXIS | CELL BIOLOGY | Monocytes - cytology | Male | Monocytes - metabolism | Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2 | Macrophages, Peritoneal - cytology | Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology | Chemotaxis - physiology | Apyrase - pharmacology | Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - genetics | Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12 | Microscopy, Atomic Force | Female | Monocytes - physiology | Macrophages, Peritoneal - physiology | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Cells, Cultured | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Chemotaxis - drug effects | Adenosine Diphosphate - pharmacology | Mice, Knockout | Animals | Complement C5a - pharmacology | Models, Biological | Feedback, Physiological - drug effects | Signal Transduction - physiology | Mice | Adenosine Diphosphate - metabolism | Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - deficiency
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8. Full Text Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential of Purinergic Signaling
by Geoffrey Burnstock
Pharmacological Reviews, ISSN 0031-6997, 03/2006, Volume 58, Issue 1, pp. 58 - 86
The concept of a purinergic signaling system, using purine nucleotides and nucleosides as extracellular messengers, was first proposed over 30 years ago. After... 
ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDES INHIBIT | ADJUVANT-INDUCED ARTHRITIS | P2X RECEPTOR SUBUNIT | ENTERIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM | PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY | SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS | GATED ION CHANNELS | LONG-TERM POTENTIATION | LUNG-CANCER CELLS | DORSAL-ROOT GANGLION | LOWER URINARY-TRACT | Cardiovascular Diseases | Signal Transduction | Gastrointestinal Tract | Humans | Musculoskeletal Diseases | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Inflammation | Endocrine System | Neoplasms | Animals | Immune System | Male Urogenital Diseases | Respiratory Tract Diseases | Skin | Female Urogenital Diseases | Nervous System Diseases
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9. Full Text Purinergic control of T cell activation by ATP released through pannexin-1 hemichannels
by Schenk, Ursula and Westendorf, Astrid M and Radaelli, Enrico and Casati, Anna and Ferro, Micol and Fumagalli, Marta and Verderio, Claudia and Buer, Jan and Scanziani, Eugenio and Grassi, Fabio
Science Signaling, ISSN 1945-0877, 09/2008, Volume 1, Issue 39, pp. ra6 - ra6
T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation results in the influx of Ca2+, which is buffered by mitochondria and promotes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. We... 
CELL BIOLOGY | T-Lymphocytes - physiology | MAP Kinase Signaling System - physiology | Calcium - metabolism | Adenosine Triphosphate - biosynthesis | Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology | Inflammation - metabolism | Cell Nucleus - metabolism | Mice, Mutant Strains | Active Transport, Cell Nucleus | Cyclic AMP - metabolism | Autocrine Communication | Signal Transduction | Lymphocyte Activation | Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Inflammation - immunology | Adenosine Triphosphate - analogs & derivatives | Connexins - metabolism | Mice, Knockout | Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism | Animals | T-Lymphocytes - immunology | Cell Proliferation - drug effects | Mice | Interleukin-2 - biosynthesis
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10. Full Text Up-Regulation of P2X4 Receptors in Spinal Microglia after Peripheral Nerve Injury Mediates BDNF Release and Neuropathic Pain
by Ulmann, Lauriane and Hatcher, Jon P and Hughes, Jane P and Chaumont, Severine and Green, Paula J and Conquet, Francois and Buell, Gary N and Reeve, Alison J and Chessell, Iain P and Rassendren, Francois
Journal of Neuroscience, ISSN 0270-6474, 10/2008, Volume 28, Issue 44, pp. 11263 - 11268
ATP is a known mediator of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the mechanisms by which specific purinergic receptors contribute to chronic pain states... 
Mice | Pain | BDNF | Knock-out | P2X | Microglia | Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - genetics | Microglia - metabolism | Neuralgia - genetics | Spinal Cord - metabolism | Mice, Inbred C57BL | Cells, Cultured | Neuralgia - metabolism | Cercopithecus aethiops | Male | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Pain - metabolism | Mice, Knockout | Pain Measurement - methods | Animals | Pain - genetics | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - biosynthesis | Receptors, Purinergic P2X4 | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - genetics | Up-Regulation - physiology | Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism | Peripheral Nerves - metabolism | COS Cells | Peripheral Nerve Injuries | pain | Brief Communications | P2X4 | knock-out | microglia | mice
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11. Full Text Evidence for Functional P2X4/P2X7 Heteromeric Receptors
by Chang Guo and Marianela Masin and Omar S. Qureshi and Ruth D. Murrell-Lagnado
Molecular Pharmacology, ISSN 0026-895X, 12/2007, Volume 72, Issue 6, pp. 1447 - 1456
The cytolytic ionotropic ATP receptor P2X 7 has several important roles in immune cell regulation, such as cytokine release, apoptosis, and microbial killing.... 
Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology | Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 | Cell Line | Animals | Receptors, Purinergic P2X4 | Humans | Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists | Rats | Receptors, Purinergic P2 - physiology | Mice | Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists | Ivermectin - pharmacology
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