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1. Multitrophic level interactions
by Tscharntke, Teja and Hawkins, Bradford A
2002, ISBN 0521791103, vii, 274
The multitrophic level approach to ecology addresses the complexity of food webs much more realistically than the traditional focus on simple systems and... 
Multitrophic interactions (Ecology) | Interactions multitrophiques (Écologie) | Biology, life sciences
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2. Full Text Community-level phenological response to climate change
by Otso Ovaskainen and Svetlana Skorokhodova and Marina Yakovleva and Alexander Sukhov and Anatoliy Kutenkov and Nadezhda Kutenkova and Anatoliy Shcherbakov and Evegeniy Meyke and Maria del Mar Delgado
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, 8/2013, Volume 110, Issue 33, pp. 13434 - 13439
Climate change may disrupt interspecies phenological synchrony, with adverse consequences to ecosystem functioning. We present here a 40-y-long time series on... 
Datasets | Climate change | Biological taxonomies | Climate | Phenology | Birds | Climate models | Plants | Species | Climate change adaptation | Boreal forest | Global warming | Mismatch | Trophic interactions | BIODIVERSITY | POPULATION | trophic interactions | TROPHIC LEVELS | PLANT-POLLINATOR INTERACTIONS | boreal forest | BIRD | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | TERRESTRIAL | VARIABILITY | global warming | mismatch | MISMATCHES | IMPACTS | ECOSYSTEMS | Temperature | Plant Development | Snow | Species Specificity | Ice | Russia | Rain | Animals | Climate Change | Insecta - growth & development | Time Factors | Models, Biological | Ecosystem | Birds - growth & development | Seasons | Fungi - growth & development | Acclimatization - physiology | Environmental aspects | Climatic changes | Research | Methods | Environmental impact analysis | Biological Sciences
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3. Full Text Linking secondary structure of individual size distribution with nonlinear size-trophic level relationship in food webs
by Chang, Chun-Wei and Miki, Takeshi and Shiah, Fuh-Kwo and Kao, Shuh-ji and Wu, Jiunn-Tzong and Sastri, Akash R and Hsieh, Chih-hao
Ecology, ISSN 0012-9658, 04/2014, Volume 95, Issue 4, pp. 897 - 909
Existing individual size distribution (ISD) theories assume that the trophic level (TL) of an organism varies as a linear function of its log-transformed body... 
freshwater lake plankton | metabolic theory | trophic interactions | microbial food web | size-based food webs | stable isotope analysis | Feitsui Reservoir, Taiwan | omnivorous feeding | zooplankton | individual size distribution | size-trophic level relationship | Ecological modeling | Marine ecology | Plankton | Ecosystems | Body size | Trophic relationships | Food webs | Polynomials | Modeling | Zooplankton | size–trophic level relationship | BODY-SIZE | ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION | ISOTOPES | POSITION | MODELS | SPECIES ABUNDANCE | MASS | CURVATURE | ECOLOGY | SPECTRA | ECOSYSTEMS | Plankton - physiology | Food Chain | Animals | Models, Biological | Body Size - physiology | Trophic levels | Research
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4. Full Text Trophic studies in a high-latitude fjord ecosystem a comparison of stable isotope analyses (13C and 15N) and trophic-level estimates from a mass-balance model
by Nilsen, Marianne and Pedersen, Torstein and Nilssen, Einar M and Fredriksen, Stein
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, ISSN 0706-652X, 12/2008, Volume 65, Issue 12, pp. 2791 - 2806
Stable isotopes of δ13C and δ15N were used to examine food sources and trophic structure of 65 taxa, representing 19 ecological groups, in a high-latitude... 
FISHERIES | CARBON | FRACTIONATION | BALTIC SEA | SEA FISH COMMUNITY | NORTHERN NORWAY | MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY | NORWEGIAN FJORD | NITROGEN | COD-DOMINATED ECOSYSTEM | MARINE FOOD-WEB | HYPERIA-GALBA | Trophic levels | Food chains (Ecology) | Fjords | Observations | Properties | Carbon | Isotopes
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5. Trophic level of Portuguese fisheries landings during the period 1970-2005
by Baeta, F and Costa, M.J and Cabral, H and International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
2007, ICES CM (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Theme Session on Marine Biodiversity : a Fish and Fisheries Perspective), Volume 2007/E:35., [1] leaf.
ANE | food webs | fisheries | Portugal | marine | trophic levels
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6. Full Text Trophic level transfer of microplastic: Mytilus edulis (L.) to Carcinus maenas (L.)
by Farrell, Paul and Nelson, Kathryn
Environmental Pollution, ISSN 0269-7491, 06/2013, Volume 177, pp. 1 - 3
This study investigated the trophic transfer of microplastic from mussels to crabs. Mussels ( ) were exposed to 0.5 μm fluorescent polystyrene microspheres,... 
Transfer | Plastic | Microplastic | Polystyrene | Trophic | PARTICLES | PLASTICS | SEA | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES | TRANSPORT | FRAGMENTS | CHEMICALS | MARINE-ENVIRONMENT | Food Chain | Environmental Monitoring | Animals | Hemolymph - chemistry | Brachyura - chemistry | Gills - chemistry | Mytilus edulis - chemistry | Plastics - analysis | Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis | Index Medicus
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7. Full Text Phenological sensitivity to climate across taxa and trophic levels
by Thackeray, Stephen J and Henrys, Peter A and Hemming, Deborah and Bell, James R and Botham, Marc S and Burthe, Sarah and Helaouet, Pierre and Johns, David G and Jones, Ian D and Leech, David I and MacKay, Eleanor B and Massimino, Dario and Atkinson, Sian and Bacon, Philip J and Brereton, Tom M and Carvalho, Laurence and Clutton-Brock, Tim H and Duck, Callan and Edwards, Martin and Elliott, J. Malcolm and Hall, Stephen J. G and Harrington, Richard and Pearce-Higgins, James W and Høye, Toke T and Kruuk, Loeske E. B and Pemberton, Josephine M and Sparks, Tim H and Thompson, Paul M and White, Ian and Winfield, Ian J and Wanless, Sarah
Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, 2016, Volume 535, Issue 7611, pp. 241 - 245
Differences in phenological responses to climate change among species can desynchronise ecological interactions and thereby threaten ecosystem function. To... 
SPRING PHYTOPLANKTON | RESPONSES | MISMATCH | BIRD | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | STREAM | CONSTRAINTS | SHIFTS | TRENDS | FRESH-WATER | Climate | Temperature | Datasets as Topic | Species Specificity | United Kingdom | Forecasting | Aquatic Organisms | Rain | Animals | Time Factors | Ecosystem | Seasons | Climate Change - statistics & numerical data | Climate sensitivity | Ecosystems | Trophic levels | Phenetics | Analysis | Biology | Identification and classification | Datasets | Climate change | Taxonomy | Phenology | Ecology | Environmental impact
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8. Full Text Nitrogen isotopes and the trophic level of humans in archaeology
by Hedges, Robert E.M and Reynard, Linda M
Journal of Archaeological Science, ISSN 0305-4403, 2007, Volume 34, Issue 8, pp. 1240 - 1251
Human and domesticate animal bone collagen δ N values in prehistory differ generally by 3‰ or more from Neolithic to post- Roman times in Northwest Europe,... 
Nitrogen | Palaeodiet | Trophic level | Stable isotopes | Protein | CARBON ISOTOPES | stable isotopes | HAIR | AGE CEMETERY | nitrogen | PREHISTORIC BRITAIN | palaeodiet | ARCHAEOLOGY | BONE-COLLAGEN | STABLE-ISOTOPES | GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY | trophic level | DIET | NATURAL ABUNDANCES | AMINO-ACIDS | protein | DNIEPER RAPIDS REGION | ANTHROPOLOGY | Archaeology | Analysis
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9. Full Text Trophic level asynchrony in rates of phenological change for marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments
by THACKERAY, STEPHEN J and SPARKS, TIMOTHY H and FREDERIKSEN, MORTEN and BURTHE, SARAH and BACON, PHILIP J and BELL, JAMES R and BOTHAM, MARC S and BRERETON, TOM M and BRIGHT, PAUL W and CARVALHO, LAURENCE and CLUTTON‐BROCK, TIM and DAWSON, ALISTAIR and EDWARDS, MARTIN and ELLIOTT, J. MALCOLM and HARRINGTON, RICHARD and JOHNS, DAVID and JONES, IAN D and JONES, JAMES T and LEECH, DAVID I and ROY, DAVID B and SCOTT, W. ANDY and SMITH, MATT and SMITHERS, RICHARD J and WINFIELD, IAN J and WANLESS, SARAH
Global Change Biology, ISSN 1354-1013, 12/2010, Volume 16, Issue 12, pp. 3304 - 3313
Recent changes in the seasonal timing (phenology) of familiar biological events have been one of the most conspicuous signs of climate change. However, the... 
trophic mismatch | traits | climate | meta‐analysis | linear mixed effects models | phenology | Climate | Linear mixed effects models | Phenology | Trophic mismatch | Traits | Meta-analysis | POPULATION | BIRD | SIZE | meta-analysis | CLIMATE-CHANGE | TIME | RESPONSES | MISMATCH | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES | BUTTERFLIES | PLANTS | ECOLOGY | SELECTION | BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION | Hydrology | Global temperature changes | Endangered species | University and college libraries | Analysis | Protection and preservation | Marine biology | Climate change | Terrestrial ecosystems | Seasons | Aquatic ecosystems
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10. Full Text A bioenergetics-based population dynamics model of Pacific herring ( Clupea harengus pallasi) coupled to a lower trophic level nutrient–phytoplankton–zooplankton model: Description, calibration, and sensitivity analysis
by Megrey, Bernard A and Rose, Kenneth A and Klumb, Robert A and Hay, Douglas E and Werner, Francisco E and Eslinger, David L and Smith, S. Lan
Ecological Modelling, ISSN 0304-3800, 2007, Volume 202, Issue 1, pp. 144 - 164
We describe an approach to dynamically couple a fish bioenergetics-based population dynamics model to the NEMURO lower trophic level... 
NEMURO.FISH | Lower trophic level model | Herring | Bioenergetics | Coupled marine ecosystem model | NEMURO | Population dynamics
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11. Full Text Structural changes within trophic levels are constrained by within‐family assembly rules at lower trophic levels
by Song, Chuliang and Altermatt, Florian and Pearse, Ian and Saavedra, Serguei and Gomez, Josè Marìa
Ecology Letters, ISSN 1461-023X, 08/2018, Volume 21, Issue 8, pp. 1221 - 1228
Historical contingency broadly refers to the proposition that even random historical events can constrain the ecological and evolutionary pathways of organisms... 
historical contingency | Community assembly | structural stability | ecological networks | species coexistence | BIODIVERSITY | STABILITY | NETWORKS | COMMUNITY | PLANTS INCREASES | BUTTERFLIES | REORGANIZATION | SYSTEMS | ECOLOGY | SELECTION | HISTORY | Pathways | Plant introductions | Trophic levels | Communities | Herbivores | Coexistence | Species | Assembly | Contingency
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12. Full Text Ecosystem indicators - Accounting for variability in species' trophic levels
by Reed, Jodie and Shannon, Lynne and Velez, Laure and Akoglu, Ekin and Bundy, Alida and Coll, Marta and Fu, Caihong and Fulton, Elizabeth A and Grüss, Arnaud and Halouani, Ghassen and Heymans, Johanna J and Houle, Jennifer E and John, Emma and Le Loc'h, François and Salihoglu, Baris and Verley, Philippe and Shin, Yunne-Jai
ICES Journal of Marine Science, ISSN 1054-3139, 01/2017, Volume 74, Issue 1, pp. 158 - 169
Trophic level (TL)-based indicators are commonly used to track the ecosystem effects of fishing as the selective removal of organisms from the food web may... 
fishing effects | trophic level-based indicators | ecosystem indicators ecosystem models | fishing scenarios | SIZE-SPECTRA | MANAGEMENT | INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL | FOOD-WEB DYNAMICS | MARINE ECOSYSTEMS | SOUTHERN BENGUELA ECOSYSTEM | FISHERIES | ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS | TROPHODYNAMIC INDICATORS | MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY | OCEANOGRAPHY | FISH COMMUNITY
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13. Full Text Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in a freshwater food web from Dianshan Lake: Occurrence level, congener pattern and trophic transfer
by Zhou, Yihui and Yin, Ge and Du, Xinyu and Xu, Maoying and Qiu, Yanling and Ahlqvist, Patrik and Chen, Qiaofeng and Zhao, Jianfu and Institutionen för miljövetenskap och analytisk kemi and Stockholms universitet and Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten
Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, 02/2018, Volume 615, pp. 1010 - 1018
Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are new group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) listed in the Stockholm Convention. The Yangtze River Delta is... 
Polychlorinated-n-alkane | Trophic magnification factor (TMF) | Benthic organism | Bioaccumulation | Yangtze River delta (YRD) | ENVIRONMENTAL OCCURRENCE | NORTH CHINA | RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY | MARINE MAMMALS | POLYCHLORINATED N-ALKANES | POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS | DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS | LIAODONG BAY | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES | RIVER DELTA | SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION | Persistent organic pollutants | Analysis | Rivers | Naturvetenskap | Natural Sciences | Earth and Related Environmental Sciences | Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap
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